MorphGlaze: Point of Detection Device for the estimation of Morpholine on coated fruits and vegetables

Besides the fact that it rhymes, it was never stated which apple do we like to eat, does it a bright red wax coated or ungloss fresh/natural one? Morpholine is a common solvent and emulsifier to give an “attractive look” to fruits/vegetables to help them last longer and remains shiny and fresh even during prolonged transit. Morpholine alone does pose a health risk but when it combines with atmospheric and dietary nitrates, it forms the potent carcinogen N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR). Excessive formation of NMOR can cause multiple primary neoplasms in the respiratory, upper digestive tracts, and liver.

CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF OVARIAN NEOPLASMS IN GRODNO REGION

Background. When providing specialized medical care and planning preventive measures, analysis of epidemiological data is instrumental in determining what should be done to reduce morbidity and mortality from ovarian malignant neoplasms (OMNs) within the given scenario. Purpose of research. To study the epidemiological situation with OMNs in the Grodno region. Material and methods. The OMN incidence and indicators of the quality of oncological care in the Grodno region were analyzed according to the data obtained from the Belarusian cancer registry. Results. Since 2007, the OMN morbidity and mortality rates have been relatively stable. In most cases, the diagnosis of malignant ovarian pathology has been based on the results of a pathomorphological investigation. The histological variant of the neoplasm significantly affects the prognosis for life. The most common neoplasms are serous ovarian carcinomas (69%). Neoplasms of non-epithelial origin occur in 8% of all cases. About 16% of women have multiple primary neoplasms with ovarian involvement. In most cases of metachronous development of polyneoplasia the ovarian neoplasm occurs last. The analysis of the age-specific morbidity showed that OMN was most often (52%) diagnosed at the age of 46-65 years. During the study period, about 70% of neoplasms were diagnosed at a later stage, 10% of patients were incurable and received only symptomatic therapy. The indicators of the quality of oncological care demonstrate an increase in the number of cases diagnosed at an early stage. In 2019, in the Grodno region, OMNs of stage I-II were diagnosed in 42% of patients. Conclusion. To improve oncological care for the population and reduce morbidity and mortality from OMNs, it is necessary to develop and implement a set of measures aimed primarily at early diagnosis of the disease and prevention of neoplasm development in the case of primary multiple forms.

SYSCHRONOUS PRIMARY THYROID, LUNG AND COLON CANCERS: A CASE REPORT

Multiple primary neoplasms are relatively rare, but their incidence has increased because of aging and improvements in diagnostic imaging. There are many ways to classify, but nowadays, multiple primary cancers are again classified as synchronous and metachronous, the time is 6 months after the first primary injury detection, some authors get 12 months. Our clinical case is a 66-year-old man, prolonged exposure to risk factors for cancer. The patient was diagnosed with different types of primary cancer, colon cancer, thyroid cancer, lung cancer, and stomach cancer. The patient was treated according to the general clinical guidelines suitable for the disease type and the stage of the disease at the time of detection. Lesson learned is the importance of screening tests, attitudes, and comprehensive views of doctors for cancer patients, avoiding missing injuries, affecting the quality of treatment for patients.

The Problem of Timely Diagnosis of Multiple Primary Colon Cancer

Multiple primary colon cancer is an urgent medical problem of our time, which is associated with a steady increment in the incidence of the above disease and with the high complexity of its diagnosis. According to the literary sources, the incidence of this form of cancer of the colon has recently amounted to as much as 17% among all multiple primary neoplasms and this organ is a very common site. The paper describes a clinical case confirming the need for a thorough diagnosis of multiple primary colon cancer, by applying radiation techniques to further define treatment policies.

MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF ORPHAN SYNDROMES ASSOCIATED WITH NUMEROUS TYPES OF CANCER IN CHILDREN

Sarcomas and brain tumors in children are a heterogeneous group of tumors, more than 7% of which may be a component of the Li-Fraumeni and Li-Fraumeni-like syndromes. The recognition these syndromes prior the adequate molecular testing is not always possible. This leads to late the diagnosis of tumor and not always adequate treatment. There are presented results of the molecular genetics diagnosis of the disease in four children with neoplasm arising in different organs and different periods in their life, between 2000 and 2015. Based on next-generation sequencing (NGS), test systems multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, Segner’s sequencing were detected a germline mutations of ТР53 gene in all children and some their relatives. Mutation in the gene ТР53, exon 7, с.С742Т (р.R248W) was reviled in one of these children, which inherited from his father affected multiple primary tumors. Besides, in this child discovered the second germinal missense mutation in the gene PPARG с.С254А (pP85Q), which inherited from the mother. Two missense mutations in the TP53 gene, exon 6 [c.619G> A (P.D207N) and c.644G> T (P.S215I)] identified in the second child, that inherited from the unaffected mother. The TP53 mutation exon 4, s.C328T (P.R110C) was revealed in the third child and the same mutations were detected in the child's mother and her 4 years old sister, who were healthy. Detected variants mutations indicated incomplete penetrance. The disease of the fourth child with intragenic deletion of exon 10 [c. (+ 11196- 1195 (1302 + 1_1303-1) del, P. (Ile332 ProfsTer14)] had the most aggressive course, with the development of 6 primary neoplasm. All identified genotypes had led to varying severity of disease symptoms in children. It is showed that the basis for the testing of mutations in the TP53 gene in children is early age of sarcomas, brain tumors and multiple primary neoplasms. Genetic TP53 testing should be offered their first-degree relatives. Because carriers of TP53 mutations have the risk of the other primary malignancy, they should be under active medical observing for life.

Concurrent squamous cell carcinoma and hemangiosarcoma in the cornea of a cat

A 14-year-old, female, spayed Domestic Shorthair cat was presented for evaluation of a dark red mass occupying about 75% of the cornea of the left eye. Furthermore, the eye presented upper eyelid trichiasis, lower eyelid entropion and a marked symblepharon. The fellow eye presented upper eyelid trichiasis, lower eyelid entropion, extensive symblepharon and chronic stromal ulcerative keratitis. Based on the results of a corneal biopsy of the left eye, a corneal squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed and an enucleation was performed subsequently. Histopathology of the globe revealed the presence of variably sized, vascular-like, blood-filled channels in the superficial corneal stroma, lined by spindle cells. In the central cornea, a markedly hyperplastic epithelium was noticed with infiltration of atypical corneal epithelial cells into the superficial stroma. A primary corneal hemangiosarcoma associated with a primary corneal squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed. In this case report, the rare presence of multiple primary neoplasms within the same anatomical structure is described.