Labelling stem cells with a nanoprobe for evaluating their homing behaviour in facial nerve injury repair

It is crucial and clinically relevant to clarify the homing efficiency and retention of stem cells in different implanting strategies of the cell therapy for various injuries. However, the need...

ROLE OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION ADDED TO CONVENTIONAL THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH TRAUMATIC FACIAL PALSY

ABSTRACT Background: Facial nerve palsy can have ophthalmological, Otological, rhinological, taste, and swallowing consequences, in addition to the psychological impact of altered facial expression. Electrical Stimulation (ES) is one of the most debatable and non-evidence-based adjunctive therapies for facial palsy. MATERIAL/METHODS We retrieved the literature on ES in facial nerve injury using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Emphasis was placed on articles and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published within the last 20 years. Results: The reviewed studies, clinical trials and systematic reviews did not support ES due to a lack of quality evidence to support significant b e n e fi t o r h a r m fr o m E S . T h e v a ri e d methodologies used and the small number of subjects included in the studies could not wholly prove the efficacy of electrotherapy for treating facial nerve injury. CONCLUSION T h o u g h m a n y s t u d i e s h a v e r e p o rt e d improvement of facial movement or function following ES for facial nerve injury, substantial evidence supporting the use of ES in facial palsy is lacking; well-designed rigorous research is required. KEYWORDS Electrical Stimulation, Facial Nerve Palsy, Facial Paralysis

SP7.1.13 Facial nerve morbidity after superficial parotidectomy in the absence of nerve conductor: a general surgeon experience from a low resource country

Aims After superficial parotidectomy, the incidence of facial nerve injury, for pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland, remains the topic of interest despite different techniques to identify the nerve during surgery. We aim to evaluate the incidence of facial nerve injury in patients undergoing superficial parotidectomy in the absence of nerve conductor. Methods After calculating sample size, 101 patients irrespective of age and gender were included in this cross-sectional study at the Department of Surgery, for nine years, from 1st January 2012. The primary outcome was the incidence of temporary or permanent facial nerve injury with a follow-up period of 12 months. The data was calculated using SPSS version 23, where mean and standard deviation were calculated for continuous variables, and frequencies were calculated for categorical data. Results Facial nerve injury was evident in 16/101 (15.8%) patients. Among these, the main truck of facial nerve was involved in 6(5.9%); temporary loss of function in 4(4.0%) while permanent injury in 2(2.0%). Most common branch of facial nerve affected was marginal mandibular nerve (6, 5.9%), of which 4(4.0%) had a permanent loss. Additionally, four (4.0%) patients developed salivary fistula whereas (2%) patients developed Frey’s syndrome. Conclusion Facial nerve injury should be clearly explained, in the consent, to the patient as a medicolegal purpose. Where the nerve stimulator is not available, identification of the proposed anatomical landmarks allows a safe recognition of the facial nerve.

Schwannoma of the Zygomatic Branch of the Facial Nerve

Significance Statement Facial nerve schwannoma is extremely uncommon. Despite its rarity, it is considered the most common facial nerve tumor and potentially affects any segment of the nerve. Presenting symptoms vary depending on the location of the neoplasm. Tumors pertaining to the extratemporal course of the nerve mainly appear as an asymptomatic parotid mass. We present a rare case of schwannoma of the zygomatic branch of the right facial nerve that was surgically resected, without facial nerve injury.

Probability assessment of facial nerve injury in children and adolescents during the elective maxillofacial surgery

Relevance. Various factors can cause facial neuropathy. Iatrogenic facial nerve injury in childhood and adolescence is a complicated medical, psychological and legal problem. Risk assessment of the facial nerve injury during the elective maxillofacial surgeries is required depending on the localization of the procedure. The statistical assessment is very important for the evaluation of the possible iatrogenic facial neuropathy in children and adolescents during the elective maxillofacial surgeries.Materials and methods. 715 medical records for 2017 from the Department of Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery of the MSUMD Clinical Center for Maxillofacial, Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery were analyzed.Results. There was a risk of injury to the trunk or branches of the facial nerve during surgery in 121 cases (16,9%) for the technical complexity of the surgical approach and the pathology location.Conclusions. There is a high risk of the facial nerve injury during the elective maxillofacial surgery in children and adolescents due to the complex anatomy of the area. Intraoperative neuromonitoring is recommended to prevent iatrogenic neuropathy of the facial nerve.