THE TAMBOS OF THE PERUVIAN RURAL TERRITORY: A SYSTEMATIC CATALOG PROPOSAL AS DESIGN STRATEGY

The tambos are small buildings that function as social platforms in Peruvian rural areas to provide essential services to the entire vulnerable and dispersed rural population. The Peruvian government intends to implement more than a thousand new tambos in the national territory. However, this social infrastructure program faces heterogeneous conditions and demands according to Peru’s geographical and population complexity. This article proposes developing a systematic catalog of modular components as a design strategy for the architectural approach of future tambos. Georeferenced data and climate design guidelines were used to conduct this study. As a result, the systematic catalog synthesizes critical variables such as natural regions and programmatic requirements to generate diverse architectural configurations of the new tambos. Therefore, these future buildings would be optimally articulated in different areas of influence under a systematic vision of the Peruvian rural territory.

Mitigation of Long-Term Human Capital Losses from Natural Disasters: Evidence from the Philippines

The detrimental effects of natural disasters on human capital during childhood are well-documented. However, little is known about whether, and to what extent, these impacts can be mitigated in the long term. This study analyzes whether a school infrastructure program can mitigate the adverse effects of extreme weather shocks on long-term children's education and labor market outcomes. This article uses a triple difference model that exploits the geographic variation of super-typhoons combined with the age-cohort exposure to, and spatial variation of, a secondary school infrastructure program in the Philippines. This study finds that the school infrastructure program almost entirely mitigated the negative effect of typhoons on educational attainment. These differential effects of the program on education among typhoon-affected children are also associated with their higher likelihood of working in a high-skilled occupation, in the non-agricultural sector, and of migrating overseas.

Mexico

The Federation of Mexico, with 31 States and Mexico City, has a population of 129 million people with large and diverse infrastructure needs. Successive Mexican governments have recognized the importance of public investment for promoting economic growth and have given priority to infrastructure needs in the National Development Plan and the National Infrastructure Program. Some progress has been made; however, large infrastructure needs remain.