A Banach spaces-based analysis of a new fully-mixed finite element method for the Boussinesq problem

In this paper we propose and analyze, utilizing mainly tools and abstract results from Banach spaces rather than from Hilbert ones, a new fully-mixed finite element method for the stationary Boussinesq problem with temperature-dependent viscosity. More precisely, following an idea that has already been applied to the Navier–Stokes equations and to the fluid part only of our model of interest, we first incorporate the velocity gradient and the associated Bernoulli stress tensor as auxiliary unknowns. Additionally, and differently from earlier works in which either the primal or the classical dual-mixed method is employed for the heat equation, we consider here an analogue of the approach for the fluid, which consists of introducing as further variables the gradient of temperature and a vector version of the Bernoulli tensor. The resulting mixed variational formulation, which involves the aforementioned four unknowns together with the original variables given by the velocity and temperature of the fluid, is then reformulated as a fixed point equation. Next, we utilize the well-known Banach and Brouwer theorems, combined with the application of the Babuška-Brezzi theory to each independent equation, to prove, under suitable small data assumptions, the existence of a unique solution to the continuous scheme, and the existence of solution to the associated Galerkin system for a feasible choice of the corresponding finite element subspaces. Finally, we derive optimal a priori error estimates and provide several numerical results illustrating the performance of the fully-mixed scheme and confirming the theoretical rates of convergence.

Existence and Uniqueness Results for Two-Dimensional Stochastic Linearised Boussinesq Equation

The water flow in saturated zones of the soil is described by two-dimensional Boussinesq equation. This paper is devoted to investigating the linearised stochastic Boussinesq problem in the presence of randomness in hydraulic conductivity, drainable porosity, recharge, evapotranspiration, initial condition and boundary condition. We use the Sabolev spaces and Galerkin method. Under some suitable assumptions, we prove the existence and uniqueness results, as well as, the continuous dependence on the data for the solution of linearised stochastic Boussinesq problem. Keywords: linearised stochastic Boussinesq equation, Galerkin method, existence and uniqueness results, and continuous dependence on the data.