New Rugosochonetidae (Brachiopoda) from the upper Bashkirian and Moscovian of the Cantabrian Mountains (N Spain).

The Rugosochonetidae are widely spread in the Carboniferous of the Cantabrian Mountains and they have often been described or cited by previous authors. In this paper we present a study of the Rugosochonetidae found in upper Bashkirian and Moscovian (Pennsylvanian) rocks from the Cantabrian Mountains. The diagnosis of the family is modified in order to accommodate forms with a typical rugosochonetid ornamentation but without a dorsal median septum, which are included in the new genus Riosanetes, type genus of the new subfamily Riosanetinae. The new species Riosanetes fernandezi (type species of the new genus), Neochonetes (Neochonetes) villamaninensis, N. (N.) saenzi, N. (N.) asturianus, and N. (N.) babianus are described. The latter species is based on material previously described by us as Neochonetes acanthophorus (Girty, 1934).

Checklist of the vascular plants of the Cantabrian Mountains

We present the first standardized list of the vascular flora of the Cantabrian Mountains, a transitional zone between the Eurosiberian and Mediterranean biogeographic regions in northwestern Spain. The study area comprises 15000 km2 divided in UTM grid cells of 10 km x 10 km, for which we revised occurrence data reported in the Spanish Plant Information System (Anthos) and the online database of Iberian and Macaronesian Vegetation (SIVIM). We used a semi-automatic procedure to standardize taxonomic concepts into a single list of names, which was further updated by expert-based revision with the support of national and regional literature. In the current version, the checklist of the Cantabrian Mountains contains 2338 native species and subspecies, from which 56 are endemic to the study area. The nomenclature of the checklist follows Euro+Med in 97% of taxa, including annotations when other criteria has been used and for taxa with uncertain status. We also provide a list of 492 non-native taxa that were erroneously reported in the study area, a list of local apomictic taxa, a phylogenetic tree linked to The Plant List, a standardized calculation of Ellenberg Ecological Indicator Values for 80% of the flora, and information about life forms, IUCN threat categories and legal protection status. Our review demonstrates how the Cantabrian mountains represent a key floristic region in southern Europe and a relevant phytogeographical hub in south-western Europe. The checklist and all related information are freely accessible in a digital repository for further uses in basic and applied research