Does Relationship End Precede Cognitive Decline? An Analysis of the Health and Retirement Study

Relationship status is thought to be associated with cognitive health in older adults, with married persons performing better on memory assessments than unmarried-cohabitating, single, divorced, and widowed persons. However, questions remain about whether relationship termination causes cognitive decline, is a result of it, or whether they share a cause; and the mechanisms by which such a relationship might operate. To address this gap in the literature, we hypothesized that relationship termination could affect cognition via the following five pathways: (1) post-termination depression; (2) loss of distributed-cognition partner; (3) cognitive depletion from caring for partner in declining and ultimately terminal health; (4) divorce to preserve assets to qualify for Medicaid to cover healthcare for cognitive decline; and (5) post-termination changes in neuropsychiatric symptoms alongside a pre-existing neurodegenerative condition that also causes cognitive decline. Using data from the 2000–2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; N = 23,393), we found that relationship termination, whether due to divorce or widowhood, was associated with cognitive decline. Using mixed-effects regression we found that the rate of cognitive decline increased after relationship termination (widowhood: □ = -0.587, p <0.001; divorce: □ = -0.221, p <0.001), supporting mechanism (5). Using HRS data for respondents and their spouses’ mental and physical health, health insurance, and activities of daily living, we also find support for mechanisms (1) and (3). Relationship termination is a critical juncture in a person’s life course that has multiple implications and may, ultimately, worsen patients’ conditions.

Fear of Rejecting Others: An Overlooked Construct in Dating Anxiety

Dating anxiety may significantly impair the formation of romantic relationships. Given the clinical importance of dating anxiety, understanding underlying cognitive features is imperative to determine appropriate treatment. Research on romantic relationship termination and partner choice suggests individuals with dating anxiety, in addition to fearing rejection, may fear rejecting potential romantic partners. This study examined the relation between dating-specific fear of negative evaluation (DFNE), fear of positive evaluation (FPE), and fear of rejecting others (FRO) to identify potentially relevant cognitive factors to dating anxiety. We found that FRO and FPE were significantly and positively related to DFNE. We also found that FRO had a significant relation to DFNE after accounting for FPE. Implications of our findings are discussed.

Implementation of Relationships between Stake holders in Small Scale Broiler Business Partnerships in Indonesia

The problem of small-scale broiler business is the low efficiency and low application of biosecurity. In the chicken industry, however, efficiency is an essential consideration for product competitiveness in terms of both price and quality. Vertical integration involving small scale businesses in partnership models is expected to maintain the existence of small scale businesses. This paper aims to analyze the performance of the implementation of various models of broiler business partnerships with the legal basis for the establishment of partnership. In this paper there are four models to be discussed, namely: Partnership of National Price Contract (KKHN), Partnership of Regional Price Contracts (KKHR), Partnership of Local Broiler Maklun (KMLB), and Partnership of Local Revenue Sharing (KBHL). The implementation of legislation for the broiler partnership is weak. This can be seen from the tendency of the core companies to narrow down to the KKHN model, while other models are being pushed and bankrupt, and there is the occurrence of unilateral business relationship termination by the nucleus company to plasma as its business partner. The policy recommendations offered are: (i) There is a need to strengthen regulation and guidance by relevant agencies in charge of animal husbandry and animal health functions at the central and regional levels supported by Business Competition Supervision Commission (KPPU); (ii) The company is advised not to break the partnership relationship with small-scale farmers who have worked together for a long time; (iii) The company should reserve funds from the farmer's chicken harvest to reinvest the chicken cage.

