PREVENTION OF PLAGIARISM THROUGH EDUCATION

Plagiarism is non-academic behavior and a gross violation of academic integrity. Students, as members of the academic community, should respect the principles of academic conduct. They should not engage in plagiarism, but condemn it. However, plagiarism is present, so it is necessary to consider the causes of this phenomenon in order to prevent it. This paper presents the results of a research, whose goal was to determine the degree of knowledge, the need for education and the way of educating students about plagiarism and the rules of academic writing. In order to understand the problem of plagiarism and to prevent it, surveys of both students and teachers’ opinions were conducted. The research showed that students are partially familiar with the concept and types of plagiarism and academic writing, and that there is a need for them to gain more knowledge or expand their knowledge on these topics. Two models of student education were proposed: through a specific subject of academic writing or organizing various seminars, workshops, courses, or similar.

A University in Zion: Max Weber and Gershom Scholem on Jewish Eschatology and Academic Labor

In his “Science as Vocation,” Weber equates rational academic conduct with Jewish ethics. For Weber, the Jewish tradition, which separates moral conduct from messianism, is emblematic of scientists’ strenuous distinction of empiricism from metaphysics. The emergence of a Zionist university in Jerusalem, an institute that was positioned as a part of a Jewish nation-building project, complicated this parallel. This article examines Gershom Scholem's activist approach to Jewish studies as a fundamental revision of the Weberian model of scholarship with the significant role that this model destines to the Jewish tradition. Scholem's vision of scholarship at the Zionist university constitutes Jewish eschatology as a pillar of a scholastic national tradition. Scholem's portrayal of Jewish messianism as an insular tradition overturns Weber's portrayal of Jewish ethics as a lesson for Western academia. Reading Scholem with Weber shows that the enterprise of founding a university in Jerusalem ran counter to European liberal conceptions of Judaism. Moreover, reading them together shows Scholem's notion of academic labor to reinstitute a separatist theological ethos as a formative model for scholarship.

Student's perceptions of ethics and academic integrity

This study aims to increase the degree of accountability of educational actors with respect to ethics and academic integrity, by determining the degree of knowledge and compliance with the rules governing ethical and academic conduct, identifying risk factors leading to violation of ethical rules and providing remedial control mechanisms. In this regard, we present a case study carried out with students of the five faculties of the Petroleum and Gas University of Ploiesti. The data are obtained via a questionnaire, analysed and presented tabularly and graphically and the results are explained analytically.

Parent-adolescent relationship characteristics and adolescent cannabis use: A growth curve analysis

Background: Adolescent cannabis misuse may be associated with serious academic, conduct, and health problems. Identifying factors associated with adolescent cannabis misuse over time may provide insight to address these factors in interventions. Parent-adolescent relationship characteristics (i.e., attachment, discipline) have been linked to adolescent cannabis misuse and may be important factors to study. Objectives: We investigated time-varying associations between parent-adolescent relationship domains and weekly adolescent-reported cannabis misuse. We hypothesized that during times when parents reported less positive aspects of their relationship with their adolescents, adolescents would report higher levels of cannabis misuse. Methods: Data were drawn from a community clinic treatment study for adolescents with substance use and co-occurring psychiatric disorders (n=110; average age=15.71; 57.3% male). Latent growth modeling with time-varying predictors (parent-adolescent relationship characteristics) was used to examine if the associations between adolescent cannabis misuse and relational frustration, discipline, and attachment varied across the study period (baseline, 3-, 6-, and 12-months). Results: Weekly cannabis misuse significantly increased over time, even after accounting for parental relationship characteristics. When parents rated higher levels of relational frustration relative to their average level of frustration, adolescents reported higher cannabis misuse at all study periods except 12-month follow-up. Conclusion: Results support the importance of considering how specific aspects of the parent-adolescent relationship, in this case elevated parental frustration, are associated with adolescent cannabis misuse during treatment and after its completion. Findings suggest parental relationship frustration is a key factor to assess and address within individually tailored interventions for co-occurring cannabis misuse and psychiatric disorders.

Comparative Analysis of the Codes of Ethics in Top Universities in Romania

The chapter aims to decipher some aspects (of form and content) of the codes of ethics that are present and in force within the representative academic communities in Romania. The main thesis is that in the Romanian university system there is still no unitary practice in respecting the norms of academic conduct, on the background of implicit university autonomy, which can explain some negative consequences recorded throughout the social life, from the pre-university education system to the decision-making structures.

A Critical Analysis

The University of Botswana (UB) has set high standards for student conduct aimed at maintaining its vision to be a leading center of academic excellence in Africa and the world. The institution pursues excellence by establishing high entrance requirements and strict regulations governing academic conduct. Students are expected to uphold the tenets of excellence through (among others) accountability for their performance and honesty in their pursuit of academic goals. Despite the high standards, cases of academic misconduct still occur. This chapter explores the reasons behind unsanctioned academic behavior by students. Further, the meaning of academic misconduct at the UB and how it is addressed will be discussed. This work will also interrogate the gap between institutional expectations and student behavior to find mutually beneficial ways to attain excellence.

The missing meso: Variation in staff experiences of an academic practice initiative and lessons for educational change

This paper examines variation in change agents' experiences of an intended culture change, following their implementation of an organisation-wide initiative at a single university. The purpose of the initiative was to promote better understanding of a range of academic practice and academic conduct issues amongst students and staff, and generate an institution-wide culture change. The change agents were interviewed and resulting data analysed using the phenomenographic approach, from which four qualitatively different conceptions were developed. The results suggest that a full culture change has not occurred, but that instances of localised changes have taken place. Drawing on two theoretical models, it is argued that in initiatives of this type, greater account needs to be taken of the meso level – cultures and practices in departmental and programme contexts – and that such meso level considerations should be used to complement central planning approaches adopted by academic leaders who design such initiatives.