Flame Retardant Finishing and Dyeing of Cotton Fabric in One Bath

Flame resistant cotton fabric is usually dyed first, and is then treated with a flame retardant by the pad-dry-cure technique. In this research, cotton fabric was treated with 2-(2-aminoethyl hydrogen phosphite)-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine (APDCT). APDCT contains s-triazine groups, which are the same used by reactive dyes. This process allows cotton fabric dyeing and flame retardant treatment to occur simultaneously, while decreasing treatment temperature, improving efficiency, and saving energy. Optimal treatment was determined by the percent dye uptake, fixation, and fabric flame resistance. The color fastness to rubbing of the treated cotton fabric was almost unchanged. The tensile strength of the treated cotton fabric was slightly reduced.

Synthesis and crystal structure of calcium hydrogen phosphite, CaHPO3

The hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure of the simple inorganic compound CaHPO3, which crystallizes in the chiral space group P43212, are reported. The structure is built up from distorted CaO7 capped trigonal prisms and HPO3 pseudo pyramids, which share corners and edges to generate a three-dimensional network.

Flame retardation performances of phosphorus-containing compounds in unsaturated polyester

Aluminium hydrogen phosphite (AHP) was synthesized in order to investigate their flame retarding performances for unsaturated polyester (UP). AHP and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) flame retardants were studied to increase fire resistance and thermal stability of materials. UL 94HB rating is achieved at 15 wt% AHP - 15 wt% TPP loading. Sample with 30 wt% loading of AHP has the burning rate slower than that of neat UP. The incorporation of FR increases the flame retardant properties as well as the amounts of charred residues protecting the mixture from further degradation. This assertion can be accepted when observing that the char yield of UP/FR mixtures at 500-650 oC is much higher than that of neat UP. The char layer may limit the amount of fuel available and insulate the underlying polymer from the flame and, thus, make further degradation more difficult.