Catalytic Performance of SO42-/TiO2 for the Conversion of High Fructose Corn Syrup

SO42-/TiO2 catalysts prepared by precipitation and impregnation method were used for the dehydration of carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in aqueous solution. Effects of various parameters and catalyst reuse towards catalytic performance of SO42-/TiO2 were studied in detail. Experimental results showed that calcine temperature and acid concentration had significant influence on the essential catalyst properties. SO42-/TiO2, treated with 0.50 mol/L H2SO4 and calcined at 773 K for 3 h, showed the best catalytic effect. The recovered catalyst after calcination was found to show slower deactivation rate compared to those without calcination.

The Microwave Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Silver Vanadate

Using one simple microwave synthesis method, take silver nitrate and vanadium(V) oxide as raw meterial to synthesize Silver Vanadate. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under visible light irradation showed that the photocatalytic activities of microwave synthetic samples were better than those of samples produced by conventional hydrothermal technique. This experiment is to discuss the impact of these factors upon the catalyst performance through the control of the calcine temperature, the quantity of hydrogen peroxide, pH, the concentration of methyl orange and the quantity of catalyst. When the catalyst was calcined at 500 °C ,0.1 g, and 0.5 mL hydrogen peroxide joinded as well as pH was 2.0, the degradation ratio of Ag3VO4 for methyl orange of 100 mL 5 mg/L reached 91.49％ in 40 min.

Preparation of Super-Fine Cerium Oxide Using Mechanically Chemical Method

The cerium oxide powder has been modified with mechanically chemical method. The effect of modifier, reaction time, calcine temperature, and amount of additives on the particle size, density, and hardness of super-fine cerium oxide was investigated. The complex super-fine cerium oxide powder was prepared, whose physical state and feature were characterized. The results show that modifier and powder may interact, which improves the properties of super-fine cerium oxide.

Preparation of Nano-Sized ZrO2 Powders by Polyvinyl Alcohol-Gel Method

Nano-Sized ZrO2 Powders Were Synthesized from ZrOCl2•8H2O by Polyvinyl Alcohol-Gel Technology, Using Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) as a Monomer and Glutaraldehyde (GA) as a Cross-Linking Reagent. The Stability of the Gel Was Affected by Concentration of PVA and GA, Volume of ZrOCl2•8H2O. Moderate Strength of Gel Was Synthesized by Raw Materials of PVA (2%), ZrOCl2•8H2O (30~40 g) and GA (10ml). Nano-Sized ZrO2 Was Obtained Finally, with Uniform Particle Size and Good Dispersibility, and Size Was about 20 nm. Doped ZrO2 with Stabilized Tetragonal Crystal Was Obtained at Room Temperature. The Effect of Calcine Temperature on Phase Structure of ZrO2 Powders Has Been Investigated.

Complex Activation of Coal Gangue to Al Compounds

The coal gangue was activated by calcine activation, calcine activation + mechanical activation (MA) complex activation. From the results of O2-TPO-MS and Ar-TPR-MS, we can speculate the reactions occurred during the coal gangue calcine activation processing. Effects of calcine temperature, calcine activation + MA complex activation, kinds of acid on the extraction percent of Al were investigated. The results of the extraction percent of Al and particle size analysis show that calcine (400~600 oC) activation and calcine (400~600 oC) + MA complex activation can enhance the extraction percent of Al and decrease the particle size. Much higher extraction percent of Al can be obtained with H2SO4 as acid medium than with HCl as acid medium for the coal gangue activated with the same condition.

Preparation of Portland Cement with Pumice

The portland cement clinker was successfully produced using pumice as the principal materials. Effects of different calcine temperature on cement clinker were studied. Phase compositions of clinker were confirmed by combining the phase diagram with X-ray diffraction. Microstructures of clinker were analyzed by scanning electron microscope. From the result of mechanical property showed that the compression strength of clinker can be reached 35MPa. The result of scanning electron microscope showed that the main hydrating products were CSH gels, AFt and CH crystals, the morphology of which were normal. With the prolongation of hydrating age, the hydrating products were richer and the cement paste was densified.

Thermodynamic and Kinetic Analyses of Calcined Kaolin Precursors Used for Synthesis of Mullite Nanocomposite

Mullite precursor was prepared from kaoline when calcined at 1250 °C，when the concentration of sodium hydroxide of 3 mol/l; crystallization temperature of 80 °C; holding time of 3 h and precursor concentration of 0.15 g/ml, the morphology of the prepared mullite nanocomposite appears spherical-like, and it has good crystallization property and low agglomeration, and the average size of the particles is about 60.9 nm. Both the thermodymics and kinetics of mullite precursor have been studied. The results are as follows: the reaction started when the calcine temperature T﹥495°C; mullite precursor formed when the reaction system temperature 1000 °C; the activation energy of precursor Ea=928.3 KJ/mol; the reaction order n=1.33. We have reported our successful experiments to use kaolin to synthesize mullite nanocomposite with satisfying, spherical morphology, relatively homogenous grain average size of 60.9 nm, and little aggregation[1-2]. This paper presents an investigation of the thermodynamics and kinetics of the precursor preparation process.