PENERAPAN SISTEM HIDROPONIK UNTUK LAHAN PERKEBUNAN DI DESA CIBALONGSARI

Pertanian perkotaan merupakan aktivitas yang berorientasi pada terwujudnya kemudahan pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan sehari-hari bagi masyarakat kota. Selain itu, kehadiran aktivitas pertanian perkotaan juga membantu pemenuhan dan penambahan luasan ruang terbuka hijau kota. Karenanya, aktivitas pertanian perkotaan harus tertuang dalam dokumen rencana tata ruang kota, sehingga penyelenggaraannya merupakan bagian dari implementasi rencana tata ruang kota tersebut. Pada visi kota tentang masa depan, pertanian perkotaan telah lama dianggap sebagai bagian integral dari kota berkelanjutan. Dalam rangka peningkatan lahan perkebunan di Desa Cibalongsari perlu dilakukan penerapan sistem hidroponik, sistem hidroponik sebagai salah satu metode penanaman tanaman menggunakan kultur air dimaksudkan untuk dapat meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman sepanjang tahun.Kata Kunci : Pertanian Perkotaan, Tata Ruang Kota, Sistem Hidroponik.Urban agriculture is oriented activities with the ease of meeting the needs for the city daily food besides, the presence of urban agricultural activity is also helping to achieve the space and adding green open space city. Wherefore, urban agricultural activity must be set out in the city, spatial planning so that the implementation is part of the city. Spatial planning in the vision of about the future, urban agriculture has long been regarded as an integral part of a sustainable city. In order to increase the tree crops in the Cibalongsari village necessary, hydroponic application of the hydroponic system, hydroponic system as one method the planting of crops used water culture intended to be increasing productivity plant. throughout the year.Keywords : Urban Agriculture, City Spatial, Hydroponic System

Environmental Control of Plant Primary Metabolism: Exploitation of Plant Plasticity in Perennial and Tree Crops

Perennial and tree crops are interwoven with environmental challenges in multiple ways, as anthropogenic global changes are a fundamental component in a variety of pressures that have negative consequences for farming. Climate controls have a wide range of detrimental effects on the land and crops. Rainfall, temperature, heat waves, pests or bacteria, CO2 or ozone levels, and marine flows are a few examples of environmental controls life. These alterations have a negative influence on the metabolisms of primary and secondary in plants, but they make use of the adaptability of plants also, which is referred to as plasticity. Biological and metabolic characteristics, as well as plant genome mutations for greater adaptability, play an important impact on growth patterns. Pathogens and herbivores, for example, are important climatic regulators that induce unique plasticity within the plant system. The incredible adaptability is that the plants thrive under extreme conditions. Furthermore, more research and investigations are needed to determine how and to what extent plasticity can aid endurance. Because of the influence of various other factors, the results of previous studies have been inconsistent. They sense the stressor in the environment, become engaged, and then trigger the appropriate physiological responses. According to the GDB theory, the metabolic exchange is responsible for plant elasticity including the processes of growth and differentiation. The genetic trade-off in plant life development is caused by the biological impact on growth and genetic alterations, as well as herbivory and plant-plant competition. In a traditional growth rate model, researchers separate the biological and evolutionary components to characterize the impact of competition in the development of this flexibility. Plant breeding is unquestionably important in the application of plasticity to stressful controls. In the current circumstances, larger yields under harsh environmental conditions are required to meet food demand.

Fruit tree crop models: an update

Functional structural plant models of tree crops are useful tools that were introduced more than two decades ago. They can represent the growth and development of a plant through the in silico simulation of the 3D architecture in connection with physiological processes. In tree crops, physiological processes such as photosynthesis, carbon allocation, and growth are usually integrated into these models although other functions such as water and nutrient uptake are often disregarded. The implementation of the 3D architecture involves different techniques such as L-system frameworks, pipe model concepts, and Markovian models to simulate branching processes, bud fates, and elongation of stems based on the production of metamers. The simulation of root architecture is still a challenge for researchers due to a limited amount of information and experimental issues in dealing with roots because root development is not based on the production of metamers. This review aims to focus on functional-structural models of fruit tree crops, highlighting their physiological components. The potential and limits of these tools are reviewed to point out the topics that still need more attention.

Organic Fertilization and Tree Orchards

Organic fertilization has been proposed as an alternative approach to supply nutrients for crops, in the frame of organic and sustainable agriculture, with the aim to decrease high inorganic fertilization rates, protect the environment and decrease production costs for farmers. Since different types of organic fertilizers, such as manures, olive mill wastewater (OMW), sewage sludge (SS), crushed pruning wastes, composts and cover crops, exist as soil amendments to improve soil fertility, enhance plant nutrition and sustain the productivity of tree crops, their role as biofertilizers has been fully analyzed under the most important published papers. In addition, the benefits and drawbacks of organic fertilization, in a comparative approach with inorganic fertilization, are presented and discussed. Within the most important advantages of organic fertilizers, the enhancement of beneficial soil microorganisms and the improvement in soil physical properties and fertility should be included, while their most important disadvantage is their inability to directly satisfy the prompt N nutritional needs of tree crops, due to slow N mineralization rates. Finally, some novel aspects on the interrelation among innovative organic fertilizers for tree crops, sustainable field management, crop productivity and fruit quality are also included in this review, under the light of the most important and recent research data existing in the literature, with the aim to provide recommendations and future directions for organic fertilizers by tree growers.