Potential of Earthworm (Perionyx Excavatus) in food treatment in Ho Chi Minh City

In Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, there are about 9 thousand tons of domestic waste every day and 73% of them are treated by using landfill sites [2]. With the population growth rate in recent years, the generated waste volume will then increase in the future and is estimated to reach a total of around 13 thousand tons that could cost Ho Chi Minh City about 260 thousand dollars in treating this waste in 2025 [3]. Although this treatment method is not without advantages, the downsides will be far more significant. Moreover, in recent years, the cultivation of Perionyx Excavatus, a species that had been reported to have the ability to treat organic waste in some foreign articles, has become increasingly popular in Vietnam. So, this research was aimed to evaluate the potentiality of Earthworm (Perionyx Excavatus) for food waste management of households in Lab-scale in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. According to this study, the average outdoor humidity and temperature of Ho Chi Minh City are higher than optimal conditions to raise Earthworm. In addition, the percentage of biomass is highest when rising the proportion of food waste and cow dung 4:6, respectively. It’s a point for encourage the applying Earthworm (Perionyx Excavatus) for food waste management in Ho Chi Minh.

Discovering Nano-Nutraceutical concepts, existing knowledge and future perceptions

Nanotechnology is a vital progressive technology facilitating role, progress, and viable effect on food, treatment, medicine, cultivation and farming sector. A nutraceutical is characterized as an ingredient that is related to food and gives medical compensations to the human being, including the prevention and healing of illness. The well-being and health of people are to a great extent, directed by the utilization of nutritious diets. Further numerous investigations have connected good diets as supportive in fighting various deteriorating communicable and non-communicable diseases. There are various studies that explore the relationship between health promotion and various plant and animal food. Although, a considerable number of naturally arising health-promotion constituents are the source of plants, there are various physiologically dynamic parts in animal items that have worth considering for their possible function in ideal well-being. Moreover, the utilization of naturally active constituents in leafy foods and fruits has been connected to fighting various illnesses, such as malignant growth, cardiovascular illnesses, weight, and gastrointestinal problems.

'Critical Study Of Konkan Territory Of Maharashtra State w.s.r. To The Concept Of Desha ln Ayurveda'

Background- Desha Pariksha (examination) has been mentioned in the Charaka Samhita (cha.vi.8/84) which is considered as the oldest and the most authentic treatise of Ayurveda. Ayurveda has described three types of Desha viz. Jangl , Anup and Sadharan. Desha also known as Bhumi refers to the natural inhabitant of an individual. Desha is one of the factors which have to be assessed in ascertaining the Hetu (etiological factors) and also in deciding the treatment. Climate, diseases, food, treatment and so many factors may vary according to desh (habitat). An attempt has been made to critically analyse the konkan region of the state Maharashtra considering present climate conditions and geography in comparison to the concept of Ayurvedic desha description. Methods- Authentic government web portals of this region have been visited to know the present climatic situations. Various research papers were also reviewed to discern the territory from other parts of the state. Conclusion- After scrutinizing the facts over the past few years; it has been found that most of the regions of konkan fall under excess rainfall terrain. Flora and fauna is similar to that of wetland. The Konkan region of the Maharashtra State can be compared with Anup desha in Ayurveda.

Internal cost control of health resort institutions: Methodological aspects

Subject. This article analyzes the activities of therapeutic resort and spa facilities from the point of view of the social importance of the population's health. It discusses the problems of improving the system of cost control and calculating the cost of a unit of services provided by these facilities to obtain reliable information and optimize the costs. Objectives. Based on the analysis of statistical information and scientific sources, the article aims to form an opinion on the state of the health resort complex, the structure of costs, and their share by items and elements in the total amount of production costs, and develop a methodology for their continuous control, taking into account the industry specifics to minimize risks. Methods. For the study, we used analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, literature review, and the calculation, graphical, accounting and analytical methods. Results. The article finds that the service provided by the health resort industry organizations is complex (accommodation, food, treatment) and therefore, it has a multi-element cost structure, which entails certain financial, tax, management risks that need continuous monitoring. Conclusions and Relevance. The proposed methodology helps to continuously control the costs of a multi-component service provided by economic entities of the health resort sector, optimizing them taking into account the industry specifics. This makes it possible to make this service more accessible to all segments of the population. The results of the study can be used in the theory and practice of internal cost control and the formation of the cost of a unit of services provided by the health resort institutions, as well as for further scientific developments and practical application.

Food waste treatment option selection through spherical fuzzy AHP

In line with the increase in consciousness on sustainability in today’s global world, great emphasis has been attached to food waste management. Food waste is a complex issue to manage due to uncertainties on quality, quantity, location, and time of wastes, and it involves different decisions at many stages from seed to post-consumption. These ambiguities re-quire that some decisions should be handled in a linguistic and ambiguous environment. That forces researchers to benefit from fuzzy sets mostly utilized to deal with subjectivity that causes uncertainty. In this study, as a novel approach, the spherical fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (SFAHP) was used to select the best food treatment option. In the model, four main criteria (infrastructural, governmental, economic, and environmental) and their thirteen sub-criteria are considered. A real case is conducted to show how the proposed model can be used to assess four food waste treatment options (composting, anaerobic digestion, landfilling, and incineration). Also, a sensitivity analysis is generated to check whether the evaluations on the main criteria can change the results or not. The proposed model aims to create a subsidiary tool for decision makers in relevant companies and institutions.

