FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENGHAMBAT IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN BUREAUCRATIC TRIMMING DI PEMERINTAHAN KOTA BUKITTINGGI

The decision of the central government is unanimous, namely the Bureaucratic Trimming policy and must be immediately implemented by ministries / agencies as well as local governments. Although several K/Ls have completed implementing the simplification, it is not necessarily the case for local governments, including the Bukittinggi City Government. The dualism of directives and regulations from the Ministry of Empowerment of State Apparatus and Bureaucratic Reforms and the Ministry of Home Affairs hampered the implementation of this policy. So the purpose of this paper is to find out the inhibiting factors of the implementation of the Bureaucratic Trimming policy, especially in the Bukittinggi City Government. This is a qualitative research with data collection methods by means of in-depth interviews, non-participatory observation and review of related internal and external data sources. Determination of informants by means of purposive sampling. The findings where in the Communication Dimension, there are differences in the direction of the Minister of Empowerment of State Apparatus and Bureaucratic Reforms and the Minister of Home Affairs regarding the completion of the equalization of positions. The Resource Dimension, not all structural positions can be transferred to functional positions and the availability of several suitable functional positions. Furthermore, the loss of career patterns such as employee transfers and the fact that the simplification of the bureaucracy actually burdens the Bukittinggi City Budget. The dimensions of the Bureaucratic Structure, the finding of procedural confusion in terms of the focus of Bureaucratic Trimming, between prioritizing equalization of positions to functional or prioritizing simplifying structure. Finally, the Disposition Dimension, the Bukittinggi City Government fully complies with the central government's instructions by submitting a proposal for equalization of positions to functional in April 2021 to the Ministry of Home Affairs. However, with the issuance of Permenpan No. 17 of 2021, the city government of Bukittinggi is still waiting for further directions considering the guidance and supervision of the implementation of regional government is under the Ministry of Home Affairs. Keywords: Bureaucratic Trimming, Inhibiting Factors, Policy Implementation Abstrak Keputusan pemerintah pusat telah bulat yaitu kebijakan Penyederhanaan Birokrasi (Bureaucratic Trimming) dan harus segera dilaksanakan oleh kementerian/lembaga maupun pemerintah daerah. Meskipun beberapa K/L sudah rampung melaksanakan penyederhanaan dimaksud namun belum tentu bagi pemerintah daerah termasuk salah satunya Pemerintah Kota Bukittinggi. Adanya dualisme arahan maupun regulasi dari Kemenpan dan Kemendagri membuat implementasi kebijakan ini terhambat. Maka tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penghambat daripada implementasi kebijakan Bureaucratic Trimming khususnya di Pemerintah Kota Bukittinggi. Merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara mendalam, observasi non partisipatif dan penelaahan sumber data internal maupun eksternal yang terkait. Penentuan informan dengan cara Purposive Sampling. Hasil temuan dimana pada Dimensi Komunikasi, terdapatnya perbedaan arahan Menpan RB dan Mendagri terkait penyelesaian penyetaraan jabatan Dimensi Sumber Daya, tidak semua jabatan struktural dapat dialihkan ke jabatan fungsional serta belum tersedianya beberapa jabatan fungsional yang cocok. Selanjutnya hilangnya pola karier seperti mutasi pegawai dan fakta bahwa penyederhanaan birokrasi justru membebankan APBD Kota Bukittinggi. Dimensi Struktur Birokrasi, ditemukannya kerancuan prosedur dalam hal fokus Bureaucratic Trimming, antara mengutamakan melakukan penyetaraan jabatan ke fungsional atau mendahulukan melaksanakan penyerderhanaan struktur. Terakhir Dimensi Disposisi, Pemerintah Kota Bukittinggi sepenuhnya mematuhi instruksi pemerintah pusat dengan telah menyampaikan pengusulan penyetaraan jabatan ke fungsional pada Bulan April 2021 ke Kemendagri. Namun dengan terbitnya Permenpan No. 17 Tahun 2021, pemkot Bukittinggi masih menunggu arahan lebih lanjut mengingat pembinaan dan pengawasan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah adalah dibawah Kemendagri. Kata Kunci: Bureaucratic Trimming, Faktor Penghambat, Implementasi Kebijakan

REFORMASI BIROKRASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA APARATUR PADA DINAS KOPERASI, UMKM, PERDAGANGAN DAN PERINDUSTRIAN KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT

Cooperatives, SMEs and trade sector of South Pesisir have not been maximized in supporting the people’s economy. Even the number of cooperatives and SMEs of South Pesisir Regency is still relatively minimal that of 333 the number of cooperatives, only 221 active cooperatives and only 69 cooperative srunning RAT. Also from 4440 the number of SMEs only 210 who have received coaching. In order to make the Cooperatives, SMEs and Trade as the main sector in supporting the economy of South Pesisir community, it is necessary to improve the performance apparatur of the Cooperative, SME, Trade and The Industry of South Pesisir Regency in conducting the cooperative and SMEs in the South Pesisir Regency. So that needed Bureaucratic Reform in improving performance of apparatus of Cooperatives, SME, Trade and Industry office of South Pesisir Regency. This research aims to determine and describe the form of Bureaucratic Reform that is applied and its effect on the performance of apparatus in Cooperatives, SME, Trade and Industry Office of South Pesisir Regency of West Sumatra Province. This research uses Descriptive Method with Inductive approach and data collection technique using Triangulation technique consist of interview technique, observation, and documentation. This research concludes that Bureaucratic Reform has been applied well in Cooperatives, SME, Trade and Industry Office of South Pesisir Regency, so that have improved apparatus performance. However, the implementation of Bureaucratic Reforms leads to quite fundamental changes that require adjustment. Therefore, socialization related to the changes that occurred, the provision of new SOP hardcopy and supervision attached to the apparatus.

