Evaluation of Anemia in the Residents of Tambaklorok Exposed to Plumbum

BACKGROUND: Anemia is a health condition characterized by a decreased in the levels of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), and the number of erythrocytes. It is usually caused through exposure to plumbum (Pb) common in most industrial areas. Based on several studies, Tambaklorok is located in the Northern part of the city of Semarang in Indonesia with Pb levels higher than the normal threshold. AIM: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the level of anemia among the residents of Tambaklorok based on the characteristics of the respondents. METHODS: Characteristics assessed include length of stay in the area, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), smoking habits, and consumption of shellfish. The methods are the cross-sectional research method was used with analytic study approach. The study sample was made up of 104 respondents with the characteristics evaluated through questionnaires. The levels of Hb, Ht, and erythrocytes were analyzed using Hematology Analyzer. RESULTS: The results showed that 38.6% of residents with over 30 years of stay, 42.2% with other jobs, 45.3% not wearing PPE, 26.7% smokers, and 38.7% of respondents had anemia. In addition, the Gamma statistical test results showed a significant relationship between the use of PPE with the levels of Hb (p = 0.001) and Ht (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION: The conclusion is generally, 41% of Tambaklorok residents in Semarang had mild anemia based on the industrial activities in the region.

P–118 A sperm selection technique to mitigate paternal contributions to embryo aneuploidy

Study question Can microfluidic sperm selection (MFSS) select male gametes without sperm chromatin fragmentation (SCF) and double-stranded DNA breaks (dsDNA) in order to generate euploid conceptuses? Summary answer Couples treated by ICSI with MFSS had significantly improved embryo ploidy rates and pregnancy outcomes, demonstrating the efficacy of this novel selection method. What is known already SCF has been linked to infertility, specifically to embryo developmental and implantation failure. This damage can be both single-stranded (ssDNA) or double-stranded (dsDNA). Recent studies have shown that dsDNA in particular causes chromosomal aberrations and contributes to embryo aneuploidy, which leads to implantation failure. Study design, size, duration Consenting couples treated at our center by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with spermatozoa selected by MFSS were included. The majority of these couples had a medical history significant for elevated SCF, recurrent implantation failure, and embryo aneuploidy. ICSI clinical outcome, as well as preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) and frozen embryo transfer (FET), was recorded and compared to the couples’ historical treatments following sperm selection by density gradient centrifugation (DGC). Participants/materials, setting, methods From 2016 to 2020, 51 consenting men had their ejaculates screened for SCF levels by terminal deoxynucleotidyl dUTP transferase nick-end labeling (TUNEL) using a commercially available kit. At least 500 spermatozoa were assessed per patient, with a normal threshold of ≤ 15%. To screen for dsDNA, neutral Comet using a modified in-house protocol was also performed in a pilot study. At least 200 spermatozoa were assessed per patient, with a normal threshold of ≤ 3%. Main results and the role of chance A total of 51 men (average age, 41.0±8 years) had mean sperm concentrations of 39.0±33x106/mL, 38.4±12% motility, and 2.1±1% normal morphology. Following DGC and MFSS, the concentrations were 4.7±8 and 4.3±8x106/mL and the motility was 64.0±33 and 98.0±3%, respectively (P < 0.0001). The average SCF decreased from 20.1±18% in the ejaculate to 16±3% following DGC, but was 2.9±4% after MFSS. The dsDNA fell from 3.4±3% in raw specimens to 2.9±1% after DGC, and to only 0.5±0.7% following MFSS (P < 0.0001). These men underwent ICSI with their female partners (average age, 37.3±4 years), with sperm selected by DGC; they achieved a fertilization rate of 56.4% (337/597) with 26.0% euploid embryos (36/139). FET cycles from these embryos yielded an implantation rate of 8.3% (2/24) and a clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) of 15.4% (2/13), but both miscarried. These couples then underwent ICSI with MFSS, with a fertilization rate of 78.0% (588/754; P < 0.0001) and 50.0% (172/344; P < 0.0001) euploid embryos after PGT-A. A total of 37 embryos have been replaced, with an implantation rate of 67.6% (25/37; P < 0.0001) and a CPR of 73.5% (25/34; P < 0.001), with an ongoing/delivery rate of 70.6% (24/34; P < 0.0001). Limitations, reasons for caution While the oocyte contribution cannot be discounted, MFSS was able to yield spermatozoa that had the highest motility and ability to produce euploid embryos following ICSI. Wider implications of the findings: The genome and epigenome of the spermatozoon, and their contribution to reproductive outcomes, are being vigorously explored and scrutinized. Alternative approaches to gamete selection, such as MFSS, in couples with elevated SCF and dsDNA provide the best chances for future pregnancies by mitigating embryo aneuploidy. Trial registration number Not applicable

The Calorie Burning Calculation System in Jogging Using a Thresholding-Based Accelerometer Sensor

Jogging has benefits for burning calories as well as for losing the weight of the body. However, the reality that often happens is that sportsmen overwork their body in exercising so that it has passed its normal threshold. This causes over or lower calorie burning in these athletes. To overcome these problems, we need a device that can later monitor calorie burning. This device is created on an Android-based platform using an accelerometer sensor. Using this sensor, the system can count the number of a person’s steps previously obtained through the threshold value as the threshold value to determine the steps. Calculation of calorie burning uses a formula that involves the number of footsteps, time, and weight of the user. This application testing involved 15 participants by comparing the calorie burning results through the application and manual calculation, so that the overall error percentage of 0.60% was obtained, so it can be concluded that 99.40% of the calorie burning calculation system in jogging using a thresholding-based accelerometer sensor is appropriate for athletes to provide information of their calories burning in jogging.

