Application of slag from thermal power plant for the production of porous filler

The article is devoted to obtaining a porous filler from the slag of the Thermal Power Plant and investigation of the filtration method for the drying of slag and clay as main raw materials for preparing the charge for porous filler production. The possibility of using TPP slag as the raw material for the production of porous filler has been proved. The main benefits of using such wastes in the production process are environmental protection, conservation of raw resources for the production of finished products. According to the results of the research, insignificant values of the pressure drop confirm the application feasibility of the filtration drying as an energy-saving method of the drying of slag and clay for preparing the charge for porous filler production. The influence of the temperature of the drying agent in the range from 313 to 373K on kinetic during filtration drying of slag and clay has been established. Obtained results are useful for the organization and intensification of the filtration drying process of slag and clay as the preliminary stage at the porous fillers production line. The qualitative new porous filler with the bulk density of 230 kg/m3, the specific heat of 0,82 kJ/kg∙K, the thermal conductivity of 0,067 W/m∙K and compressive strength of 27,7 MPa has been obtained which can be used for the production of lightweight concretes.

APPLICATION OF ANTHRACITE FLOTATION ENRICHMENT WASTE IN PRODUCTION OF POROUS AGGREGATE BASED ON LIQUID-GLASS COMPOSITIONS

Reduction of reserves of traditional natural raw materials for production of porous aggregates forces to look for new ways of its replacement by various types of technogenic raw materials. At the same time, the experience of advanced Western foreign countries has shown the practical, economic, environmental and technical feasibility of this direction and application as a tool for protecting the natural environment from pollution. In the present work it is shown that the most appropriate use wastes fuel and energy complex in the manufacture of insulating materials, such as porous aggregates with heat conductivity not more than 0.25 W/m•operating system. Waste from anthracite flotation enrichment was used as a thinning agent and burnout additive. Waste flotation enrichment of anthracites have an increased content of PP (loss during calcination = 42.4 %) and carbon content (C = 13.84 %), so they were used for the production of porous aggregate not only as a thinner, but also as burnout additives. Developed on the basis of waste flotation enrichment of anthracites and beet compositions for porous aggregates, which have high rates of compressive strength and softening factor, and the mark on the bulk density does not exceed M400. Studies have shown that the porosity on the exterior of the product, in contrast to the internal almost no form, ie waste flotation enrichment of anthracites contributes to the porous filler closed pores. The presence of pores of isometric shape and oval closed porosity in the porous filler gives it mechanical strength, and slit-like pores have a harmful effect. Innovative proposals for obtaining a porous aggregate have been developed. A patent of the Russian Federation was obtained for the obtained method of producing a porous filler based on a liquid-glass composition.

Aging of Thin-Film Composite Membranes Based on Crosslinked PTMSP/PEI Loaded with Highly Porous Carbon Nanoparticles of Infrared Pyrolyzed Polyacrylonitrile

The mitigation of the physical aging of thin-film composite (TFC) poly[1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne] (PTMSP) membranes was studied via the simultaneous application of a polymer-selective layer crosslinking and mixed-matrix membrane approach. For the first time, a recently developed highly porous activated carbon material (infrared (IR) pyrolyzed poly[acrylonitrile] (PAN) or IR-PAN-a) was investigated as an additive to a PTMSP-selective layer for the reduction of aging in TFC membranes. The total electric energy spent on the IR irradiation treatment of IR-PAN-a particles was twice lower than conventional heating. The flat-sheet porous microfiltration membrane MFFK-1 was used as a support, and the crosslinked PTMSP/PEI loaded with a porous filler was applied as a selective layer (0.8–1.8 µm thick) to the TFC membranes. The initial IR-PAN-a sample was additionally milled to obtain a milled IR-PAN-aM sample with a monomodal particle size distribution of 500–800 nm. It was shown that IR-PAN-a, as a filler material with a high surface area and pore volume (2450 m2/g and 1.06 cm3/g, respectively) and a well-developed sponge-like structure, leads to the increase of the N2, O2, and CO2 permeance of PTMSP-based hybrid membrane material and the decrease of the aging of PTMSP. The simultaneous effect of crosslinking and the addition of a highly porous filler essentially improved the aging behavior of PTMSP-based TFC membranes. The monomodal and narrow particle size distribution of highly porous activated IR-pyrolyzed PAN is a key factor for the production of TFC membranes with reduced aging. The highest stability was achieved by the addition of a milled IR-PAN-aM sample (10 wt%). TFC membrane permeance was 6300 GPU (30% of initial permeance) after 11,000 h of aging at ambient laboratory conditions.

Viscoelastic fluid flow through a porous filler during molding of composite products in closed molds

The flow and heat transfer during impregnation of the filler with a non-Newtonian liquid in the process of forming composite products in closed forms is investigated. The flow is described by the Brinkman equation. In terms of rheology, medium is the Phan-Thien-Tanner fluid. The problem is solved by a numerical method of finite differences.

Environmental and Practical Aspects of the Use of Burnt Rocks and Drill Cuttings in the Production of Porous Filler

The advantages of using effective insulation materials from waste productions – burnt rocks and drill sludge based on liquid glass – are laid out. The compositions and the method of production for obtaining a porous filler have been developed, which is confirmed by patents of the Russian Federation. The use of waste materials – one of the most effective ways to save natural materials, with simultaneous utilization of byproducts and contributes to environmental protection.