THE CONFLICTOGENIC PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH THE COMPONENTS БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ)

The purpose of the article is to characterize the conflictogenic phraseological units with the components БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ). The object of study is Ukrainian-language phraseological units with the components БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ) to denote conflict communication. The subject of research is the quantitative and qualitative classification of the conflictogenic phraseological units with the components БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ). Among the applied research methods: descriptive (for selection, classification and characteristics of the studied phraseology), linguo-cultural (to determine the cultural content of the lexical components БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ)), contextual analysis (to characterize the contextual environment of the studied phraseology), distributive analysis (for segmentation of conflict communication texts and identification of relevant phraseological units within them). Conflictogenic phraseological units with the components БОГ (ГОСПОДЬ) / БІС (ЧОРТ) – stable figurative expressions with evaluative connotations, used in various situations of conflict communication. It can be stated that the dichotomy ‘good / evil’ between these ethnoculturally significant tokens is erased, leveled – all the phraseological units that contain them in their component composition appear mostly negative. The largest group among the recorded phraseology with the component БОГ is formed focused on the expression of various negative feelings towards someone or something (dissatisfaction in particular); "middle" groups form phraseological units that express: warnings in the process of conflict; characteristics of a mentally handicapped person who is unable to act as an adequate subject of a conflict situation; a sense of agreement in a conflict situation; with the help of one phraseological unit several different feelings at the same time, mostly of a negative plan; threat; cruelty of behavior; singly used phraseological units with a component БОГ express: meaningless communication; categorical objection during communication; ridicule in the process of communication; feelings of despair in a conflict situation; feelings of affect in a conflict situation; harassment; an appeal to shame after a conflict situation. The largest share among the recorded phraseology with the component БІС is formed by focusing on the expression of various negative feelings towards someone or something; the middle position is occupied by phraseology, which expresses: a sharp reluctance to interact with someone (something), to communicate; complete denial in the process of conflict; indifference, reconciliation with the conflict situation; single phraseological units with the component БІС are used as a curse and as a sign of inexpediency, nonsense. In the future – a multifaceted, comprehensive analysis of other groups of the conflictogenic phraseological units of the Ukrainian language.

DOES CULTURAL DIVERSITY MATTER FOR TEAM PERFORMANCE IN MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES? AN ANALYSIS OF CONFLICT, COMMUNICATION, SOCIAL INTEGRATION, CREATIVITY AND SATISFACTION

Team performance is key in each organisation. Hence, cultural effects in teams are a relevant matter of subject clarifying the ambiguous findings from previous research. With this background, we investigate how the macro-constructs of conflict, communication effectiveness, social integration, creativity and satisfaction interact with cultural diversity on team performance in an environment characterised by a largely homogeneous and ethnic workforce. We test our hypotheses on a sample of firms in Thailand. Our results indicate that creativity and satisfaction have a significant positive impact on team performance whereas cultural diversity has a significant positive impact on influencing conflict in a team-based environment. However, cultural diversity has no significant impact on communication effectiveness and social integration, and it has no significant impact on team performance. The key theoretical contributions from our study are that cultural diversity can contribute to conflict even in a team composition that is seemingly cohesive and homogeneous in nature. Further, our study establishes that creativity and satisfaction have a positive effect on team performance even in the context of a homogeneous and ethnically majority-based team. For the practitioners, the results of the study indicate that initial actions need to be taken by the leaders of multicultural teams as they create teams to avoid the initial pitfalls due to conflict.

