Cyber Awareness Exercises: Virtual vs On-site Participation & the Hybrid Approach

This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of executing cyber awareness exercises in two different formats: Virtual vs On-site participation. Two EU Agencies, EUSPA and ENISA have organized in the previous years Cyber Awareness exercises; a very important tool to enhance and test the organization's ability to put up resistance and respond to different cyber threats. The objective of this paper is to compare the outcomes of these awareness exercises, executed on-site through physical attendance prior to 2019 and virtually, in a remote setup in 2020, due to the restrictions posed by the pandemic of COVID-19. ENISA in collaboration with EUSPA have accumulated raw and diverse data from the evaluation reports of the cyber events mentioned above. The comparison of these data will focus on the most important success factors of a cyber awareness exercise such as: participation, cooperation (social interaction/teambuilding), effectiveness, fun, tools and identify how the location of the participants affects them. The aim of this work is to highlight through statistical analysis the benefits of a hybrid approach to the exercise’s setup, once combining elements of both virtual and on-site. Depending on the different kind of exercises, such a hybrid setup, will provide more flexibility to an exercise organizer and help maximize effectiveness, while adapting to the fluctuating working regimes of the near future; namely Teleworking. Furthermore, a modular exercise design will be proposed in order to adapt to the location limitations without impacting negatively the rate of the rest of factors analyzed.

A Smart Wireless Ear-Worn Device for Cardiovascular and Sweat Parameter Monitoring During Physical Exercise: Design and Performance Results

Wearable biomedical technology has gained much support lately as devices have become more affordable to the general public and they can easily interact with mobile phones and other platforms. The feasibility and accuracy of the data generated by these devices so as to replace the standard medical methods in use today is still under scrutiny. In this paper, we present an ear-worn device to measure cardiovascular and sweat parameters during physical exercise. ECG bipolar recordings capture the electric potential around both ears, whereas sweat rate is estimated by the impedance method over one segment of tissue closer to the left ear, complemented by the measurement of the lactate and pH levels using amperiometric and potentiometric sensors, respectively. Together with head acceleration, the acquired data is sent to a mobile phone via BLE, enabling extended periods of signal recording. Results obtained by the device have shown a SNR level of 18 dB for the ECG signal recorded around the ears, a THD value of −20.46 dB for the excitation signal involved in impedance measurements, sweat conductivity of 0.08 S/m at 1 kHz and sensitivities of 50 mV/pH and 0.8 μA/mM for the pH and lactate acquisition channels, respectively. Testing of the device was performed in human subjects during indoors cycling with characteristic level changes.

PENATALAKSANAAN FISIOTERAPI PADA KONDISI LOW BACK PAIN et CAUSA SPONDYLOSIS LUMBAL DENGAN MODALITAS ULTRASOUND, TRANSCUTANEUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION DAN WILLIAM’S FLEXION EXERCISE DI RSUD KRATON PEKALONGAN

Low Back Pain et causa Spondylosis Lumbar is a degenerative process that occurs in the corpus and the intervertebral disc due to a decrease in the density ofthe corpus intervertebra and narrowing of the corpus intervertebral causedthinning of the disc, along with lower back pain due to stress back muscles,tendons, ligaments with symptoms such as Local pain not accompanied bytingling, weakness or neurological disorders. Problems of physiotherapy includepain silent press and motion in the lower back spasm, decreased trunk musclestrength, range of motion limitations trunk, decreased functional activity. In thiscase the selected intervention technologies to overcome the above problems byusing ultrasound modality, transcutaneus electrical nerve stimulation andWilliam's flexi exercise. Design research with descriptive method used in thepreparation of scientific papers is a case study. The taking of scientific papers isdone in RSUD Kraton Pekalongan. Based therapy that has been done obtained the following results: (1)decrease in silent pain becomes T6 T1 = 8 = 2, the tenderness T1 = 2 to T6 = 1,and the motion pain becomes T1 = 4.8 T6 = 1, (2) a decrease in muscle spasm atT1 = spasm, at T6 = spasm but decreases, (3) an increase in muscle strength m.Flexor trunk T1 = 2 to T6 = 3, at m. extensor trunk T1 = 2 to T6 = 3, (4) anincrease in the scope of flexion trunk T1 = 4 to T6 = 6, the extension trunk T1 = 4to T6 = 6, lateral dextra trunk T1 = 3 to T6 = 8, lateral sinistra Trunk T1 = 8 to T6= 9 (5) an increase in functional activity T1 = 18% to T6 = 2%. With the results obtained it can be concluded that the use of the modalitiesof physiotherapy with ultrasound, transcutaneus electrical nerve stimulation andWilliam's flexi physiotherapy exercise can help the problems arising from lowback pain lumbar spondylosis et causa.