Analysis of the electronic circuits of 11 W and 15 W compact fluorescent lamps

The introduction of electronic ballast in lighting systems design has dramatically revolutionized the lighting space. This is orchestrated by the entrance of the Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) and Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) into the lighting market. The CFLs currently being used in domestic and industrial lighting systems provide highly competitive alternatives to conventional incandescent lamps. The electronic ballast incorporated into the CFLs helps eliminate the flickering and slow starting flaws prevalent in traditional fluorescent lamps. To properly evaluate the performance characteristics and limitations of the CFLs, a critical analysis of its electronic circuit becomes imperative. To this end, this paper presents experimental and simulation analyses of the CFL circuits. To achieve this, two Futina CFL bulbs of 11W and 15W model YPZ220/11-BMSP RR/RDD and YPZ220/15-BMSP RR/RDD, respectively, were analyzed and experimentally verified. A function-based programming paradigm was applied to develop a graphical user interface (GUI) used for the circuits analyses. The GUI is designed using MATLAB graphical user interface development environment (GUIDE). Experiments were conducted to obtain the performance characteristics of the CFLs, and measurements show that the 11W lamp has a higher amplitude than the 15W lamp. However, both lamps show similar waveforms after 300 seconds. The maximum voltage amplitudes for both CFLs are the same, with a peak value of 218V. The current waveforms in the spectral domain gave a maximum amplitude of 0.3 A for the 11W CFL and 0.2 A for the 15W. The voltage frequency (0.00196) of both CFLs are the same, whereas the current frequencies are different. This indicates that the wattage of a CFL does not affect the frequency of its voltage waveform. The frequency of the 11W CFL current (0.00157) is higher than that of the 15W CFL current (0.00784). This implies that the higher the CFL wattage, the lower the frequency of its current waveform. Additionally, simulation results revealed that the key difference between the CFLs is the current total harmonic distortion (THDI), which increases with an increasing rated power of the CFL or the aggregation of a number of the smaller rated CFLs.

Characteristics of High-Power UV Lamps with Electronnic Ballasts

The article briefly describes the structure and the results of measurements of characteristics of low power(LP) amalgamate bactericidal lamps with rated power of 300 W (manufactured by R&D company LIT, Russia) combined with an electronic ballast designed by the authors. Distinctions and characteristics of this apparatus are described.

Adaptive signal processing for infrared wireless CDMA systems

Infrared system provides a feasible alternative to radio system for indoor wireless communication. Direct spread CDMA format is a promising candidate for infrared transmission system. In indoor systems, transmission is severely impaired by noise and interference produced by artificial light. In this thesis, the performance of the DS CDMA indoor wireless infrared system on diffuse channels is analyzed by taking the effects of inter symbol interference (ISI) and electronic ballast florescent light interference into account. Moreover, to mitigate the effects of ISI and electronic ballast florescent light interference, an adaptive filter technique is proposed for noise cancellation and equalization. This is done by considering a ceiling bounce model for the channel and electronic ballast florescent light for noise. Analytical and simulation results show 7dB improvement in SINR and 10-15 times improvement in BER.

Adaptive signal processing for infrared wireless CDMA systems

Infrared system provides a feasible alternative to radio system for indoor wireless communication. Direct spread CDMA format is a promising candidate for infrared transmission system. In indoor systems, transmission is severely impaired by noise and interference produced by artificial light. In this thesis, the performance of the DS CDMA indoor wireless infrared system on diffuse channels is analyzed by taking the effects of inter symbol interference (ISI) and electronic ballast florescent light interference into account. Moreover, to mitigate the effects of ISI and electronic ballast florescent light interference, an adaptive filter technique is proposed for noise cancellation and equalization. This is done by considering a ceiling bounce model for the channel and electronic ballast florescent light for noise. Analytical and simulation results show 7dB improvement in SINR and 10-15 times improvement in BER.

Simulation And Development Of Electronic Ballast for High Pressure Discharge Lamps

The advantages and disadvantages of using electromagnetic ballasts for power supply of high pressuredischarge lamps (HPDL) are considered. The advantages of using electronic ballasts for supplying HPDL are shown. The analysis is fulfilled of the operation of the HPDL when powered by a high-frequency current, in particular, high-pressure sodium lamps (HPSL). It is indicated that when high-pressure discharge lamps are supplied with a high-frequency current, acoustic resonance may appear. The basic requirements to be met by electronic ballasts for HPSL have been determined. The topology of construction of electronic ballasts for supplying HPDL with a capacity of up to 1 kW has been selected. It has been established that half-bridge converters with inductive ballast and active power factor corrector (PFC) allow maintaining a stable power on the lamp while changing its parameters and efficiency. Mathematical modelling of the electronic ballast based on a half-bridge converter and an ignition device for the sodium discharge lamps DNaT type has been carried out. According to the proposed topology, the electronic ballast was developed for a DNaT 600 lamp powered from the 380 V network. Test operation of the lamps confirmed the reliability of the proposed electronic ballast topology.

A Generalized Dynamic Conductance Model for High Intensity Discharge Lamps and its Prospective Application to Design Dimmable Electronic Ballast

A generalized model for high intensity discharge (HID) lamp is developed based on the Francis-Damelincourt dynamic conductance model of electric discharge by replacing the model constants A, B, C, D with four experimentally determined coefficient functions of rated lamp power and root mean square supply voltage. Experimental validation of this model is done, which shows a maximum deviation of about 5 %. Moreover, sensitivity analysis for the model coefficients is also performed, results of which conform to the physical behaviour of high pressure sodium (HPS) and metal halide (MH) lamps. This model is capable to simulate electrical characteristics of HPS and MH lamps of wide range of commercially available rated power (70–400) W fed by a wide range of supply voltage (180–250) V, 50 Hz. As a prospective application, the model is applied to design dimmable low frequency square wave electronic ballast for HID lamps. A design algorithm is proposed for this purpose. Performance analysis of the designed ballast is conducted in Matlab-Simulink environment, which shows fairly good performance of the circuit in terms of dimming accuracy (maximum deviation 2.64 %), lamp power factor (≥ 0.993), and lamp current crest factor (equal to 1.0). The model can also be utilized for designing electronic ballasts of other topologies.