Double-atom catalysts for energy-related electrocatalysis applications: a theoretical perspective

Due to the excellent activity, selectivity, and stability, atomically dispersed metal catalysts with well-defined structures have attracted intensive research attention. As the extension of single-atom catalyst (SAC), double-atom catalyst (DAC) has recently emerged as a research focus. Compared with SAC, the higher metal loading, more complicated and flexible active site, easily tunable electronic structure, and the synergetic effect between two metal atoms could provide DACs with better catalytic performance for a wide range of catalytic reactions. This review aims to summarize the recent advance in theoretical research on DACs for diverse energy-related electrocatalytic reactions. It starts with a brief introduction to DACs. Then an overview of the main experimental synthesis strategies of DACs is provided. Emphatically, the catalytic performance together with the underlying mechanism of the different electrocatalytic reactions, including nitrogen reduction reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, and oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions, are highlighted by discussing how the outstanding attributes mentioned above affect the reaction pathway, catalytic activity, and product selectivity. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for the development of DACs are prospected to shed fresh light on the rational design of more efficient catalysts at the atomic scale in the future.

Porous organic polymers for electrocatalysis

The application of porous organic polymers in various electrocatalytic reactions has been systematically summarized.

Stability of Single-Atom Catalysts for Electrocatalysis

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted significant attention in recent years for their maximum atomic utilization and high efficiency in a series of electrocatalytic reactions. However, the atomic-dispersed metal atoms have...