Cronache psicoanalitiche: il dibattito critico sull'analisi didattica all'interno dell'American Psychoanalytic Association

Dopo una nota redazionale, viene tracciato un panorama sulle controversie attorno all'analisi di-dattica nell'American Psychoanalytic Association (APsaA), con una revisione della letteratura critica. Vengono poi descritti i recenti tentativi per riformare il sistema dell'analisi didattica. Tra le altre cose, si accenna ai problemi della certificazione da parte del Board of Professional Standards (BoPS), ai conflitti tra il BoPS e il Board of Directors dell'APsaA che poi sfociarono in una cau-sa legale, e a tre proposte di riforma dell'analisi didattica, delle quali viene anche pubblicato il te-sto: la cosiddetta "proposta PPP" (un acronimo che si riferisce alle iniziali dei tre firmatari, Fredric Perlman, Warren Procci e Robert Pyles), la proposta di Mark Poster e Michael Robbins, e quella di Luba Kessler, Kerry Kelly Novick e Lance Dodes. Viene anche sottolineato il bisogno di una governance democratica dell'APsaA. Nell'ultima parte vengono pubblicati gli interventi di alcuni di coloro che hanno contribuito al dibattito critico sull'analisi didattica: Richard Almond, Emanuel Berman, Lance Dodes, Ralph Fishkin, Henry Friedman, Robert M. Galatzer-Levy, Jane Hall, Otto Kernberg, Luba Kessler, Douglas Kirsner, Henry Zvi Lothane, Paul Mosher, Kerry Kelly Novick, Frederic Perlman, Mark Poster, Warren Procci, Bob Pyles, Arnold Richards, Michael Robbins, Mitchell Wilson.

O narcisismo na perspectiva de Otto Kernberg

Otto Kernberg é um psiquiatra e psicanalista contemporâneo que se interessou pelo tratamento de pessoas com personalidades severamente perturbadas, sobretudo pacientes borderlines e narcisistas. Ele propôs hipóteses específicas sobre o narcisismo e inovações técnicas para o tratamento das patologias narcisistas. Apesar da importância de suas contribuições, Otto Kernberg é um autor ainda pouco estudado. O presente trabalho se propõe a investigar, de forma sistemática, as hipóteses acerca do narcisismo, elaboradas pelo autor, além de analisar em que medida ele amplia e aprofunda a concepção psicanalítica freudiana de narcisismo e das patologias narcísicas. Como suporte teórico, foram analisados os escritos freudianos e os livros e artigos de Kernberg que abordam o narcisismo. Procuramos demonstrar que a perspectiva da neurose e da psicose, adotada pela maior parte das teorias psicanalíticas, é insuficiente para abordar o fenômeno do narcisismo. A análise das características psicológicas dos transtornos de personalidade narcisistas revela que há uma dimensão mais complexa do narcisismo, ligada principalmente a agressividade, que é essencial para a compreensão de tal fenômeno.

Adaptation and mental health

In the 1990s, Jeremy Holmes and Otto Kernberg alleged that, despite significant strengths, the theory of mentalization has risked becoming a disempowering, deficit-focused model of mental ill health. One resource available to Fonagy and colleagues in responding to this concern was attachment research, which had developed a model of attachment strategies as evolutionarily-primed responses to adverse conditions. We will survey the reflections of Fonagy and colleagues regarding three attachment theorists: Mary Main, Pat Crittenden, and Jay Belsky. The synthesis proposed by Fonagy and colleagues will then be described, as well as their related reflections on vigilance, trust, learning, and the structure of mental health symptoms.

The Intersubjective Revolution. Implications for Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy

On the occasion of our 30th anniversary, the Association of Psychoanalytic Studies would like to open a scientific debate on what has been considered a deep paradigmatic transformation, "the intersubjective revolution". We will host the leading exponents of two different disciplines, Otto Kernberg and Vittorio Gallese. They will evaluate the reciprocal implications of the role of the psychoanalyst in the psychotherapeutic relationships and give us a better understanding of the neurosci-entific basis of neurotic and psychotic disorders. Modern day research has allowed us to make a significant improvement in psychoanalytic techniques and to update the traditional different psychotherapeutic methods. For 30 years, the Association of Psychoanalytic Studies has been carrying out an original approach in the treatment of psychoses and neuroses according to the Gaetano Benedetti's framework. The Congress will collect and develop the constructive views which have been discussed within the International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies (IFPS). The aim is to highlight the issues that might be raised. The Congress will also make use of the in-sights and progress made by applied research of the participating individual Institu-tions and Schools, of psychoanalysts and psychotherapists. Massimo Ammaniti will deliver a Lectio Magistralis to conclude the Congress.

The Intersubjective Revolution. Implications for Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy

On the occasion of our 30th anniversary, the Association of Psychoanalytic Studies would like to open a scientific debate on what has been considered a deep paradigmatic transformation, the intersubjective revolution. We will host the leading exponents of two different disciplines, Otto Kernberg and Vittorio Gallese. They will evaluate the reciprocal implications of the role of the psychoanalyst in the psychotherapeutic relationships and give us a better understanding of the neuroscientific basis of neurotic and psychotic disorders. Modern day research has allowed us to make a significant improvement in psychoanalytic techniques and to update the traditional different psychotherapeutic methods. For 30 years, the Association of Psychoanalytic Studies has been carrying out an original approach in the treatment of psychoses and neuroses according to the framework of Gaetano Benedetti. The Congress will collect and develop the constructive views which have been discussed within the International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies. The aim is to highlight the issues that might be raised. The Congress will also make use of the insights and progress made by applied research of the participating individual institutions and schools, of psychoanalysts and psychotherapists. Massimo Ammaniti will deliver a Lectio Magistralis to conclude the Congress.

