Translational Application of Fluorescent Molecular Probes for the Detection of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Associated with Intestinal Reperfusion Injury

Acute mesenteric ischemia, caused by an abrupt interruption of blood flow in the mesenteric vessels, is associated with high mortality. When treated with surgical interventions or drugs to re-open the vascular lumen, the reperfusion process itself can inflict damage to the intestinal wall. Ischemia and reperfusion injury comprise complex mechanisms involving disarrangement of the splanchnic microcirculatory flow and impairment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain due to initial hypoxemia and subsequent oxidative stress during the reperfusion phase. This pathophysiologic process results in the production of large amounts of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species, which damage deoxyribonucleic acid, protein, lipids, and carbohydrates by autophagy, mitoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, and apoptosis. Fluorescence-based systems using molecular probes have emerged as highly effective tools to monitor the concentrations and locations of these often short-lived ROS and RNS. The timely and accurate detection of both ROS and RNS by such an approach would help to identify early injury events associated with ischemia and reperfusion and increase overall clinical diagnostic sensitivity. This abstract describes the pathophysiology of intestinal ischemia and reperfusion and the early biological laboratory diagnosis using fluorescent molecular probes anticipating clinical decisions in the face of an extremely morbid disease.

Near-infrared fluorescent molecular probes for imaging and diagnosis of nephro-urological diseases

Near-infrared fluorescent molecular probes with improved imaging depth and optimized biodistribution have been reviewed, showing great potential for diagnosis of nephro-urological diseases.

L-tyrosine derived fluorescent molecular probes as the solvent mediated flip-flop halide (iodide/fluoride) sensors and reversible chromogenic pH indicators

In this work, we have developed two single-molecular probes, (S)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-((4-nitrobenzyl)amino) propanoic acid (H2Tyr-4-nitro, 1) and (S)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-((3-nitrobenzyl)amino) propanoic acid (H2Tyr-3-nitro, 2), from cheap and readily available L-tyrosine for demonstrating their use...

Fluorescent Molecular Probes based Activity and Inhibition monitoring of Histone Deacetylases

Extensive studies in the past decades have revealed that gene expression regulation is not limited to genetic mutations but also to processes that do not alter the genetic sequence. Post-translational...

Photopolymerization with AIE dyes for solid-state luminophores

The photoinitiating activities of MPAs/ONI were evaluated. The AIE emission of MPAs occurred during photocuring. MPAs showed potential as fluorescent molecular probes to monitor the progress of photopolymerization.

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS AND SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES OF NOVEL PYRIDINE-BASED FLUORESCENT MOLECULAR PROBES

Fluorescent molecular probes become interesting analytical tools in determination and labeling of chemical compounds and physical properties such as viscosity and polarity. Currently known fluorescent molecular probes can selectively and regardless of the environment detect only few molecules, and applicability in determination of micro- viscosity and micro-polarity are limited to narrow range and specific condition, therefore design and synthesis of novel molecular probes with extended range of operation are highly needed [1]. Traditional synthesis of 2-amino-4,6-diphenyl-pyridine-3-carbonitrile’s requires two step reaction with long heating time or and toxic solvent. By application of microwave irradiation, reaction time can be firmly shortened with the same or higher efficiency [2]. Derivatives of 2-amino-4,6-diphenyl-pyridine-3-carbonitrile can find application in different fields of science. Depending on the structure of fluorophore, those compounds exhibit high sensitivity to changes in polarity and viscosity of environment, also concentration of specific cations, and pH can be determined by measuring of fluorescence spectrum.