Short Communication: Growth rate of Acropora muricata coral fragments transplanted on dome-shaped concrete artificial reef with different composition

Artificial reefs are artificial habitats laid in waters by mimicking some of the characteristics of natural reefs; and could be made of different materials, one of which is concrete. Seashell waste and stone ash could be added as an alternative material to the concrete for artificial reefs. The purpose of this research is to access the growth rate of Acropora muricata coral fragments transplanted on the hollow dome-shaped concrete with three different compositions: C1), conventional concrete, composed by a mixture of Portland cement, sand, and gravel (composition was 1:3:2); C2), a mixture of Portland cement, sand and crushed bivalve's shells (composition was 1:3:2); and C3), a mixture of Portland cement, stone waste (stone dust), sand and crushed bivalve's shells (composition was 1:3:3:2). Observation of coral fragment growth was conducted underwater by Scuba diving for 6 months with observed parameters were fragment length, colony diameter and number of branching. The highest rate of fragment lengthening of A. muricata coral fragment was at C2 (1.019±0.081 cm/month) and C1 (1.014±0.076 cm/ month). The highest colony diameter increment was also in C2 (1.903±0.212 cm/month) and C1 (1.856±0.219 cm/month); while largest number of branches was also in C2 (13.31 or 2.21 branch/month) and C1 (12.56 or 2.09 branch/month), respectively. Based on one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (p = 0.05), there is no significant difference in fragment lengthening and colony diameter in C1 and C2 model, yet differed significantly with C3 model.

Survival Rate and Growth of Acropora sp. Transplanted on Artificial Substrate in Kampung Ambong, Likupang Timur

60 coral specimens transplanted on three artificial substrates, namely bamboo, iron and concrete showed that the average length of coral fragments on the bamboo substrate for four months ranged from (7.45 - 10.11 cm) the highest increase in the highest coral length occurred in the second month (1.05 cm). On the average iron substrate, the average coral fragment length ranged (9.41 - 11.68 cm), the absolute increase in coral length was highest in the fourth month (0.94 cm). Whereas on the concrete substrate (5.23 - 6.77 cm) on the concrete substrate the absolute increase was highest in the third month (0.73 cm). The results of data analysis showed the rate of increase in coral Acropora sp. ranged (0.50 - 0.78 cm / month, on the bamboo substrate the rate of increase showed a better value of the iron and concrete substrate which was equal to (0.78 cm / month). In this study the survival of corals had a percentage that could be said to be successful. iron survival rate of 90% and on the concrete substrate by 70%.Keywords: Acropora sp, TransplantationABSTRAK60 spesimen karang yang ditransplantasi pada tiga substrat buatan yaitu bambu, besi dan beton menunjukkan bahwa rataan panjang fragmen karang pada substrat bambu selama empat bulan diperoleh berkisar (7,45 - 10,11 cm) pertambahan mutlak panjang karang tertinggi terjadi pada bulan kedua yaitu (1,05 cm). Pada substrat besi rataan panjang fragmen karang rata – rata berkisar (9,41 – 11.68 cm) pertambahan mutlak panjang karang tertinggi pada bulan keempat yaitu (0.94 cm). Sedangkan pada substrat beton (5,23 – 6,77 cm) pada substrat beton pertambahan mutlak tertinggi pada bulan ketiga (0,73 cm). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan laju pertambahan karang Acropora sp. berkisar (0.50 – 0.78 cm/bulan, pada substrat bambu laju pertambahan menunjukkan nilai yang lebih baik dari substrat besi dan beton yaitu sebesar (0.78 cm/bln). Dalam penelitian ini keberhasilan hidup karang mempunyai persentase yang bisa dikatakan berhasil. Pada substrat bambu dan besi tingkat kelangsungan hidup sebesar 90% dan pada substrat beton sebesar 70%.Kata Kunci : Acropora sp, Transplantasi

SINTASAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN TRANSPLANTASI KARANG HIAS ACROPORA SP DI DESA TONYAMAN, KECAMATAN BINUANG, KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR

Culture of ornamental corals applying transplantation technique was aimed to know the successful of this transplantation technique in the ornamental coral culture based on its growth and survival rate of various coral fragments. The location of the medium settlement was in the western side of the waters of Tonyaman Village, Binuang Subdistrict, Polewali Mandar Regency with 3-4 meter depth during low tide. One of coral species i.e. Acropora sp with 48 fragments was put on 4 transplantation tables. During the experiment, cleaning of fungi and biofouling at the transplant tables and the culture tables. Measurements of the absolute growth and survival rate were done at the 21st day using calliphers and numbers of dead and live fragments were counted directly. Coral transplantation workshop for ornamental coral culture was attended by 4 fisherman groups with total 23 participants. This event was understood by the training participants from the seed selection to the monitoring. Number of coral fragment cultured was 48 fragments obtained from one of stony corals (Scleractania), i.e. Acropora sp. The range of survival rate that has been cultured for 21 days was adequately high i.e. 91.7 – 100 %. The highest survival rate was observed at the transplant table B, i.e. 100%, whereas, the table A, C, and D were 91.7 %. Average absolute growth of the coral Acropora sp cultured during this study were ranged from 4.2 – 4.9 mm/month. Aaverage absolute growth was found at table transplant B and C, while the lowest value was observed at the transplant table D.Keywords: cultivation, ornamental coral, transplantation technique, Tonyaman