Quality analysis of the Earth remote sensing data in the surface runoff modeling for failure prediction at the tailing dumps

The tailing dump operation periodically leads to the failures. A number of failures that have occurred is related to the underestimation of the exposure to atmospheric precipitations (heavy rains, heavy snowmelt, etc.) on the tailings dams. The studies performed during the previous 50 years indicate the need to consider the climate change when calculating both the long-term average and storm runoff and substantiating the engineering solutions in the tailing dump design. The digital elevation models (DEMs) can be used as a basis for solving the problems of hydrological and hydrogeological modeling. Due to the diversity of such models, it is necessary to develop a methodology for its preparation, evaluate the necessary degree of the material post-processing, and determine the time frame for research.

GIS-based Approach to Estimate Surface Runoff in Small Catchments: A Case Study

The issue of surface runoff assessment is one of the important and relevant topics of hydrological as well as geographical research. The aim of the paper is therefore to estimate and assess surface runoff on the example of Vyčoma catchment which is located in the Western Slovakia. For this purpose, SCS runoff curve number method, modeling in GIS and remote sensing were used. An important task was the creation of a digital elevation model (DEM), which enters the surface runoff modeling and affects its accuracy. Great attention was paid to the spatial interpretation of land use categories applying aerial imagery from 2013 and hydrological soil groups as well as calculation of maximum daily rainfall with N-year return periods as partial tasks in estimating surface runoff. From the methodological point of view, the importance of the paper can be seen in the use of a simple GIS-based approach to assess the surface runoff conditions in a small catchment.