The Tavern

For centuries, most ordinary central and eastern European Jews lived in towns and villages, often running taverns at the local nobleman’s behest. There were few Jewish families in these rural communities, which often made it difficult to properly educate Jewish children. While the tavern was a space that ensured the family’s livelihood, it also confronted the tavernkeeper’s children with the temptation of peasant dancing. Indeed, taverns facilitated multiple forms of boundary-crossing. Rural Jewish families struggled, at least in literature, with passing on Jewish knowledge and customs to children who may have found the pastimes of their neighbors more compelling. Leopold Kompert’s Die Kinder des Randars (The Randar’s Children, 1848) and Leon Kobrin’s Yankl Boyle (1899) depict the ways the children of tavernkeepers struggled to reconcile their Jewish and rural identities.

Źródła i specyfika badań nad genealogią Żydów na terenie dawnej Galicji

The author presents various sources for researching the genealogy of Jewish families. The basic documents are record books, but also censuses, court and tax documentation. They often complement each other, recreating for us the history of the inhabitants of Galicia. Books of births, deaths and marriages, which have been preserved in many record districts of former Galicia, are particularly important. The specificity of entries in these sources presented in the article allows them to be understood and facilitates the search. It is conditioned by Jewish tradition and religion. Many archives were destroyed during World War II, which makes work difficult for researchers of Jewish genealogy. The author points to documents and websites that can help in researching one’s family’s past, also during the Holocaust.

The Jewish Identity of the “Unexpected Generation” in the Context of the Upbringing Model in a Mixed Family

The Jewish Identity of the “Unexpected Generation” in the Context of the Upbringing Model in a Mixed FamilyThe goal of the article is to introduce one of the youngest Jewish generations in Poland, known as the “unexpected generation”, based on my own research and the findings of other researchers. At the same time, I consider the essence of upbringing in a mixed family and its consequences for the socio-cultural identity of this generation. I look at ways of constructing patterns of Jewish family life and possible forms and content of intergenerational family transmission. I also highlight challenges and potential threats faced by Jewish families living in Poland today. Consequently, I try to outline possible further research directions related to issues of cultural content transmission in a family and the transmission of Jewish religious and linguistic heritage. Tożsamość żydowska „nieoczekiwanego pokolenia” w kontekście modelu wychowania w rodzinie mieszanej W swoim artykule chciałabym przybliżyć jedno z najmłodszych pokoleń żydowskich w Polsce, zwane „nieoczekiwaną generacją”, na podstawie badań własnych oraz ustaleń innych badaczy. Jednocześnie uwzględniam istotę wychowania w rodzinie mieszanej i to, jakie niesie za sobą konsekwencje dla tożsamości społeczno-kulturowej tegoż pokolenia. Przyjrzę się sposobom konstruowania wzorów żydowskiego życia rodzinnego oraz możliwym formom i treściom rodzinnej transmisji międzypokoleniowej. Wskażę także na wyzwania i potencjalne zagrożenia, przed którymi stają dziś żydowskie rodziny mieszkające w Polsce. W efekcie postaram się wytyczyć możliwe dalsze kierunki badawcze podejmujące kwestie transmisji treści kulturowych w rodzinie, przekazu żydowskiego dziedzictwa religijnego i językowego.

Settlement houses and the emergence of social work in Mandatory Palestine

The two settlement houses established in Mandatory Palestine were part of efforts by Jewish social workers to both address poverty among immigrant populations and to strengthen their integration into the Zionist project, which sought to establish a Jewish state in that country. The first settlement house was established in Jerusalem by a Zionist women’s organization in 1925. Drawing upon settlement house models in the UK and those developed in Jewish communities in Eastern Europe, the settlement house sought to combine community level and casework interventions, led by a social worker, in working with poor immigrant Jewish families primarily from Yemen. A decade later a second settlement house was established by social workers employed by Jewish social services. Here again a range of community and family-focused interventions were combined with efforts to integrate poor immigrant Jewish families into the wider Jewish community and to strengthen their affiliation with the Zionist values that dominated this community.