‘Eastern Criminals’ and Moral Panic: On Lithuanian Offenders in Danish Prison Facilities

This chapter analyses an increased number of arrests made on young Lithuanian burglars in Denmark. Following the newspaper hype and political reactions to the burglaries, a distorted picture of the ‘devils’ is produced, letting the public believe that the Lithuanian lawbreakers are particularly inhumane, ruthless and violent. Despite the police reporting that they never have had any violent incidents with Lithuanians, the public image prevails. This negative image ends up affecting their treatment and their rights in Danish detention centres, as prison guards act in accordance with the image, rather than in accordance with their own experience. This makes Lithuanians a particularly vulnerable group of inmates in Denmark.

Discipline and Defence: The Military Influence on Policing and Imprisonment, c.1870-1913

<p>Discipline and Defence follows the influence of military discipline, tactics and personnel through New Zealand's police and prisons from the end of the New Zealand Wars until the eve of the Great War. At the beginning of this era, constables and prison guards were recruited almost entirely from the ranks of soldiers, and were used to "settle" Maori resistance to the growing Pakeha state by constructing infrastructure as well as wielding coercive force. As colonial society became increasingly settled by the 1890s, criticism of soldiers' drunken indiscipline coincided with an increasing separation between the police and military, although prisons remained under a military hand. However, the popularity of the Anglo-Boer War recreated the soldier as the epitome of virtuous manhood, and administrators once more sought former soldiers to fill the ranks of the police and prison service. Rising industrial strikes and labour's opposition to such popular militarism by 1913 brought an open conflict between these partially re-militarised institutions and strikers. Throughout the entire period, arguments over the correct form of discipline for New Zealand's men intersected with practical necessities to influence the ongoing role of the military in domestic policing and punishment.</p>

Discipline and Defence: The Military Influence on Policing and Imprisonment, c.1870-1913

<p>Discipline and Defence follows the influence of military discipline, tactics and personnel through New Zealand's police and prisons from the end of the New Zealand Wars until the eve of the Great War. At the beginning of this era, constables and prison guards were recruited almost entirely from the ranks of soldiers, and were used to "settle" Maori resistance to the growing Pakeha state by constructing infrastructure as well as wielding coercive force. As colonial society became increasingly settled by the 1890s, criticism of soldiers' drunken indiscipline coincided with an increasing separation between the police and military, although prisons remained under a military hand. However, the popularity of the Anglo-Boer War recreated the soldier as the epitome of virtuous manhood, and administrators once more sought former soldiers to fill the ranks of the police and prison service. Rising industrial strikes and labour's opposition to such popular militarism by 1913 brought an open conflict between these partially re-militarised institutions and strikers. Throughout the entire period, arguments over the correct form of discipline for New Zealand's men intersected with practical necessities to influence the ongoing role of the military in domestic policing and punishment.</p>

Burnout of Sri Lankan Prison Officers: Exploring the Prevalence and Correlates

Background: High work demands and low work resources predispose employees to occupational burnout. Burnout of Sri Lankan prison officers has not been studied previously. Prison guards and prison rehabilitation officers are the staff categories who come into regular and direct contact with prison inmates. Aim: The study aimed to describe the prevalence of burnout and its three sub-domains in Sri Lankan prison officers and to explore the personal and work-related correlates of their burnout. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out in 2017, among 1803 prison officers including 1683 prison guards and 120 prison rehabilitation officers working in 32 prison institutions island-wide. Prison guards were selected using multi-stage stratified sampling, while all the eligible Rehabilitation Officers were included. Self-administered, translated and validated Sinhala version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey and a self-developed questionnaire on correlates were used for collecting data. Results: The response rate was 98.53%. Majority of the participants were male (88%) and currently married (80.6%). True prevalence of burnout was 31.1% (95%CI:22.1-40.1). More than one third (37.8% - 95%CI:28.3–47.3) were suffering from diminished personal accomplishment, while over one fourth were suffering from emotional exhaustion (28.6% - 95%CI:19.7–37.5) and depersonalization (26.9% - 95%CI:18.2–35.6). Feeling overburdened by housework (OR–3.9,95%CI:1.6-9.3), working in closed prisons (OR–5.4,95%CI:1.3–21.7), remand prisons (OR–4.9,95%CI:1.2–19.3) and work camps (OR–6.7,95%CI:1.6–28.4), perceived difficulty in shift work (OR–2.4,95%CI:1.4–4.0) and in taking leave (OR–2.8,95%CI:1.5–5.4), work overload (OR–2.1,95%CI:1.1–3.7), poor relationship with colleagues (OR–10.6,95%CI:1.1–103.3) and with families of inmates (OR–4.7,95%CI:1.4–16.0), poor welfare facilities (OR–3.8,95%CI:1.6–8.7) and job dissatisfaction (OR:14.3,95%CI:4.4–46.8) were associated with a higher risk for burnout. Conclusion: Burnout among prison officers is a significant issue requiring prompt interventions including basic and in-service trainings focusing on stress management.