Soviet soldiers of the Great Patriotic War rescued from starvation by foreign humanitarian missions in 1921-1923s

The paper draws attention to such an important historical aspect as the connection between foreign humanitarian activities in Soviet Russia and Ukraine during the famine of 1921-1923 and the participation of the people of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War. It is well known that during the famine of 1921-1923, a large number of foreign aid organizations functioned in Russia and Ukraine and provided food, treatment and clothing to several million starving children who were doomed to death without outside help. Some of these organizations opened orphanages on the territory of the RSFSR for homeless children and children left without parental care. Many of those men and women who went to war in 1941-1945 were saved during the famine by foreign organizations. Thanks to modern databases of digitized documents on the Great Patriotic War, it becomes possible to trace the military fate of these people. The paper, based on the materials of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the National Archive of Sweden, provides specific examples of the fate of participants in the Great Patriotic War, who were saved in 1922-1923 by the Red Cross organizations of Sweden and the Netherlands.

Specific therapy and emergency prevention of flu

Influenza A and B epidemics, occasionally pandemics, are characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. In most cases, an uncomplicated disease ends with recovery, but unfavorable outcomes, up to lethal, are possible, especially in premature, low birth weight, infants and young children, old people, pregnant and postpartum women, with chronic diseases, immunocompromised, receiving salicylates and anticoagulants. The use of modern diagnostic methods allows early detection of patients with influenza, distinguishing them from the total number of patients with respiratory infections. This allows you to optimize the timing of the examination, avoid unnecessary prescription of antibiotics, and timely prescribe specific chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis. During epidemics, in the presence of an epidemiological history, the conclusion of the clinician is decisive for the diagnosis. Vaccination is an excellent method of preventing or relieving the flu. However, in case of an unfavorable course of the disease, in risk groups, in closed groups, it is recommended to use chemotherapy, pre-exposure or post-exposure chemoprophylaxis. Numerous studies have proven the effectiveness of the use of the drug oseltamivir, a specific blocker of the virus neuraminidase. As a result, its replication stops. The drug does not complicate the vaccination, it can be used in vaccinated people, in all age groups, is available in different dosages, and can be used with food. Treatment for uncomplicated influenza lasts 5 days. In certain situations, chemoprophylaxis and chemotherapy with the specific antiviral drug oseltamivir can help control influenza outbreaks in certain populations.

The conserved regulator of autophagy and innate immunity hlh-30/TFEB mediates tolerance of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in Caenorhabditis elegans

Infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an emerging life-threatening issue worldwide. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157: H7 (EHEC) causes hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome via contaminated food. Treatment of EHEC infection with antibiotics is contraindicated because of the risk of worsening the syndrome through the secreted toxins. Identifying the host factors involved in bacterial infection provides information about how to combat this pathogen. In our previous study, we showed that EHEC colonizes in the intestine of Caenorhabditis elegans. However, the host factors involved in EHEC colonization remain elusive. Thus, in this study, we aimed to identify the host factors involved in EHEC colonization. We conducted forward genetic screens to isolate mutants that enhanced EHEC colonization and named this phenotype enhanced intestinal colonization (Inc). Intriguingly, four mutants with the Inc phenotype showed significantly increased EHEC-resistant survival, which contrasts with our current knowledge. Genetic mapping and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed that these mutants have loss-of-function mutations in unc-89. Furthermore, we showed that the tolerance of unc-89(wf132) to EHEC relied on HLH-30/TFEB activation. These findings suggest that hlh-30 plays a key role in pathogen tolerance in C. elegans.

New recommendations of the American College of Rheumatology for the patient management with gout (2020). Review on some points

In May 2020, the updated recommendations of the American College of Rheumatology on the patient management with gout were published. The focus was on the indications for urate-lowering therapy (ULT) and its optimal use, treatment of gout flares, and the importance of lifestyle. A consensus based on current literature and patient preferences resulted in 42 recommendations. The sixteen highly recommended provisions included the following: ULT should be prescribed to all patients with tophi, radiological signs of joint damage or frequent gout flares; allopurinol should be preferred as a ULT first-line drug, including for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) above stage III; ULT regimen should begin at a low initial dose of allopurinol (<100 mg/day and below in CKD) or febuxostat (<40 mg/day); the treatment tactics should achieve the goal with dose titration under the control of the serum uric acid (SUA) level to maintain <6 mg/dL (<360 mmol/L). At the beginning of treatment, concomitant anti-inflammatory prophylactic therapy of at least 3–6 months was strongly recommended. Colchicine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or glucocorticoids (oral, intra-articular, or intramuscular) were suggested for the treatment of gout flares. The purpose of this publication was to inform physicians decision-making on the gout treatment about the patient management algorithm and the need to achieve the target level of SUA to prevent flares and complications of the disease. KEYWORDS: gout, hyperuricemia, clinical recommendations, urate-lowering therapy, diet, lifestyle, food, treatment. FOR CITATION: Gromova M.A., Tsurko V.V. New recommendations of the American College of Rheumatology for the patient management with gout (2020). Review on some points. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(2):89–95. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-2-89-95.