Som, luzes, câmera, audiodescrição: modos de audiodescrever em sala de aula

Este ensaio foi elaborado com o intuito de contribuir à discussão a respeito da importância da interpretação audiodescritiva para a fruição de obra visual, seja ela um vídeo, um espetáculo de dança ou teatro. O trabalho é destinado a docentes que lidam com essas linguagens e dialogam com estudantes cegos ou com baixa visão, mas pode vir a ajudar na reflexão sobre a audiodescrição em outras áreas de atuação profissional. Para que haja efetividade no uso dessa ferramenta de mediação, como deve se dar a realização da audiodescrição, com a expressão de emoções do/a audiodescritor/a? Com uma leitura não pessoal da imagem? Para responder a essas perguntas, são realizadas reflexões a partir de uma experiência com a audiodescrição vivida pelo autor, dialogando com referenciais teóricos (BRAUN, 2008, COSTA, 2012, FRANCO, 2010, POZZOBON, 2010) e normas de realização da audiodescrição (Audio Description Coalition, American Council Of The Blind’s Audio Description Project, ABNT). Conclui-se que a audiodescrição, como modo de tradução, é realizada por sujeitos intérpretes imbuídos de experiências e características que podem ser os diferenciais de valorização de seu trabalho.

EVALUATING ENGLISH FOR IRAQ TEXTBOOK GRADE 5 IN TERMS OF TEXTBOOK QUALITY STANDARDS

This study attempts to evaluate English for Iraq textbook grade 5 and compare English for Iraq 5 Pupil's book and Activity book in light of the American Council for the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) Standards. The study approach is descriptive as the researcher uses content analysis to analyze the activities of all 8 units in English for Iraq textbook and then determine the availability of ATCFL standards in the textbook. The collected data were analyzed statistically. The results of this study indicated that English for Iraq textbook grade 5 matches the ATCFL five main standards ( communication, cultures, connections, comparisons, and communities) moderately since English for Iraq textbook grade 5 matches cultures and connections standards largely whereas it matches communications, comparisons, and communities moderately.

Rooting the concept and skills of engineering sense in Egyptian and Arabic research and studies

Geometric sense is one of the types of mathematical sense in its general concept and there is a difference between researchers in Egypt and the Arab countries about the concept of geometric sense and its main and sub-skills and there is also a confusion among researchers between geometric sense measurement tests and achievement tests in geometry. The aim of the research is to accurately define the concept of geometric sense that eliminates differences between researchers, to refute the geometric skills identified by researchers within Egypt and the Arab countries for geometric sense, which confuses geometric sense, geometric thinking, geometric proof and achievement in geometry, to identify key and sub-skills for geometric sense according to the writings of the American Council of Mathematicians NTCM so that researchers can commit to them in future research.

Current Barriers in Pursuing Otolaryngology as an Osteopathic Applicant and Proposed Goals for the Future

The osteopathic (DO) medical profession has seen a substantial increase in popularity, evident by the drastic increase in the DO physician workforce and increasing number of DO graduates in the United States. Osteopathic medical schools have historically been primary care focused, resulting in a majority of their graduates pursuing practice in those specialties. This focus may be inadvertently creating a disadvantageous environment for DO students who aim to pursue specialized or traditionally competitive fields in medicine. Otolaryngology is a prime example of osteopathic underrepresentation, as there is currently a significantly low percentage of DO residents in otolaryngology residency programs and practicing DO otolaryngologists. Given the recent American Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and American Osteopathic Association (AOA) merger between osteopathic and allopathic (MD) residency programs, it is of great value to further discuss avenues for progress and mitigation of barriers.

Introduction

If Edward Said is known for identifying the political implications of negative stereotypes of Islam, John L. Esposito is known for correcting them. This chapter summarizes the significance of Esposito’s contributions to the study of Islam and his leadership in inspiring other scholars around the world. The best-known scholar of Islam in North America, Esposito has published more than seventy books, as well as handbooks, encyclopedias, and other sources that have become standard academic references. He has served as president of the American Council for the Study of Islamic Societies, the Middle East Studies Association, and the American Academy of Religion. This chapter also introduces the chapters contained in this volume, which extend his work in four areas: the secular bias of Orientalism, its failure to recognize both the enormous diversity within Islam and profound similarities between Islam and other religions, and the current iteration of Orientalism: Islamophobia.

