Establishing exhaustive metasurface robustness against fabrication uncertainties through deep learning

Photonic engineered materials have benefitted in recent years from exciting developments in computational electromagnetics and inverse-design tools. However, a commonly encountered issue is that highly performant and structurally complex functional materials found through inverse-design can lose significant performance upon being fabricated. This work introduces a method using deep learning (DL) to exhaustively analyze how structural issues affect the robustness of metasurface supercells, and we show how systems can be designed to guarantee significantly better performance. Moreover, we show that an exhaustive study of structural error is required to make strong guarantees about the performance of engineered materials. The introduction of DL into the inverse-design process makes this problem tractable, enabling optimization runtimes to be measurable in days rather than months and allowing designers to establish exhaustive metasurface robustness guarantees.

Development of Antimicrobial Conjugates and Evaluating its Antibacterial potential and Wound Healing ability

Antimicrobial peptides from Streptomyces sp. and marine fish (Carangoides malabaricus) were extracted and developed as conjugates in the present study. The objective was framed to analyze the ability of conjugate to retard the growth of test bacteria causing diabetic foot ulcers. Fibroblast cell adhesion on AMP conjugates coated mesh samples were recorded using microscopic studies with an aim of developing a novel tissue engineered wound dressing material. Thus developed tissue engineered materials were evaluated for its antibacterial potential against wound pathogens; and to assay the wound healing ability using a standard in vitro wound scratch method. Tissue engineered materials were developed using L929 fibroblast cells. L929 fibroblast cells attachment and its stage wise development on wound dressing mesh materials were microscopically observed. In vitro wound healing assay revealed that the developed conjugates (containing AMPs) exhibited cell migration and proliferation after 12th hour of incubation indicating the wound healing abilities. The results showed that the developed tissue engineered wound dressing material has commercial interest in near future.

Current Trends in Integration of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Engineered Materials Testing

Material failure may occur in a variety of situations dependent on stress conditions, temperature, and internal or external load conditions. Many of the latest engineered materials combine several material types i.e., metals, carbon, glass, resins, adhesives, heterogeneous and nanomaterials (organic/inorganic) to produce multilayered, multifaceted structures that may fail in ductile, brittle, or both cases. Mechanical testing is a standard and basic component of any design and fabricating process. Mechanical testing also plays a vital role in maintaining cost-effectiveness in innovative advancement and predominance. Destructive tests include tensile testing, chemical analysis, hardness testing, fatigue testing, creep testing, shear testing, impact testing, stress rapture testing, fastener testing, residual stress measurement, and XRD. These tests can damage the molecular arrangement and even the microstructure of engineered materials. Nondestructive testing methods evaluate component/material/object quality without damaging the sample integrity. This review outlines advanced nondestructive techniques and explains predominantly used nondestructive techniques with respect to their applications, limitations, and advantages. The literature was further analyzed regarding experimental developments, data acquisition systems, and technologically upgraded accessory components. Additionally, the various combinations of methods applied for several types of material defects are reported. The ultimate goal of this review paper is to explain advanced nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques/tests, which are comprised of notable research work reporting evolved affordable systems with fast, precise, and repeatable systems with high accuracy for both experimental and data acquisition techniques. Furthermore, these advanced NDT approaches were assessed for their potential implementation at the industrial level for faster, more accurate, and secure operations.

Development of Antimicrobial Conjugates and Evaluating its Antibacterial potential and Wound Healing ability

Antimicrobial peptides from Streptomyces sp. and marine fish (Carangoides malabaricus) were extracted and developed as conjugates in the present study. The objective was framed to analyze the ability of conjugate to retard the growth of test bacteria causing diabetic foot ulcers. Fibroblast cell adhesion on AMP conjugates coated mesh samples were recorded using microscopic studies with an aim of developing a novel tissue engineered wound dressing material. Thus developed tissue engineered materials were evaluated for its antibacterial potential against wound pathogens; and to assay the wound healing ability using a standard in vitro wound scratch method. Tissue engineered materials were developed using L929 fibroblast cells. L929 fibroblast cells attachment and its stage wise development on wound dressing mesh materials were microscopically observed. In vitro wound healing assay revealed that the developed conjugates (containing AMPs) exhibited cell migration and proliferation after 12th hour of incubation indicating the wound healing abilities. The results showed that the developed tissue engineered wound dressing material has commercial interest in near future.