Examining Attempted and Completed Intimate Partner Homicide: A Qualitative Synthesis

Intimate Partner Homicide (IPH) is one of the leading causes of death for women in the United States. Recent research has identified the strongest risk markers for IPH from quantitative studies, but there is still a need to synthesize what is known about IPH from qualitative studies. Additionally, few studies have examined perpetrator-reported motivations for IPH, along with victim's and co-victims' experiences of attempted or completed IPH. In order to synthesize the current qualitative literature surrounding motivations and risk factors for IPH, a thematic qualitative synthesis was conducted. This qualitative synthesis included 20 studies that examined IPH risk factors, motivations, and other pertinent themes related to IPH. Some of the most prevalent reported motivations for committing IPH were loss of control, jealousy, relationship termination, and a history of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization (i.e., self-defense). A few of the most common risk factors for IPH found in the qualitative literature included previous IPV, coercive control, and the victim underestimating danger/lethality. It is important for both clinicians and law enforcement to know more about IPH so that that they are able to assess situations effectively.

Stalking Perpetration in Dating Relationships: The Role of Anger Management and Emotion Regulation

Stalking is a form of dating violence that has typically been studied after relationship termination, despite evidence suggesting that stalking often occurs within current dating relationships. Consequently, there is a dearth of research on correlates of stalking perpetration among intact dating relationships. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine correlates of stalking perpetration among college men and women in intact dating relationships (N = 627) in order to identify possible risk factors for stalking perpetration. Using the dating violence literature and theoretical models for intimate partner violence perpetration as a guide, two potential correlates of stalking were examined: emotion regulation and anger management. Results demonstrated that anger management was positively correlated with stalking perpetration in men and women, and emotion regulation was also consistently correlated to stalking perpetration in women. Given that this is the first known study to examine correlates of stalking perpetration behaviors in dating college students, our findings provide a base from which additional investigations can be developed.

Ghosting and destiny: Implicit theories of relationships predict beliefs about ghosting

Two studies examined how implicit theories of relationships are associated with ghosting (i.e., ending a relationship by cutting off all contact). Previous research on implicit theories of relationships has identified two types of beliefs, destiny and growth, and the present research examines how these implicit theories are associated with ghosting perceptions, intentions, and behaviors. Study 1 was an exploratory study conducted on Mechanical Turk that focused on romantic relationships ( N = 554). Study 2 was a confirmatory study conducted on Prolific Academic that aimed to replicate the romantic relationship findings and extended the research to friendships ( N = 747). Stronger destiny beliefs, compared to weaker destiny beliefs, were positively associated with feeling more positively toward ghosting, having stronger ghosting intentions, and having previously used ghosting to terminate relationships. Stronger growth beliefs, compared to weaker growth beliefs, showed the opposite pattern with perceptions of acceptability and intentions to use ghosting. Taken together, the present research provides an important first step in understanding how implicit theories relate to relationship termination strategies and, specifically, the process of ghosting.

Supplier Internal Control Quality and the Duration of Customer-Supplier Relationships

ABSTRACT Internal controls influence information quality, thus affecting the ability of supply chain partners, who rely on collaborative systems of information sharing, to reliably contract. Using SOX-related internal control assessments as a proxy for internal control quality and U.S. GAAP-mandated major customer disclosures, we find that supplier internal control quality influences supply chain relationship duration. Specifically, our evidence demonstrates that: (1) poor internal control quality increases the likelihood of subsequent customer-supplier relationship termination; (2) timely control weakness remediation attenuates termination likelihood; and (3) weaknesses affecting customer contracting drive the effect of internal control quality on relationship termination. Our results control for supplier operational quality and performance, and are robust to propensity score matching techniques, controls for reverse causality, and alternative proxies for relationship termination and internal control quality. Overall, our findings are consistent with customers viewing strong supplier controls as important, albeit overlooked, contracting elements with significant implications for supply chain relationships.

Is the End Really the End? Prevalence and Correlates of College Women’s Intentions to Return to an Abusive Relationship

Fifty-six college women completed surveys before and after terminating an abusive, heterosexual dating relationship. Whereas 64% of women had contact with their abusive partner post break-up, only 14% reported a moderate to high likelihood that they would return. Intentions to return were prospectively predicted by fewer perceived quality of alternatives, and cross-sectional correlates of intentions to return were being single, shorter time since relationship termination, having contact with one’s abusive ex-partner, and social pressure to return. These data can be used to inform intervention and advocacy efforts and to guide future research.