Problematization of Social Reality in Communicative Practices of Conflict Mobilization in Communities Social Networks in Germany

The results of studying the subject system-communicative dimension of conflict mobilization practices in social networks in Germany in the context of mediatization of politics and postulates of successful conflict communication of the Harvard School of Conflictology are presented in the article. The spheres of social life, characterized from the perspective of observers — members of mobilization communities — as a concentration of problem situations and phenomena are determined. The fact of achieving the planned impact when problematizing fragments of social reality is confirmed by the predominance of solidarity reactions of the addressees. The conclusion is made about the predominant presentation of fragments of social reality as a threat through a direct assessment, an indication of the need for confrontation as the main task of the community, broad calls for struggle and criticism of the opponent; about the dominant reinforced presentation of the assessment to the addressee. The consequences of modern mediation in the political sphere, which are reflected in the practices of conflict mobilization, including the changing characteristics and attitudes of communicants, are described. Mobilization practices are characterized as the practice of institutionalizing protest and conflict resolution. It is shown that the studied discursive practices combine the features of different conflict resolution strategies, re-veal partial deviations from the postulates of successful conflict communication, formulated by representatives of the Harvard School of Conflictology in the concept of “Principled Negotiations”.

POLITENESS/IMPOLITENESS IN CONFLICT DIALOGICAL DISCOURSE: PROSODY ASPECT

The given article presents an experimental phonetic investigation, which deals with a comprehensive analysis of English-language formal and informal conflict dialogues. It focuses on the study of various types of the investigated conflict dialogues intonational structure.The basic criteria of the practical material classification are: 1) the degree of relations formality between the collocutors and 2) politeness/impoliteness. According to these criteria the investigated conflict dialogues were classified as formal polite, formal impolite, informal polite and informal impolite. The recorded speech was investigated with the help of computer and statistical analyses which allowed to reveal those elements of prosody which actualize politeness/impoliteness in various types of the investigated conflict dialogues. The prosodic means that most clearly differentiate the investigated dialogical units are the pitch and intensity range, the pitch peaks, the average syllable duration, the average duration of the emphatic centre, the pause volume, types of pauses between the key remarks. The pitch and intensity peaks that coinside with the emphatic centre of a dialogical unity are greatly important for actualizing emphasis. The speech of collocutors who try to remain polite in a formal conflict situation is characterised by a normal tempo with the tendency to slowing down, a mid loudness, a mid pitch range that is due to the formal and official speech situation that forces the interlocutors to follow status subordination. An impolite formal conflict is characterized by a greater degree of emotionality than a polite formal one, as collocutors do not always follow the rules and standards of a formal situation behaviour being rude and harsh with their speech partners. At the prosodic level it is expressed by a faster tempo, a greater loudness and a wider pitch range than in the polite formal communication. The polite informal conflict communication is more emotional and natural than the polite formal one, but less emotional and natural than the impolite informal one. On the one hand the informal situation gives complete freedom to choose emotions and ways of their realization but on the other hand the desire to be polite in order not to offend the speech partner forces the collocutors to restrain their negative feelings in the polite formal conflict communication. The impolite informal conflict is the most emotional and uncontrolled. Expressiveness and uncontrollability in the impolite informal conflict are caused by the the speech situation informality, unwillingness and no need to restrain, complete freedom of choice of verbal and nonverbal means. At the prosodic level this type of conflict interaction is characterised by a high loudness, an accelerated tempo and a wide pitch range of the voice. The conducted research enabled us to state that conflict dialogical discourse represents a peculiar type of speech with a specific prosodic structure.

Speech Tactics of Conflict Communication in the Genre of "Drawing up a Report on Violation"

The article presents an analysis of the speech behavior of traffic police officers and violators of traffic rules in the situation of drawing up a report on an offense. A potentially conflict-generating communicative situation and the possibility of switching from an official register of communication to an unofficial one determines different tactics of conducting a conversation by both parties. The paper presents the results of the classification of a significant database. This allows us to state that the described types of speech behavior of violators and police officers are the most typical.

