ANÁLISE ESTRUTURAL DO MERCADO BRASILEIRO DE PICAPES PEQUENAS

A venda de picapes pequenas no Brasil é altamente concentrada em quatro empresas, em que a Fiat tende a ter a maior participação de mercado, em termos de unidades vendidas. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi testar a ocorrência de exercício de poder de mercado no segmento de picapes pequenas. O referencial teórico teve como base a teoria da New Empirical Industrial Organization (NEIO) e aplicou-se o modelo econométrico baseado em Berry et al. (1995), um modelo estrutural de demanda e oferta para estimação do equilíbrio de mercado, onde aplica-se um modelo randômico de utilidade para derivar a demanda e assume-se que o logaritmo do custo marginal é linear em relação ao custo dos atributos. Os resultados mostram que o markup médio ponderado do segmento é de cerca 12% e que a estratégia de competição das firmas oscila ao longo do tempo. Portanto, foi possível rejeitar a hipótese nula de que os modelos de competição de Bertrand e de cooperação são indistinguíveis em favor da cooperação em alguns subperíodos.

PROSEDUR UJI KEPATUHAN TERHADAP PRINSIP BERSAING ISLAMI PADA INDUSTRI PERBANKAN SYARIAH: SEBUAH PROPOSAL BERDASARKAN TEORI DAN KAJIAN EMPIRIS ORGANISASI INDUSTRI

An industry in Islamic Economics is required to compete perfectly regardless of its market structure. How to ensure this rule being implemented in reality, however, has been neglected either in literatures or by industry supervisors. This paper is aimed at proposing a systematic procedure to test the industry compliance toward islamic competition rules. The advance of theory and empirics of New Empirical Industrial Organization is used to formulate the procedure. There are two conditions to satisfy for an industry to have an islamic competition. The first and necessary condition is rejecting the Traditional Hypothesis which is based on collutive bahaviour of dominant banks. The second and sufficient condition is, the perfect competition is driven more by the intention of syariah compliance rather than due to the pressure of contestability. Keywords: SCP Paradigm, Perfect Competition, Contestable Market, Traditional Hypothesis, New Empirical Industrial Organization, Islamic Competition, Structural Approach, Nonstructural Approach, Panzar and Rosse Model

PROSEDUR UJI KEPATUHAN TERHADAP PRINSIP BERSAING ISLAMI PADA INDUSTRI PERBANKAN SYARIAH: SEBUAH PROPOSAL BERDASARKAN TEORI DAN KAJIAN EMPIRIS ORGANISASI INDUSTRI

An industry in Islamic Economics is required to compete perfectly regardless of its market structure. How to ensure this rule being implemented in reality, however, has been neglected either in literatures or by industry supervisors. This paper is aimed at proposing a systematic procedure to test the industry compliance toward islamic competition rules. The advance of theory and empirics of New Empirical Industrial Organization is used to formulate the procedure. There are two conditions to satisfy for an industry to have an islamic competition. The first and necessary condition is rejecting the Traditional Hypothesis which is based on collutive bahaviour of dominant banks. The second and sufficient condition is, the perfect competition is driven more by the intention of syariah compliance rather than due to the pressure of contestability. Keywords: SCP Paradigm, Perfect Competition, Contestable Market, Traditional Hypothesis, New Empirical Industrial Organization, Islamic Competition, Structural Approach, Nonstructural Approach, Panzar and Rosse Model

PODER DE MERCADO NA INDÚSTRIA DE MINERAÇÃO DE PEDRA BRITADA DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE SÃO PAULO

O presente estudo tem como principal objetivo analisar a conduta das empresas que compõem a indústria mineradora de pedra britada da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP) com base na Nova Organização Industrial Empírica (New Empirical Industrial Organization - NEIO). Essa conduta se refere ao exercício do poder de mercado e à formação de cartel após essas práticas terem sido identificadas e condenadas. Os resultados permitiram verificar que a indústria apresenta um pequeno, mas significativo, poder de mercado. Ao mesmo tempo, o comportamento da indústria está distante de um cartel. Dessa forma, conclui-se que as denúncias e as punições aplicadas às empresas que participavam na formação do cartel na RMSP foram efetivas, visto que, no período de 2002 a 2013, não há indícios de que um cartel operasse nesse mercado.

PAPER BRAZILIAN FIRMS MARKET POWER IN THE WORLDWIDE MARKET

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of Brazilian paper companies in the international market. The analysis was based on the New Empirical Industrial Organization, based on Bresnahan's model (1982) to measure the conduct parameter in the industry. Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) method was used for the simultaneous equations estimative. From the results, it cannot be stated that the Brazilian companies behave as a monopolist or as a company in perfect competition in the international market. The parameter of 0.22 in the industry conduct indicated that the market is an oligopoly, intermediary to both extreme behaviors.