Study on energy saving and environmental protection generator with hydrogen–oxygen–gasoline compound fuel

The generator is the most popular mobile power device and backup power device in the world. It is very important for human life. Therefore, it is important to develop more efficient combustion technology in order to save energy and reduce air pollution. In this paper, a novel technology of hydrogen and oxygen compound gasoline fuel is developed. Hydrogen and oxygen gases are produced from an electrolytic cell and then mixed with the intake gasoline and air. The compound fuel is sucked into the engine combustion chamber. The hydrogen and oxygen gases can be produced immediately without any storage device of hydrogen. The experimental results show that this technology can increase the power generation and decrease emission pollution due to promoting combustion efficiency. In addition, the spark plug seat temperature increases due to higher heat value of hydrogen. This technique can reduce carbon monoxide and HC, but increase carbon dioxide. The research and development of this technique can achieve the goals of energy saving, emission reduction, relative safety, easy refitting and low refitting expense. Moreover, this research possesses academic innovation and industrial application.

Using polar nitrogen-, sulphur- and oxygen-compound compositions from ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry for petroleum fluid assessment in the Eagle Ford Formation, Texas

The potential of polar compound compositions from electrospray ionization ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) to characterize petroleum fluids as well as petroleum system processes is shown in the example of the Eagle Ford Formation in Texas, USA. A set of six black oil and nine source-rock bitumen samples is investigated with respect to its organic nitrogen-, sulphur- and oxygen-compound inventory in order to assess maturity, depositional environment, lithofacies and retention and migration behaviour. Compared to conventional geochemical tools based on molecular parameters from gas chromatographic analyses, FT-ICR-MS enables a maturity assessment from immature to late mature stage, which is barely influenced by source or depositional environment. Due to the increased molecular mass and polarity range of its target compounds, FT-ICR-MS is the most convincing tool to describe the retention and fractionation of polar compounds in a petroleum system.

Green Biofuel Production via Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Cooking Oil using Malaysian Dolomite Catalyst

Malaysian Dolomite has shown potential deoxygenation catalyst due to high capacity in removing oxygen compound and produce high quality of biofuel with desirable lighter hydrocarbon (C8-C24). The performance of this catalyst was compared with several commercial catalysts in catalytic pyrolysis of Waste Cooking Oil. Calcination at 900 °C in N2 produced catalyst with very high activity due to decomposition of CaMg(CO3)2 phase and formation of MgO-CaO phase. The liquid product showed similar chemical composition of biofuel in the range of gasoline, kerosene and diesel fuel. Furthermore, Malaysian Dolomite showed high reactivity with 76.51 % in total liquid hydrocarbon and the ability to convert the oxygenated compounds into CO2, CO, CH4, H2, hydrocarbon fuel gas, and H2O. Moreover, low acid value (33 mg KOH/g) and low aromatic hydrocarbon content were obtained in the biofuel. Thus, local calcined carbonated material has a potential to act as catalyst in converting waste cooking oil into biofuel. Copyright © 2018 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 13rd December 2017; Revised: 11st June 2018; Accepted: 3rd July 2018How to Cite: Hafriz, R.S.R.M., Salmiaton, A., Yunus, R., Taufiq-Yap, Y.H. (2018). Green Biofuel Production via Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Cooking Oil using Malaysian Dolomite Catalyst. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 13 (3): 489-501 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.13.3.1956.489-501)Permalink/DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.13.3.1956.489-501

A Study on Application of Surfactants in Cemented Carbides Ball Milling

Several surfactants were studied in cemented carbides ball milling in this paper by analyzing cemented carbides mechanical properties and SEM images. Appropriate surfactants used in ball milling were selected to replace commonly used surfactant, stearic acid. Impacts of surfactants on hardness, magnetic force and magnetic saturation were also discussed. Oleic acid and AEO-3 as the better surfactant than stearic acid were selected after experiments. How containing oxygen compound affects the cemented carbide mechanical property cannot be recommended at this stage; further investigations are required.

Emisja zanieczyszczeń przy zasilaniu silnika ZS olejem napędowym z domieszką bioetanolu

Bioethanol is an oxygen compound added to gasoline. Research into the possibility of applying it to diesel oil is conducted. It is assumed that such fuel could help reduce the emission of gaseous and particulate matter in comparison with conventional fuels. This paper presents the results of the authors’ chassis dynamometer test for biofuel containing 15% bioethanol. Emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (THC), and particulate matters (PM) were related to diesel oil emissions.

Role of Oxygen in Growth of Carbon Nanotubes on SiC

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown on SiC are metal-free, well-aligned, and with low structural defects. In this study, CNT formation on SiC is examined in high vacuum (10-5torr) and ultra-high vacuum (10-8torr). Multi-wall carbon nanotubes and graphitic structures are the main products on the SiC surface at 1400-1800°C in 10-5torr. Under ultra-high vacuum, the decomposition rate of SiC is much lower than in high vacuum, indicating that SiC is decomposed by oxidation reaction. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the intensity of the O1s peak at 530.3 eV decreases with increasing take-off angle, indicating that this oxygen species exists on the walls of CNTs. The results show that oxygen with a low pressure not only oxidizes SiC, but also forms a highly thermally stable carbon-oxygen compound, and interacts with the CNTs at high temperatures.