Relationship Conflict and Communication

Since the 1970s hundreds of scholars from several disciplines have devoted their energies to understanding interpersonal conflict communication. One cannot offer an inclusive essay on the topic, even if the space allowed is 10 times greater than given here. One can, however, select salient aspects of the topic—those that appear often and implicate relational welfare. Toward that end, there are four parts to approaching the topic. First, a rationale for examining interpersonal conflict communication is presented. Emphasis on interpersonal conflict communication is confined to only a handful of reasons. Second, conceptualizations of interpersonal conflict are briefly represented and analyzed according to two dimensions that can help demarcate what scholars tend to study under the aegis of “conflict.” Third, a general pedagogical model of important considerations or “events” is given; each of the various components are elaborated, and each indicating what one should consider when involved in conflict. Fourth, future directions of research regarding the topic are explored.

FORMS OF COMMUNICATION IN THE DYNAMICS OF SOCIAL CONFLICT

The article raises a question of the influence of communication on the development of conflict interactions of social subjects. It is noted that communication can take various forms at different stages of the dynamics. The forms are specific and filled with relevant communicative resources. The paper considers the features of preconflict and conflict communication; communicative relations in conflict resolution and postconflict stage. The variety of existing communicative means allows the participants of social conflict to ensure its management, but their communicative competence and certain conditions of the development of conflict situation play a significant role.

The self-fulfilling prophecy of insecurity: Mediation effects of conflict communication styles on the association between adult attachment and relationship adjustment

This study examines associations between the dimensions of insecure attachment (anxiety, avoidance) and dyadic adjustment, with a potential mediating effect of conflict communication style. Dyadic analyses and mediation tests were performed on data from 97 Czech and Slovak long-term heterosexual couples. Attachment dimensions were measured by Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised measure (ECR-R-16), six conflict communication styles by the Romantic Partner Conflict Scale (RPCS), and dyadic adjustment by the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). We confirmed previous findings according to which in both sexes, attachment anxiety and avoidance have a negative effect on dyadic adjustment. We also found that women’s anxiety is negatively associated with their partner’s dyadic adjustment. Our mediation tests showed that in both sexes, the association between attachment anxiety and low dyadic adjustment was partially mediated by a reactive conflict communication style. Moreover, the association between attachment avoidance and low dyadic adjustment in women was partially mediated by both the reactive and compromising communication styles. These results are discussed in the context of behavioral and emotional characteristics of both attachment insecurities and gender differences in interpersonal behavior.

CAUSES OF CONFLICTS IN DENTAL PRACTICE, WAYS TO PREVENT AND RESOLVE THEM

Significance: the number of conflicts related to realization of the right to health and medical care especially in such specific branch of medicine as dentistry has recently been on the rise in Russia. Furthermore, among the main fields of social interaction, a large number of interpersonal conflicts does relate to professional activity. Subject of research: conflicts and conflict situations in dental practice. Purpose of work: to identify main groups of causes of conflict situations and conflicts in dental practice and suggest ways to prevent and resolve them. Material and methods: questionnaire survey of dentists with additional interview of the respondents, mathematical and statistical data analysis using the SPSS Statistics software (Pearson chi-square tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests). Results: The majority of the respondents (59.0%) say that they have never had any conflicts with the administration. The leading cause of disagreement is dissatisfaction with the material base and supplies (35%). The prevailing share of the dentists (61.5%) indicate that conflicts between them and a colleague / nurse have never occurred. The main cause of the conflict communication is insubordination or lack of subordination, especially in rural areas and public facilities. Doctors of public healthcare facilities and dentists working in rural areas were more often in conflict with a colleague or manager. Almost all health workers (98%) note that they have encountered conflict patients. The main cause of the conflict communication is long waiting for a dental appointment (33.3%). Out of all factors influencing the relationship, about half of the respondents (53.0%) mentioned the emotional state of the patient. Out of all behavior strategies in conflicts, the majority of dentists (44%) prefer cooperation. Conclusion: Almost all (98%) dentists came into conflict with the patient. The main causes of these conflicts included: long waiting times for admission (33.3%), irrational work of the registry, the administrator (23.1%) and complaints about the quality of services (22.2%). Medical workers with average work experience (10-29 years) were more likely to conflict with the patient about claims to the quality of treatment (31.3%).