Corruption and Bureaucratic Reforms

In 2018, Denmark was the least corrupt country worldwide according to Transparency International. Such absence of corruption is an important ingredient in ‘Getting to Denmark’ and achieving well-functioning institutions. It is, however, a puzzle how a state can reach such a situation. Recent studies have suggested that critical junctures in the evolution of today’s levels of corruption can be traced through early and pragmatic bureaucratic reforms that efficiently fought corruption, thus preceding the onset of the modern welfare state. The question we raise is whether historical bureaucratic reforms can explain today’s low level of corruption in Denmark. We argue that the sum of eleven main bureaucratic reforms from 1660 to 1866 increased the costs of being corrupt among civil servants to an extent that exceeded their private benefits. Such historical lessons point to an ‘institutions matter’ model that may guide future anti-corruption efforts worldwide and probably lead to more social trust and socio-economic benefits.

Bureaucratic Reform: A Case Study in Secretariat General of the Ministry of Education and Culture

Bureaucratic reforms are remedial steps to government tasks and public services, building good governance. The scope of bureaucratic reforms involves not only processes and procedures, but also changes in organizational structure and mindset and behavior of the implementers. The aim of the study is to evaluate the implementation of bureaucratic reform policies carried out by the Secretariat General of the Ministry of Education and Culture. The purposive survey method is used in this study. 80 Echelon III and IV officials in the bureaus within the Secretariat General of the Ministry of Education and Culture participated in this study. The questionnaire was used as an instrument to collect the data in this study. There are three dimensions of bureaucratic reforms examined, namely the basis of reform, the agent of reform and the bureaucratic environment. It was found that bureaucratic reforms significantly influence organizational performance at the Secretariat General of the Ministry of Education and Culture. Bureaucratic reforms are characterized by a good basis of reforms, a strengthening of Human Resources as an agent of bureaucratic reforms and a conducive environment to support the success of bureaucratic reforms to be achieved by the Ministry of Education and Culture.

Bureaucracy and the Failure of Politics: Challenges to Democratic Governance

Bureaucratic reforms worldwide seek to improve the quality of governance. In this article, we argue that the major governance failures are political, not bureaucratic, and the first step to better governance is to recognize the underlying political causes. Using illustrations from throughout the world, we contend that political institutions fail to provide clear policy goals, rarely allocate adequate resources to deal with the scope of the problems, and do not allow the bureaucracy sufficient autonomy in implementation. Rational bureaucratic responses to these problems, in turn, create additional governance problems that could have been avoided if political institutions perform their primary functions.

Political Settlements and Bureaucratic Reforms: An Exploratory Analysis Focusing on Bangladesh

This article attempts to analyse contemporary reforms of public bureaucracy in Bangladesh from the perspective of ‘political settlements’. After elaborating the concept of political settlement and identifying critical reform initiatives in the public bureaucracy, it argues that variations in the state of the implementation of bureaucratic reforms are decidedly affected by the differences in the pattern of political settlements that the nation has experienced at various times since independence. Thus, in the process of consolidating dominant power coalitions, reform measures were subverted, and formal and informal privileges given to the public bureaucracy resulted in inefficient, ineffective and unaccountable administration.

The Effect of Bureaucratic Reforms Implementation for Optimizing of Governance in Indonesia (Focus on the Public Service Innovation in Local Government Institutions)

The deep-rooted pathology in public services and the high demands on its quality improvementencourage the government to focus on service functions, especially during the Joko Widodoand Jusuf Kalla Administration. In line with Nawacita (nine programs), their electionpromise, and the bureaucratic reforms planning of 2015-2019, the improvement of publicservice delivery becomes one of the most important issues. This paper uses the descriptivemethod and inductive approach with interviews, observation, and documentation as datacollection techniques. The result shows that the Public Service Innovation Competitionheld by the Ministry of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reforms (PANRB)can generate innovations that succeeded in bringing changes and greatly affect theimplementation of the Bureaucratic Reforms to the optimization of governance in Indonesia,especially in local governments.Keywords: innovation, public service, bureaucratic reforms, good governance

Democracy, Decentralization and Efficientcy: A Study of Bureaucratic Reforms in Indonesia

This research will investigate how bureaucratic reforms in the context of decentralization impact on state bureaucratic capacity in Indonesia. It argues that bureaucratic reforms in Indonesia has resultin a two-particular political outcomes. Firstly, to strengthen government political control over the bureaucracy by swinging back the decentralization approach toward a prefectoral system as a mean of changing the political arena in their favor, and, secondly, to gain popular support. In this way, bureaucracy reforms have indeed increased efficiency of the public sector, butat the same time decrease its autonomy. Democracy, decentralization, hybrid regime, partial bureaucracy reforms.