Limit prison guards in the ICU during the coronavirus pandemic

In a time when controlling the spread of the virus in the United States requires drastic measures to limit the number of people coming in and out of intensive care units (ICU), the presence of prison guards in not justified. Transfers from American prisons to hospitals have increased dramatically during the pandemic and with each prison patient comes a cohort of prison guards. The theoretical benefits of having prison guards–such as preventing escape, protecting staff, and stopping unwanted visitation–are minimal: critically ill prisoners are chained to their bed and pose minimal threat to the staff or flight risk. Unwanted visitation is already heavily regulated by the hospital. The risks of having more people in the ICU are significant during the pandemic: more potential exposures for staff, other patients, and the guards themselves. In order to limit the spread of the virus, the number of prison guards in the ICU should be limited.

LARANGAN LGBT MENJADI APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA DI KEJAKSAAN AGUNG

Theppurpose ofpthis research ispto providepa solution to the letter Number: Peng-01 / C / Cp.2 / 11/2019 which contradicts the constitution (1945 Constitution) and Law 39/1999 concerning Human Rights. Usingpnormative researchpwith anporientation thatpis not conceptual.pThrough thispresearch, the researcherpoffers the regulations that must be made based on the 1945 constitution. At the time of the election of candidates for civil servants in 2019, there are opening positions for prison guards and prisoner drivers, the announcement is contained in Letter Number: Peng- 01/C/Cp.2/11/2019 in the specific requirements of paragraph (2) applicants may not have sexual orientation disorders and transgender decisions from the attorney general must be revoked because they violate the constitution and Law 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights, the Attorney General's Office should make a selection based on ability (competence) candidates for civil servants are not based on sexual orientation and transgender disabilities.Keywords: human rights; LGBT; The 1945 Constitution, AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberi solusi dari SuratPNomor: Peng-p01/C/Cp.2/11/2019 yang bertentanganPdengan konstitusi (Undang-UndangpDasarp1945) danpUndang-Undang 39 Tahunp1999 tentangpHak AsasipManusia. Menggunakanppenelitian normatifpdengan orientasi yangptidak bersumber kepadapkonseptual. Melaluippenelitian ini peneliti menawarkan peraturan yang dibuat harus berdasarkan konstitusi Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Pada saat pemilihan calon pegawai negeri sipil tahun 2019 membuka lowongan pengawal tahanan dan supir tahanan, pengumuman tertuang pada surat SuratpNomor: Peng-p01/C/Cp.2/11/2019 pada persyaratan khusus ayat (2) pelamar tidak boleh mempunyai kelainan orientasi seksual dan transgender keputusan dari kejaksaan agung ini harus di cabut karena melanggar konstitusi dan Undang-Undang 39 tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia seharusnya Kejaksaan Agung melakukan seleksi berdasarkan kemampuan (kompetensi) calon pegawai negeri sipil tidak berdasarkan Kelainan orientasi seksual dan Transgender.

When the Meek Began to Roar

During the 1960s, thousands of schoolteachers, nurses, sanitation workers, prison guards, firefighters, and police joined unions for the first time. Many of those workers defied the law by going on strike. This chapter explains how the Labor Board vets tried to mediate such strikes in New York City and then drafted new legislation for the public-sector employees in New York State. The Taylor Law enabled hundreds of thousands of public employees to unionize. But it did not stop strikes or slow wage and salary increases. On the contrary, relations between the public union employees, government agencies, and the public remained turbulent for years.