Survey of Nursing Staff’s Training on Early Warning Ability for Inpatients with “Three Infarcts and One Hemorrhage”

Background and Objective. Nursing staff’s cognition and training willingness on early warning ability of inpatients is an important measure to reduce the occurrence of adverse events and severe disease. In this article, we aim to understand the cognition and training needs of nursing staff in a tertiary referral center in Changsha City, Hunan Province, on the early warning ability of inpatients with myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, cerebral infarction, and dangerous hemorrhage (referred to as “three infarcts and one hemorrhage”). Methods. A total of 787 nursing staff in a tertiary referral center in Changsha City, Hunan Province, were selected using a convenient sampling method. We used an online questionnaire designed by ourselves to survey them. The content of the questionnaire primary included basic information, related knowledge of the nursing staff on the potential risk prediction and precontrol of inpatients with “three infarcts and one hemorrhage,” relevant information on improving early warning scores, management of clinical early warning, training needs, and training methods. Results. Over 50% of the nursing staff had little understanding about the risk warning knowledge of inpatients with “three infracts and one hemorrhage,” and the degree of understanding was related to education, job title, and working years. The nursing staff with higher education level or professional title or longer working experience have a better understanding of the risk warning knowledge of inpatients with “three infracts and one hemorrhage.” Conclusion. The cognitive competence of nursing staff in a tertiary referral center in Changsha City, Hunan Province, on the early warning ability of inpatients with “three infarcts and one hemorrhage” needs to be improved. Medical institutions should actively train nursing staff on early warning ability for inpatients with “three infarcts and one hemorrhage” to improve the nursing staff’s awareness and patients’ safety and efficiency.

Analysis of Prevalence, Influencing Factors, and Countermeasures of Short Stature in Children and Adolescents Aged 6∼14 in Furong District, Changsha City, in 2020

In recent years, children’s and adolescents’ growth and development issues have received increasing attention with the socioeconomic development. The etiology of child short stature involves heredity, race, sex, nutrition, and a variety of endocrine hormones, which is very complex. The age of 6∼14 is the key period of children’s development. Understanding the height characteristics, the prevalence of short stature, and its influencing factors at this stage and formulating preventive measures as soon as possible are conducive to improving the average height of children and reducing the incidence of short stature. In this study, cluster sampling was used to select 56,865 children and adolescents aged 6∼14 years old from 40 primary and secondary schools in Furong District of Changsha City, and the height of each child and adolescent was measured. The results showed that the overall crude prevalence of short stature in children aged 6∼14 in Furong District of Changsha is 2.82%. Growth hormone level <10 μg/L, pubertal retardation, familial short stature, low egg intake, and intrauterine growth retardation are independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of short stature. In order to improve the status quo of short stature of children aged 6∼14 in Furong District, Changsha City, targeted intervention should be strengthened for people with combined high risk factors.

Research on the Image Building of the Typical City and Ancient Town in the Southern China from the Perspective of Water Culture

With the rapid development of the economy and the acceleration of urbanization in China, the characteristics of traditional ancient towns are gradually assimilated by modern culture. Image is the characteristics and individuality of cities and ancient towns. Image building has also become an important means to enhance urban competitiveness, protect the characteristic culture of ancient towns and develop tourism in ancient towns. This research takes Changsha city and Jinggang ancient towns as examples, and based on physical water culture, behavioral water culture and spiritual water culture, which are analyzed and compared from the perspective of figuration and imagery. The results show that the water culture’s visualization has similar and different of these two places. The similarity is reflected in the obvious spatial development structure and derived water culture of the places. The differences are reflected in the following aspects: (1)Changsha city’s natural water landscapes such as scenic spots along the river, islands and scenic spots, ecological leisure parks, etc. Jinggang Ancient Town is dominated by temples, ancient theaters and other cultural attractions. (2) There are many ports, navigation junctions and modern water conservancy establishments in Changsha; Jinggang ancient town are well preserved about the ancient quay and other ancient water conservancy establishment. (3) Changsha City presents the urban spirit of “being the first and keeping the world in mind”. Jinggang Ancient Town believes in “Water God”. Combining the similarities and differences between the water cultural visualized of Changsha and Jinggang ancient town, it is proposed that Changsha should pay attention to protecting the water cultural heritage, Jinggang ancient town need to create natural water landscapes, and both regions need to increase water cultural activities. The suggestion provided reference for similar water culture building visualize of cities or ancient towns.

Analysis of Tradable Water Volumes of Industry in Water-Rich Areas of China: A Case Study of Changsha City

Tradable water volumes is one of the basic elements of water-rights trading. In China, water-rights transactions mostly occur in water-deficient areas. However, the water-rich areas are also facing serious water-shortage problems. It is necessary to stimulate the water-rights trading power in abundant water areas to improve water-resource predicament. This paper studied the concept and calculation method of tradable water volumes of industry. First, based on the property rights theory, we analyzed the concept of tradable water volumes, and put forward the preliminary determination of water-rights trading subjects. Then, we defined the tradable water volumes of industry as the difference between the initial water-rights allocation and the water demand of industry. We used the proportion method to calculate the initial water-rights allocation of industry under different runoff frequencies, and grey model (1,1) to predict the water demand of industry. Finally, we applied the calculation method to Changsha city which is in a water-rich area of China. The calculation results contribute to water-resource management in Changsha city. This paper will provide a theoretical basis for researching the tradable water volumes, and promote the development of water-rights trading in China’s water-rich areas.