A phase-oriented evaluation framework for China's PPP projects

PurposeThis study develops a phase-oriented evaluation mechanism based on the public–private partnership (PPP) project process and provides a preliminary framework for the promotion of the phase-oriented evaluation of PPPs in China.Design/methodology/approachThrough a literature review and survey interviews the success criteria for the implementation process of PPPs are documented. Process success criteria findings are used to populate the content of the phase-oriented evaluation. The result is then tested, revised and improved through follow-up expert interviews.FindingsThis paper identifies PPP project process success criteria. Using these criteria, a phase-oriented evaluation framework is developed. Moreover, in consultation with industry experts in the PPP field, eight evaluation aspects were determined: confirmation of project compliance and performance, confirmation of value for money, confirmation of financial affordability, trend analysis of annual performance appraisal, risk review and early warning, rebankability analysis, project externality analysis, benchmarking analysis of similar projects. These eight application aspects are analyzed in the light of the outcomes of the resulting phase-oriented evaluation framework.Research limitations/implicationsThe results of the research can only provide researchers and practitioners with generic insights regarding inputs into a phase-oriented evaluation of PPP projects. For any specific PPP project, the focus and priority of the evaluative content will vary.Practical implicationsA phase-oriented evaluation of PPP projects is put forward. This will allow project stakeholders to better track the progress of projects throughout what can be a lengthy implementation stage.Originality/valueThis study can provide governments and stakeholders with a new, theoretical understanding as to factors required of an effective phased evaluation of China's PPP projects. In that regard it will be significant value in PPP project policy and decision-making.

Intrusion Detection on Apache Spark Platform in Big data and Machine Learning Techniques

With the rising cyber-physical power systems and emerging danger of cyber-attacks, the traditional power services are faced with higher risks of being compromised, as vulnerabilities in cyber communications can be broken to cause material damage. Therefore, adjustment needs to be made in the present control scheme plan methods to moderate the impact of possible attacks on service quality. This paper, focuses on the service of synchronized source-load contribution in main frequency regulation, a weakness study is performed with model the attack intrusion process, and the risk review of the service is made by further model the attack impacts on the service’s bodily things. On that basis, the customary synchronized reserve allotment optimization model is adapted and the allocation scheme is correct according to the cyber-attack impact. The proposed alteration methods are validating through a case study, showing efficiency in defensive alongside the cyber-attack impacts.

Perioperative Glycemic Management for Patients with and without Diabetes

ABSTRACTPeople with diabetes are at an increased risk for worse postoperative outcomes, compared to people without diabetes. Notably, up to one in 10 people who undergo surgery have unrecognized diabetes and an additional 10% may have postoperative hyperglycemia without meeting the criteria for a diagnosis of diabetes. Management of postoperative hyperglycemia has been demonstrated to reduce the incidence of poor outcomes, but evidence demonstrates that postoperative hyperglycemia remains a quality gap for surgical patients. In this review, we will outline the evidence for preoperative screening for postoperative hyperglycemic risk, review the evidence for perioperative glycemic management, and examine the barriers to these best practices. RÉSUMÉLes personnes atteintes de diabète courent un risque accru de voir leurs résultats postopératoires moins bons que ceux des personne non atteinte de diabète. En particulier, près d’une personne sur dix qui subit une intervention chirurgicale présente un diabète non diagnostiqué et dix pour cent supplémentaires peuvent présenter une hyperglycémie postopératoire sans pour autant répondre aux critères de diagnostic du diabète. Il a été démontré que le traitement de l’hyperglycémie postopératoire réduit l’incidence des mauvais résultats, mais les données probantes montrent que l’hyperglycémie postopératoire demeure une lacune chez les patients opérés. Dans cette revue, nous présentons les données probantes relatives au dépistage préopératoire du risque d’hyperglycémie postopératoire, nous passons en revue les données probantes relatives à la gestion de la glycémie périopératoire et nous examinons les obstacles à ces meilleures pratiques.

CFIUS issues final regulations on national security review of foreign investments in the United States under FIRRMA: broader reach, mandatory filings, and limited exceptions

Purpose The article examines the sweeping changes to the review process undertaken by Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) as a result of the Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018 (FIRRMA). The Article specifically reviews the long-awaited final sets of regulations, effective as of February 13, 2020, and analyzes their impact on the CFIUS process, as well as considers the implications of FIRRMA for parties to foreign acquisition, control, and investment transactions. Design/methodology/approach The Article begins with an overview of the CFIUS framework and a general explanation of FIRRMA. It then moves to an analysis of FIRRMA and the resulting changes to the prior CFIUS regime. The Article concludes with general considerations and provides recommendations for parties who may find themselves analyzing the potential applicability of CFIUS to foreign acquisition and investment transactions. Findings FIRRMA resulted in significant changes to the existing CFIUS regulatory framework. Practical implications Parties should learn the CFIUS changes as a result of FIRRMA, including the new mandatory filing requirements as well as implications for non-controlling investment transactions. Parties should include CFIUS analysis and planning in the earliest stages of deal planning and due diligence. Originality/value The article provides an in-depth review of the changes to CFIUS resulting from FIRRMA. The changes to the existing CFIUS landscape have resulted in new mandatory filing requirements and expanded jurisdiction over non-controlling investment and real estate transactions, which are discussed in the article.

New approaches to managing patients with high total risk (review of year 2019 recommendations)

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The current recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) – 2019 are based on the results of large multicenter clinical trials that have proven the effectiveness of more stringent approaches to the management of patients with high cardiovascular risk. New regimens of drug therapy, the definition of new target values for blood pressure, blood lipid levels and the correction of hyperglycemia, the prevention of thromboembolic complications, are aimed at reducing the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. The article discusses recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology – 2019 on the management of patients with chronic coronary disease, with lipid metabolism disorders, and diabetes mellitus.