Radiocarbon Dating in the Vernadsky Institute V

Charcoal from layer of buried soil from old brick works in Mende, Hungary (47° 30′ N Lat, 19° 30′ E Long) [unconfirmed, D.B.S.]. Deposits are humic loess loams, containing bits of charcoal. Sample at depth ca. 6.5 m. This cross section is one of classical loess excavations in Hungary. Sample coll. 1964, by M. Pechi [Pees] and D. Khan [Hahn].

Radiocarbon Dating in the Vernadsky Institute IV

Peat, at depth 3.5 m, from upper of 2 layers, at village of Timoshkovichi [53° 35′ N Lat, 26° 05° E Long], Korelichi Raion, Grodno Oblast, Belorussian SSR. Timoshkovichi is located on Novogrudok upland, beyond limits of region of Valday [Wurm] Glaciation. Cross section synchronous with ancient ravine of Neman R. basin where 2 horizons of peat can be detected: the lower, according to pollen data, accumulated at time of Mikulino [Eem] Interglacial; the upper believed accumulated at time of 2nd climatic optimum of Mikulino Interglacial, or at time of early Interstadial of Valday [Wurm] Glaciation (Tsapenko and Makhnach, 1959). Coll. 1962 by N. S. Chebotareva, Geog. Inst., Acad. of Sci., USSR.

Radiocarbon Dating in the Vernadsky Institute I-IV

Results of absolute age determination by the radiocarbon method, obtained in the Radiocarbon Laboratory of the Vernadsky Institute are given in this article. The counting of natural C14 activity was realized by measuring the gaseous carbon compounds—CO2 and C2H6—with the aid of a proportional counter. Investigation objects were wood, peat, coal, plant and animal remains and other organic material. All samples were preliminarily treated with hot 2% NaOH and 5% HCl to remove foreign humic acid and carbonate. Carbon dioxide, which was obtained after burning, was freed of electronegative admixtures by purification with the aid of CaO. Ethane was synthesized from the sample carbon through the following stages: natural sample→CO2→CaCO3→CaC2→C2H2→C2H6. The counting gas was let into the counter up to a pressure of 2 atm. Counters of stainless steel or copper of different volumes from 0.5 to 2 litres were used. The screening of the counters was effected by steel (24 cm thick) and mercury (2.5 cm thick) shields; the counter together with the mercury shield was enclosed in a circle of Geiger counters of the GS-60 type arranged in anti-coincidence. A detailed description of the methods, the constructions and the apparatus has been published (Vinogradov, Devirts, Dobkina, Markova, Martishchenko, 1961).