SIMULATION OF NONLINEAR CIRCUITS BY SPECTRAL BALANCE METHOD USING TENSORS

The purpose of the article is to present the new method for electronic circuits simulation in frequency domain. The paper consists of an introduction, five sections, a conclusion and list of references. The first section is considered with the current state of the spectral balance method, which is a special versions of traditional harmonic balance method. In this method the linear and nonlinear parts of circuits are modeled in frequency domain only. The second section is devoted to the development of a spectra calculation method in nonlinear elements. The nonlinear elements into circuits simulation software usually described in time domain, so we need to develop the algorithm for calculation the spectra in nonlinear elements in frequency domain. In the third section the review of methods for tensor usage at simulation tasks into electronic CAD systems are discussed. Into the section four the methods of tensor decomposition are described. The canonical decomposition, Tacker decomposition and tensor train decomposition are discussed. The possible version of tensors usage in the tasks of spectral balance method for electronic CAD systems is presented in the section five. The conclusion contains the results of the work done, practical value and prospects are indicated.

Typological variation in the phonetic realization of lexical and phrasal stress: Southern British English vs. Tunisian Arabic

Results of phonetic experiments on the acoustic correlates of lexical stress (word-level prominence) and phrasal stress (phrase-level prominence = accent) as two separate concepts in two typologically different languages, Southern British English (SBE) and Tunisian Arabic (TA), are reported in this study. Because of the confusion in the literature between the terms stress and accent, their acoustic correlates were muddled, too. To avoid this confusion, the data in this study are elicited using an experimental paradigm which allows careful investigation of the correlates of each concept independently. The duration, spectral balance, and vowel quality cues are measured. Results show cross-linguistic similarities and differences between the two languages. Unlike most world languages, duration in TA is not a correlate of stress. It is rather a correlate of accent. In the absence of focus on the target words in TA, the only phonetic characteristics of lexical stress that come in the foreground are spectral balance and F1 lowering. However, when the word is focused, Tunisian speakers rely mainly on duration and spectral balance to signal accent. SBE signals stress through three acoustic correlates which are duration, spectral balance, and vowel quality. More similarity is found for accent detection between speakers of the two languages.