Fear of COVID-19 and religious coping mediate the associations between religiosity and distress among older adults

Background: A mediation model was proposed to explain how religiosity, religious coping, and fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) explained anxiety and depression among older adults. Methods: With the use of a cross-sectional design, the Integrated Health System was used to randomly invite 1000 older adults residing in Qazvin to participate in an online survey. Within the period of November 2020 to January 2021, 696 older Iranian adults (mean age=69.56years; 57.9% women) agreed to participate in the study and reported demographic information as well as measures of religiosity, fear of COVID-19, religious coping, anxiety, and depression. Results: Religiosity had direct effects on depression (B [SE]=-0.087 [0.037]; P=0.023) but not anxiety (B [SE]=-0.063 [0.036]; P=0.072). Moreover, both fear of COVID-19 and religious coping significantly mediated the association between religiosity and anxiety (B [SE]=-0.360[0.035]; p=0.002) and that between religiosity and depression (B [SE]=-0.365 [0.034];P=0.002). Conclusion: During the tough time of COVID-19 pandemic, religiosity and religious coping were protectors for older adults in developing good mental. Therefore, future research is needed to examine education programs that are effective for older adults to obtain correct knowledge concerning COVID-19, including the protective COVID-19 infection behaviors. Therefore, older adults may reduce their fear via their enhanced correct knowledge concerning COVID-19.

Resiliensi, Religiositi dan Depresi dalam kalangan Mahasiswa Muslim: Satu Tinjauan di Universiti Tempatan (Resilience, Religiosity and Depression among Muslim Students. A Survey at Local University)

Kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengkaji tahap, hubungan, dan pengaruh tahap resiliensi, religiositi dan depresi dalam kalangan mahasiswa di sebuah universiti tempatan. Seramai 196 orang mahasiswa terdiri daripada 50 orang mahasiswa lelaki dan 146 mahasiswa perempuan yang majoritinya berumur antara 21 hingga 23 tahun dipilih secara rawak sebagai responden kajian. Tiga instrumen digunakan iaitu The Resilience Scale (TRS) bagi mengukur resiliensi, The Muslim-Religious Personality Inventory (MRPI) digunakan untuk menilai religiositi dan Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II) digunakan untuk mengukur tahap depresi. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan majoriti mahasiswa berada pada tahap resiliensi yang sederhana. Manakala tahap religiositi responden adalah tinggi dan depresi mereka berada pada tahap rendah. Selain itu, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara religiositi dengan depresi dan religiositi dengan resiliensi. Hasil kajian ini juga menunjukkan bahawa religiositi mempengaruhi depresi mahasiswa. Walau bagaimanapun, dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa resiliensi tidak mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan depresi. Selain itu, kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa tidak terdapat perbezaan resiliensi, religiositi dan depresi antara mahasiswa lelaki dan mahasiswa perempuan. Dapatan kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi panduan kepada kaunselor di Pusat Kaunseling Universiti Utara Malaysia untuk mengetahui keadaan resiliensi, religiositi dan depresi pelajar di UUM sekaligus memanfaatkan maklumat tersebut dalam perancangan aktiviti-aktiviti yang bersesuaian dengan pembangunan modal insan para pelajar.

Connecting the dots: understanding the relationship between religiosity, psychological resilience and depression in breast cancer patients

<br/><b>Introduction:</b> Death anxiety, fear of abundance, isolation, stigma of the disease and medication side effects are among the most common sources of anxiety and depression in patients with breast cancer. <br/><b>Purpose:</b> To examine the possible relationship between religiosity, psychological resilience and depression on breast cancer patients. <br/><b>Materials and methods:</b> A cross-sectional design was employed in this study which 152 breast cancer patients participated. Data were collected with the following instruments: Patient Health Questionnaire-2-item scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 and Centrality of Religiosity Scale and a special designed sheet reporting social, demographic and clinical characteristics. Statistical analyses were conducted with the Statistical Package for the Social Science V25. Descriptive statistics such means, and frequencies were calculated and inferential statistics such correlation test, simple and multiple regression analysis were applied. <br/><b>Results:</b> Approximately 1 in 3 patients suffered symptoms of depression while they were reporting moderate religiosity and resilience values. Based on the four-step mediation analysis religiosity was strongly associated with psychological resilience but it was not found to affect directly either depression, but psychological resilience can be a mediator between religiosity and depression. <br/><b>Conclusion:</b> This study supports the notion thatreligiosity and spirituality can have a beneficial influence on health outcomes.

Religiosity and Depression among a National Sample of Adolescents

This study examined religiosity and adolescent depression through a retrospective analysis viadata from the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. A national sample of adolescents aged12-17 years (n = 17,399) served as the participants of this study. Demographic characteristics were deter-mined by conducting frequency distributions. Odds ratios were computed to determine whether past year(2012) MDE differed based on adolescent involvement in religiosity. Multivariable logistic regressionanalyses were computed to examine whether past year MDE differed based on adolescent involvement inreligiosity for males and for females. Findings indicated that 9.7% of adolescents had a Major DepressiveEpisode (MDE) within the past year. Males at highest risk were those who did not feel their religious be-liefs were an important part of their life or that it was important their friends share their religious beliefs.Females at highest risk were those who did not feel their religious beliefs influence their decisions or thatit was important that their friends share their religious beliefs. Such findings may indicate that certainaspects of religious involvement may provide protective effects against adolescent MDE.