Livros e política nas relações culturais dos Estados Unidos com o Brasil (1930-1946)*

Objetivo: Este artigo analisa o contexto e as motivações dos subsídios da Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs para os programas editoriais na década de 1940, relacionando-as aos programas financiados pela Fundação Rockefeller desde a década de 1930, em especial aqueles coordenados pela American Library Association. Metodologia: Para isso, as fontes primárias disponíveis nas seguintes instituições foram analisadas comparativamente: o National Archives and Records Administration II, a Fundação Rockefeller, a American Library Association e o American Council of Learned Societies. Originalidade: o artigo destaca a ação estadunidense que objetivava evidenciar sua superioridade e neutralizar as “atividades subversivas” e o “antiamericanismo” no continente americano por meio dos livros, um dos bens culturais pouco explorado na historiografia da chamada Política da Boa Vizinhança. Conclusões: a análise mostra que o fortalecimento da distribuição de livros funcionou como uma estratégia de maior inserção ideológica nos países alvos, além do combate às atividades subversivas e ao antiamericanismo na década de 1940.

معايير مهارة الكلام في ضوء مفهوم الكفاءة اللغوية

This research aims to: 1) introducing the speaking skill and the language proficiency, and it’s also aims to explain how dependability between the speaking skill language skills and language proficiency. 2) mentioned the standards of language proficiency to determine the speaking skill levels based on the concept of language proficiency. The method used is a library research, and it be completed way of collected and analyzed data from magazines, books and thesis. There are some main references used: 1) المهارات اللغوية مستوياتها، تدريسها، صعوباتها 2) إرشادات المجلس الأمريكي لتعليم اللغات الأجنبية (ACTFL) 3) تعليم اللغة العربية للناطقين بلغات أخرى. The results indicated that 1) defining the speaking skill as: the speaking ability to express thoughts, feelings, sensations, knowledge and experiences by fluency, speed and accuracy through media communication. Then defining Language proficiency as the accuracy of language performance and the possibilities of generalization for an unlimited number of sentences. 2) The research aims to mention the standards of language proficiency of the speaking skill by providing the most important scientific reference framework to fit the appropriate levels and in the accuracy form, this come to be called. The guidelines of the American Council (ACTFL). ACTFL has five main levels of speech efficiency: distinguished, superior, advanced, intermediate and novice.

Body fatness in sedentary and active students with different body mass index

Study aim: Numerous data have indicated that body fat stores undergo complicated regulation by genetic and environmental factors, including physical activity. However, the majority of studies did not take into account this aspect of lifestyle in proposed body fat limits. In this context it seems that a more precise and reliable classification of body fat is provided by the American Council on Exercise (ACE), which distinguishes individuals not only with respect to sex but also activity level. Material and methods: A total of 793 students (312 sedentary and 481 active) volunteered to participate in the study. Among sedentary participants 147 were male and 165 female. Among active subjects 206 were male and 275 were female. Active subjects were engaged in different modes of physical activity according to the study program. In all participants body mass index (BMI) was calculated. In participants with BMI 18.5–24.9 and BMI ≥ 25 body fat was determined using four skinfold measurements. Thereafter participants were classified according to the percentage of body fat using ranges for males and females provided by the American Council on Exercise (ACE) (essential fat, athletes, fitness, average and obese fatness). Results: None of the sedentary and active males with BMI 18.5–24.9 had high (obese) fat. In contrast, in sedentary males with BMI ≥ 25 16.4% were obese vs. 1.8% of obese active ones. In sedentary females BMI from 18.5 to 24.9 did not exclude obesity, which was found in 16.9% of participants. In sedentary females with BMI ≥ 25 most of the subjects (97.1%) were obese. In contrast, in active females with BMI ≥ 25 a similar percentage of participants had average and obese fat (53.3% and 46.7, respectively). Discussion: Our study clearly demonstrated that BMI as a simple measure of body composition provides false information concerning true adiposity in physically active male and female students. A similar BMI did not exclude marked differences in the percentage of body fat in sedentary and active students.