Die Spezialambulanz für Borderline-Störungen an der Universitätsklinik für Psychoanalyse und Psychotherapie

ZusammenfassungIn dem Beitrag wird einleitend die Geschichte der Entstehung der Spezialambulanz für Borderline-Störungen an der Universitätsklinik für Psychoanalyse und Psychotherapie der Medizinischen Universität kurz umrissen. Die erstvorstelligen PatientInnen der letzten 35 Jahre werden im Hinblick auf die Häufigkeit von Persönlichkeitsstörungen sowie alters- und geschlechtsspezifischer Unterschiede beschrieben. Im Besonderen werden soziodemografische Charakteristika, Unterschiede im Zuweisungsmodus und der Therapieplanung bei PatientInnen mit einer Borderline-Störung herausgearbeitet.Im Hauptteil des Beitrags werden die Arbeitsschwerpunkte der Klinik (1) psychoanalytische Erstdiagnostik und Therapieplanung und (2) Durchführung von hochfrequenten psychoanalytischen Behandlungen beschrieben. In der Diagnostik von Persönlichkeitsstörungen orientieren wir uns an den von Otto Kernberg und MitarbeiterInnen entwickelten Instrumenten – das strukturelle Interview und das Strukturierte Interview zur Persönlichkeitsorganisation (STIPO). In der Behandlung von Borderline-Störungen haben wir neben der klassischen Psychoanalyse und der psychoanalytischen Psychotherapie eine Expertise in Übertragungsfokussierter Psychotherapie (TFP) erworben.Abschließend werden die Ziele und Erfolge der TFP in der psychotherapeutischen Behandlung von PateintInnen mit Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung anhand einer an der Klinik durchgeführten multizentrischen RCT-Studie beschrieben. Dabei werden neben der Symptomverbesserung die Veränderungen in der Mentalisierungsfähigkeit, der Persönlichkeitsorganisation und der Bindungssicherheit dargestellt und anhand einer Fallvignette erläutert.

Ellipsis Unsur Kalimat Dalam Percakapan Psikoterapi

Ellipsis atau pelesapan adalah hilangnya suatu unsur yang ada dalam suatu teks, dengan makna yang tetap sama karena sesungguhnya unsur yang hilang tafsirannya tetap berada dalam teks tersebut. Terdapat dua tipe ellipsis yaitu cohesive ellipsis dan incohesive ellipsis. Penelitian ini akan berfokus pada incohesive ellipsis dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui konstruksi pelesapan yang terjadi dalam kalimat berdasarkan praanggapan perspektif antar kalimat (intra-sentence). Penelitian ini akan mendeskripsikan incohesive ellipsis dalam percakapan proses psikoterapi yaitu dalam rekaman audiovisual berjudul Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy with Otto Kernberg, MD. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan ellipsis melalui proses pelesapan pada unsur fungsi kalimat dengan menggunakan teori sintaksis dan referensi dari unsur yang mengalami pelesapan menggunakan teori pragmatik. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak dan analisis data menggunakan teksik sisip dan perluasan serta metode padan. Dari jumlah 862 klausa, ditemukan 110 data percakapan dengan proses ellipsis atau pelesapan. Penelitian ini menemukan dua tipe incohesive ellipsis yaitu textual ellipsis dan structural ellipsis. Data paling banyak ditemukan pada textual ellipsis dengan pelesapan pada unsur fungsi kalimat sebanyak 102 data dan, structural ellipsis sebanyak 8 data. Unsur fungsi kalimat yang dilesapkan yaitu subject (S), object (O) dan complement (C) serta gabungan dari beberapa satuan unsur fungsi kalimat membentuk satu rangkaian struktur yaitu S-P, P-S, S-P-O, S-P-C, dan S-P-A. Selanjutnya, reference text yang digunakan dalam data penelitian ini yaitu anaphoric ellipsis sebanyak 98 data dan cataphoric ellipsis sebanyak 3 data. Yang paling banyak mengalami pelesapan atau ellipsis adalah tipe textual ellipsis pada unsur fungsi kalimat subject-predicate (S-P) dengan total data 26 (23,6%) dari 110 data dengan bentuk acuan anaphoric ellipsis.

Borderline Personality Disorder – Dilemmas and Therapeutic Challenges

Treatment of borderline personality disorder has some specifics relative to other disorders, which are deriving from nature and structure of those people. Treatment is very slow, often with interruptions, and it presents a special challenge for contratransferal feelings but at the same time offers a possibility of continuous learning, for the patient and the therapist. Main characteristics of this personality disorder are the diffusion of identity, primitive defence mechanisms concentrated around the cleft and relatively preserved ability to rest reality. As classical psychoanalysis and psychoanalytical psychotherapy did not give results in therapy of this disorder, Otto Kernberg took its basic techniques but used them adjusted for borderline personality disorder, developing so called transfer focused psychotherapy. This paper will present the main principles of this modification, applied in practice.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.