Building the capacity of Indonesian education universities for ICT in pre-service teacher education: A case study of a strategic planning exercise

<span>This paper documents how four Indonesian teacher education institutions (TEIs) engaged in strategic planning to build their capacity in developing pre-service teachers' ICT in education competencies. These TEIs adopted a holistic approach towards strategic planning by drawing upon the six dimensions of the </span><em>Capacity Building Toolkit</em><span> for TEIs in the Asia Pacific. The core dimension is the pre-service teacher education program (curriculum, assessment and practicum) that is driven by the vision and philosophy of a TEI. The program is supported by four other dimensions of professional learning, ICT plan, communication and partnerships, and research and evaluation. Three of the four TEIs focused their strategic planning on the development of pre-service teacher education programs, while one focused on research and evaluation. In the process, the TEIs identified support from the management as pivotal in the implementation of the plan. However, they also encountered challenges in senior staff's reluctance to change, lack of funding, and shortages of qualified staff.</span>