Implementation of XGBoost Ensemble Learning Model for Detecting Money Laundering

Money laundering is the illegal process of concealing the origins of money obtained illegally by passing it through a complex sequence of banking transfers. Currently banks use rule based systems to identify the suspicious transactions which could be used for money laundering. However these systems generate a large number of false positives which leads the banks to spend a huge amount of money and time in investigating the false positives. Hence, in this paper, the monitoring of transactions is to be done using XGBoost machine learning algorithm in order to reduce the number of false positives and to increase the probability of identifying true positives.

Localization of Hopfian and Cohopfian Objects in the Categories of A − Mod, AGr(A − Mod) and COMP(AGr(A − Mod))

The aim of this paper is to study the localization of hopfian and cohopfian objects in the categories A-Mod of left A-modules, AGr(A-Mod) of graded left A-modules and COMP(AGr(A-Mod)) of complex sequences associated to graded left A-modules.We have among others the main following results :1. Let M be a noetherian graded left A-module, S a saturated multiplicative part formed by the non-zero homogeneous elements of A verifying the left Ore conditions, N a submodule of M, M_{*} is a noetherian quasi-injective complex sequence associated with M and N_{*} is an essential and completely invariant complex sub\--sequence of M_{*}. Then, S^{-1}(N_{*}) the complex sequence of morphisms of left S^{-1}A\--modules is cohopfian if, and only, if S^{-1}(M_{*}) is cohopfian ;2. let M be a graded left A\--module and S a saturated multiplicative part formed by the non-zero homogeneous elements of A verifying the left Ore conditions. If M_{*} is a hopfian, noetherian and quasi-injective complex sequence associated with M, then the complex sequence of morphisms of left S^{-1}(A)-modules S^{-1}(M_{*}) has the following property :{any epimorphism of sub-complex S^{-1}(N_{*}) of S^{-1}(M_{*}) is an isomorphism } ;3. let M be a graded left A-module, N a graded submodule of M, S a saturated multiplicative part formed by the non-zero homogeneous elements of A verifying the left Ore conditions. M_{*} the quasi-projective complex sequence associated with M and $N_{*}$ a superfluous and completely invariant complex sub\--sequence of $M_{*}$. Then the complex morphism sequence of left $S^{-1}(A)$\--modules $S^{-1}(N_{*})$ is hopfian if, and only if, $S^{-1}(M_{*}/N_{*})$ the complex sequence associated with S^{-1}(M/N) is hopfian.

Transport Motility of Phagosomes on Actin and Microtubules Regulates Timing and Kinetics of Their Maturation

Phagosome maturation, in which ingested pathogens are degraded through a complex sequence of biochemical changes, is an essential process in infection control and tissue homeostasis. The maturation of phagosomes requires their intracellular transport. However, mechanisms underlying this dynamical-biochemical interdependence is poorly understood due to the lack of methods to independently manipulate either process. Here we present a study to magnetically manipulate the transport of single phagosomes and simultaneously measure their maturation and degradative functions. We reveal that the transport velocity of phagosomes acts as a maturation clock to regulate the timing of biochemical signaling activities in phagosomes. We show that velocity of phagosomes on microtubules determines their rate of fusion with lysosomes and consequently the rate of lumen acidification, following a linear relationship. Meanwhile, the timing of phagosome transport from actin cortex to microtubules controls the kinetics of early phagosome assembly and rate of transition to late phagosomes.

The minimal growth of entire functions with given zeros along unbounded sets

Let $l$ be a continuous function on $\mathbb{R}$ increasing to $+\infty$, and $\varphi$ be a positive function on $\mathbb{R}$. We proved that the condition$$\varliminf_{x\to+\infty}\frac{\varphi(\ln[x])}{\ln x}>0$$is necessary and sufficient in order that for any complex sequence $(\zeta_n)$ with $n(r)\ge l(r)$, $r\ge r_0$, and every set $E\subset\mathbb{R}$ which is unbounded from above there exists an entire function $f$ having zeros only at the points $\zeta_n$ such that$$\varliminf_{r\in E,\ r\to+\infty}\frac{\ln\ln M_f(r)}{\varphi(\ln n_\zeta(r))\ln l^{-1}(n_\zeta(r))}=0.$$Here $n(r)$ is the counting function of $(\zeta_n)$, and $M_f(r)$ is the maximum modulus of $f$.

I višap armeni. Appunti per una storia della ricezione

Vishaps are large-scale prehistoric stelae decorated with animal reliefs, erected at secluded mountain locations of the South Caucasus. This paper focuses on the vishaps of modern Armenia and traces their history of re-use and manipulations, from the end of the third millennium BCE to the Middle Ages. Since their creation at an unknown point in time before 2100 BCE, vishaps functioned as symbolic anchors for the creation and transmission of religious and political messages: they were torn down, buried, re-worked, re-erected, transformed and used as a surface for graffiti. This complex sequence of re-contextualisations underscores the primacy of mountains as political arenas for the negotiation of religious and ritual meaning.

The first bismuth borate oxyiodide, Bi4BO7I: commensurate or incommensurate?

The first bismuth borate oxyiodide, Bi4BO7I, has been prepared by solid-state reaction in evacuated silica ampoules. Its crystal structure [space group Immm(00γ)000] comprises litharge-related layers of edge-sharing OBi4 tetrahedra; the interlayer space is filled by I− and [BO3]3− anions. The wavevector, q = 0.242 (3)c*, is very close to the rational value of c*/4, yet refinement based on commensurate modulation faces serious problems indicating the incommensurate nature of the modulation. The I-/[BO3]3− anions are ordered in a complex sequence along [001], i.e. –<–BO3–BO3–I–I–> n = 28–I–I–I–<–BO3–BO3–I–I–> n = 28–BO3–BO3–BO3–, leading to a structural modulation. The principal feature of the latter is the presence of –I–I–I– and –BO3–BO3–BO3– sequences that cannot be accounted for in the a × b × 4c supercell. The thermal expansion of Bi4BO7I is weakly anisotropic (αa = 8, αb = 15 and αc = 17 × 10−6 K−1 at 500 K) which is caused by preferential orientation of the borate groups.

[NH2CHNH2]3Sb2I9: a lead-free and low-toxicity organic–inorganic hybrid ferroelectric based on antimony(iii) as a potential semiconducting absorber

A novel room-temperature ferroelectric crystal with the complex sequence of phase transitions.