The impact of foreign public evaluations of the US Presidents on the favorability toward the country

This study examines how international publics’ evaluations of US Presidents affect the favorability of their views of the US. More specifically, it investigates the impact of the US Presidents George W. Bush, Barak Obama and Donald Trump on attitudes toward the US in 32 nations. It analyzes the data from Pew Research Center’s Global Indicators Database on opinions of the US and confidence in the US President from 2002 to 2018. The analysis reveals a significant relationship between confidence in the US Presidents and favorable attitudes toward the US among foreign publics. The paper further discusses the implications of global evaluations of US Presidents for US public diplomacy.

Un paso adelante, dos pasos hacia atrás. Las relaciones de Estados Unidos con Cuba bajo los presidentes Obama y Trump

Desde el triunfo de Fidel Castro en Cuba en 1959, las relaciones de Estados Unios con la isla caribeña fueron caracterizadas durante más de medio siglo por una alta hostilidad y conflictividad. Eso cambió durante el segundo mandato de Barak Obama con una serie de medidas que parecieron señalar el despegue de una nueva época de cooperación entre ambos países. Esa estrategia de descongelamiento de las relaciones bilaterales terminó, sin embargo, con lavictoria electoral de Donald Trump y su estrategia favorita América first, que instrumentalizó de manera extrema la política externa para fines de la política interna. Para satisfacer a sus adherentes, entre ellos los cubanoamericanos en el Estado de Florida, Trump revertió paso por paso una gran parte de la política de apertura de su antecesor con efectos económicos negativos tanto para los cubanos como, aunque menos, para empresas y ciudadanos estadounidensesy empeoró sustancialmente la imagen de Estados Unidos y de su gobierno tanto en la región como en Europa. Un cambio generacional en la comunidad cubana en Miami, protestas de la Unión Europea y de ciertos sectores económicos en Estados Unidos despiertan por otra parte dudas si la política rígida de sanciones de la administración Trump sobreviva realmente a las próximas elecciones en Estados Unidos en 2020. Como conceptos analíticos nos sirven el neorealismo, el socialconstructivismo y el concepto intermestic polictics.

imagens da nação brasileira sob o olhar exotópico dos Estados Unidos

Este artigo analisa o pronunciamento do presidente dos EUA, Barak Obama, no Brasil, em 2011, a partir da categoria exotopia, para entender como são formadas imagens da nação brasileira. Argumenta-se que a cultura estadunidense significa a cultura brasileira a partir da visão do colonizador, que constrói imagens de uma nação colonizada, elevando a nação brasileira à potência global, destoando-a das demais nações latinas. O trabalho propõe uma aproximaçãoentre os conceitos exotopia (BAKHTIN, 2011) e nação (ANDERSON, 2008).

Gobierno Abierto: una visión de sus antecedentes, surgimiento y conceptualización

El propósito del artículo, es exponer los principales aspectos del contexto de desgaste y falta de credibilidad y confianza en los gobiernos en el que surge la corriente de ideas denominada Gobierno Abierto, para dar cuenta de la manera como toma forma y es impulsada por la administración de Barak Obama. Asimismo, se hace una conceptualización a partir de las principales ideas que diferentes autores han desarrollado en torno al Gobierno Abierto y finalmente, se hace una descripción particular de sus tres principios o pilares que son la transparencia, la participación y la colaboración.

Evaluative Language in Political Speeches: A Case Study of Iranian and American Presidents’ Speeches

<p>The study of evaluative language of political speeches is a fresh area of investigation in the field of stylistics. This study aimed at exploring and investigating evaluative instances in the speeches by Hassan Rouhani—Iran’s president— and Barak Obama at UN assembly in 2014. To this end, Martin and White’s Appraisal system of meaning was adopted to examine the mechanisms through which Obama and Rouhani express their feelings towards different people and issues. Additionally, in this study it was intended to represent how each politician ‘positions’ himself vis-à-vis different inter/national phenomena. The findings suggested that both presidents preferred to apply more adjectives and nominalizations than verbs and adverbs to express their emotion. Also the results of the study suggested that Rouhani opted for greater use of authorial and non-authorial affect in his speech than Obama. In both speeches, the flexible nature of the different emotional markers let the speakers frame them to the current social, economic, political situation of the world. One applied them to mention the threats and horrors all around the globe and the other employed them to make confidence and sympathize with other nations. </p>

Mistletoe - From mythology to evidence-based medicine

This is the time of the <em>precision medicine</em>, as President Barak Obama addressed the Nation on January 20, 2015 in a State of the Union Address: <em>Tonight, I'm launching a new Precision Medicine Initiative to bring us closer to curing diseases like cancer and diabetes — and to give all of us access to the personalized information we need to keep ourselves and our families healthier</em> (Francis S. Collins and Harold Varmus, A New Initiative on Precision Medicine; N Engl J Med 2015;372:793-795). This new field already show several actors, not only the NIH but also private company like APPLE, MICROSOFT and others, investing a lot of many: all together already several billions, dollars or euro doesn’t matter, a fact that testify how hot is becoming this new biomedical perspective....

Linguistic Peculiarities of G. Bush’s and B. Obama’s Speeches on the Armenian Genocide

The present article aims to reveal the peculiarities of the language units chosen and stringed together in the speeches on the Armenian Genocide made by George Bush and Barak Obama before and after their presidency. An attempt is made to reveal the functional and linguostylistic peculiarities that condition the ideological aspect of George Bush’s and Barack Obama’s speeches. Words, word combinations, syntagms that are part of the whole linguistic system are studied as means of realization of a certain ideological function.