Abstract::
Male infertility is one of the major global health problems, in particular, in more than half of the affected men.
Genetic factors are important for identifying men with idiopathic infertility along with semen analysis. Valid and useful
information can be obtained through non-invasive molecular research. Among these, small single-stranded non-coding RNA
molecules of microRNAs (abbreviated miRNAs) are non-invasive biomarkers with a diagnostic value by regulating the
post-transcriptional gene silence through repression and prevention of the translation process. The association between
various types of male infertility and miRNA regulation changes has been evaluated to understand the biological function of
miRNA and gene targets. Accordingly, further study of the function of miRNAs associated with reproductive disorders
could lead researchers to further understand the molecular mechanisms of male infertility in order to find effective
biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. Therefore, the present review article aimed at scrutinizing those researches
investigating the altered miRNA expression in testicles, epididymis, and spermatozoa.