Description by the method of combustion mass transfer of a gasoline-hydrogen-air mixture and reduction of harm to the environment

The prospects for the use of hydrogen in automobile engines have been studied, it is possible to summarize, first of all, in relation to environmental friendliness, renewable and unlimited raw materials and the unique characteristics of the engine, which allows the use of hydrogen without making fundamental changes in modern engines. The norms for the emission of harmful substances into the environment are given and ways to reduce the emission of these harmful substances are shown. The schematic diagrams of the hydrogen electrolyzer are developed and the transfer of hydrogen to the combustion chambers is indicated. The paper describes the combustion process of a gasoline-hydrogen-air mixture using the mass transfer method.

An Open-Source Wireless Electrophysiological Complex for In Vivo Recording Neuronal Activity in the Rodent’s Brain

Multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) are a widely used tool for recording neuronal activity both in vitro/ex vivo and in vivo experiments. In the last decade, researchers have increasingly used MEAs on rodents in vivo. To increase the availability and usability of MEAs, we have created an open-source wireless electrophysiological complex. The complex is scalable, recording the activity of neurons in the brain of rodents during their behavior. Schematic diagrams and a list of necessary components for the fabrication of a wireless electrophysiological complex, consisting of a base charging station and wireless wearable modules, are presented.

CMA Narrative Archetypes

This Interlude on the topic of narrative, the second of two, serves as the bridge between the sections on basic motivic analysis (BMA) and complex motivic analysis (CMA). Chapter 7, which formally presents CMA, will explore the ramifications of broadening the Focal Point entity to include domains beyond pitch and rhythm and permitting it to occur anywhere in the piece, not just at the beginning. These shifts necessitate a second set of narrative archetypes for modeling the flow of motivic material across a work. The dominant archetype from BMA, Propagation (BMA-1), occurs in CMA as well. Now, however, it may be deployed in hierarchic fashion across the large sections of a piece, with the central Focal Point radiating packets of material to section-controlling Local Points. Other novel CMA archetypes are proposed to document cases where Focal Point material occurs later within a work (Accretion narrative) or multiple times within a work (Cyclic narrative). Detailed schematic diagrams support the discussion of all CMA types. The chapter concludes with presentation of a summary chart of all BMA and CMA narratives.

Method and Device for Improving the Utilization and Operating Efficiency of Submersible Pumping Equipment

The paper considers the issues of increasing the coefficient of utilization and efficiency of submersible pumps operation. The research of arising problems due to abundant gassiness and content of solid particles in the liquid during the operation of submersible pumps in geotechnological wells has been carried out. An analysis of various methods and devices for combating sanding and gasiness in wells has been performed. Descriptions, design elements, principle of operation and technical and economic indicators of the developed technical solution are given. Presents schematic diagrams of the construction of the device to combat sand and gas in the production wells.

Interactive, Orthogonal Hyperedge Routing in Schematic Diagrams Assisted by Layout Automatisms

Schematic diagrams are used in graph-based engineering systems. They focus mainly on the structure of the design object. Graph-based engineering systems help to solve a concrete design task. This is primarily realized by the application of domain-specific languages. The layout of schematic diagrams is of particular importance, and a neat representation is desirable. But automatically generated layouts cannot always fully match the intention of a modeler. To improve automatic layouts and enable a user-specific representation, an algorithm that allows interactive changes of the orthogonal hyperedge geometry was implemented. In this paper, we present this algorithm and give an overview of such interactions. Additionally, several reductions of the hyperedge geometry are shown. Furthermore, a local, automatic routing considering interactions on the hyperedge geometry is presented. The consideration of domain-specific semantics and the possibility of interactive changes is a new approach. All algorithms were implemented in a self-developed software framework.

Content Analysis of Diagrams in Primary Science Textbooks in Saudi Arabia: تحليل محتوى كتب العلوم بالمرحلة الابتدائية في المملكة العربية السعودية في ضوء الرسوم التوضيحية

The present study aimed to determine the degree of diagrams inclusion in primary Science Textbooks in Saudi Arabia. Based on Hegarty, Carpenter and Just (1996) diagrammatic typology. Diagrams coded as (iconic diagrams, schematic diagrams, charts and graphs). The descriptive analytical approach was used in order to achieve the study goal. The sample of the study consisted of all science textbooks (12) in the primary stage for the year (2019). The results showed that the distribution of the diagrams type as follows: Iconic diagrams (89%), Schematic diagrams (10.4%), Charts and graphs (0.47%). In the light of the results, more attention is recommended toward diagrams in primary science textbooks.

A Study of the Influence of the Bearing’s Flexibility on the Operation of a Cycloidal Gear Drive

The paper presents a study of the influence of the bearing’s flexibility on the operation of a cycloidal gear drive and highlights the importance of taking the bearing’s flexibility into account when performing calculations. It shows how flexibility affects force distribution across the pins and the displacement of the most loaded pin from the pitch point towards the gear’s axis of symmetry. A method of force calculation for the KHV and 2KV type gears taking into account the bearing’s flexibility is considered. Schematic diagrams of force distribution across the pins with and without taking the bearing’s flexibility into account are presented for two types of gearing. An experiment is performed that confirms the necessity of taking the bearing’s flexibility into account. The applicability of the method for calculating various types of cycloidal gear drives is analyzed.

Schematic Diagrams Design of Displacement Suppression Mechanism with One Degree-of-Freedom in a Rope-Guided Hoisting System

Since it is difficult for lateral stiffness of rope-guided rails to meet industry criteria in deep construction shaft, schematic diagrams of displacement suppression mechanisms (DSMs) are designed with a systematic approach demonstrated to reduce the lateral displacement of rope-guided rails in this paper. DSMs are simplified as planar four-bar and six-bar topological graphs based on topological theory. Each corresponding mechanical chain of these four-bar and six-bar mechanisms is divided into a rack, mechanical parts, prismatic, and revolute joints. An extended adjacency matrix is defined to represent the rack position, specific types of kinematic joints, and adjacency relationships between kinematic parts. Then, a symmetric vertex identification method is proposed with regard to planar 1-DOF (one degree of freedom) four-bar and six-bar topological graphs to get the sequences of prismatic joints for kinematic chains of DSMs. Finally, the alternative schematic diagrams of DSMs are obtained. The results show four-bar mechanisms with simple structure; few kinematical parts but less resident force are suitable for a mine shaft with small space and small swing. Six-bar mechanisms with two prismatic joints and three mechanical rack degree are applicable for wide shaft space in deep shaft, due to their stable structure and double resistant force. This development is helpful for DSM dimension synthesis design in future.