The calorie burning calculation system in jogging using a thresholding-based accelerometer sensor

Jogging has benefits for burning calories as well as for losing the weight of the body. However, the reality that often happens is that sportsmen overwork their body in exercising so that it has passed its normal threshold. This causes over or lower calorie burning in these athletes. To overcome these problems, we need a device that can later monitor calorie burning. This device is created on an Android-based platform using an accelerometer sensor. Using this sensor, the system can count the number of a person’s steps previously obtained through the threshold value as the threshold value to determine the steps. Calculation of calorie burning uses a formula that involves the number of footsteps, time, and weight of the user. This application testing involved 15 participants by comparing the calorie burning results through the application and manual calculation, so that the overall error percentage of 0.60% was obtained, so it can be concluded that 99.40% of the calorie burning calculation system in jogging using a thresholding-based accelerometer sensor is appropriate for athletes to provide information of their calories burning in jogging.

Threshold shift validity by documenting sensorineural acuity level: a useful tool for masking

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Masking dilemma is a condition prevalent whenever there is significant hearing loss in non-test ear and conductive hearing loss in test ear resulting into narrow or non-existent plateau width. Three feasible ways are divulged to circumvent this condition namely, Sensorineural acuity level testing, Fusion Inferred at threshold and use of insert type transducers. Different circumstances encountered when using insert type transducers and Fusion Inferred at threshold test has made it peril to use. Thus, administration of sensorineural acuity level test has been preferred. Sensorineural acuity level test involves computation of individual threshold shifts and its comparison with normal threshold shifts when a maximum level of bone conducted noise is presented at the centre of forehead via bone conduction vibrator. This research study aims to document normal threshold shifts and its validation in individual with bilateral symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was carried out among 50 normal individuals and 50 patients with bilateral symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss. Pertinent measures were taken to ensure fulfilment of all-inclusive and exclusive criteria. In addition, air conduction and bone conduction threshold were computed using conventional methods followed by administration of sensorineural acuity level test. Necessary comparison was made among the threshold shifts. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Inferences drawn showed closer correlation between sensorineural acuity level threshold and bone conduction thresholds during puretone audiometry.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Sensorineural acuity level test has shown to be effectual in both rehabilitation and medical interventions. Besides, imperative role of an audiologist can be recognized in its administration and elucidation for better prognostication.</p>

WANITA USIA 26 TAHUN, MULTIGRAVIDA HAMIL 35 MINGGU DENGAN DIAGNOSIS INFEKSI SALURAN KEMIH

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a disease caused by bacteria that attack theurinary tract. Pregnant women are one of the risk factors for the occurrenceof UTI and are at risk of causing premature birth and low birth weight (LBW).This case report describes multigravida women with G3P1A1Ah1 with agestational age of 35 weeks less 2 days with complaints of tightness,frequent urination at night and lower back pain. The patient has a history ofcesarean section at the birth of the first child and the incidence of UTI beforemarriage. Blood pressure: 102/71 mmHg with pulse 90 times / minute. FH29 cm with EFW ± 2790 grams, right back, head presentation, had enteredthe pelvis with a 4/5 decline, His palpitations were not palpable, fetal heartrate was 135x / minute and irregular rhythm. On laboratory examinationshows the results of hemoglobin (Hb) examination of 12.8 g / dL and leukocytes exceed the normal threshold (5000-15000 / mm3). The patient isthen given calcium lactate, iron fumarate to maintain pregnancy andamoxicillin to treat UTI in patients. Patients are also educated to maintainthe cleanliness of genital organs to prevent further infection and advise ifwant to start family plan program, patient can use Intrauterine Device (IUD)as contraception.

Diffusion/Contagion Processes on Social Networks

This study models how new ideas, practices, or diseases spread within and between communities, the diffusion of innovations or contagion. Several factors affect diffusion such as the characteristics of the initial adopters, the seeds; the structure of the network over which diffusion occurs; and the shape of the threshold distribution, which is the proportion of prior adopting peers needed for the focal individual to adopt. In this study, seven seeding conditions are modeled: (1) three opinion leadership indicators, (2) two bridging measures, (3) marginally positioned seeds, and (4) randomly selected seeds for comparison. Three network structures are modeled: (1) random, (2) small-world, and (3) scale-free. Four threshold distributions are modeled: (1) normal; (2) uniform; (3) beta 7,14; and (4) beta 1,2; all of which have a mean threshold of 33%, with different variances. The results show that seeding with nodes high on in-degree centrality and/or inverse constraint has faster and more widespread diffusion. Random networks had faster and higher prevalence of diffusion than scale-free ones, but not different from small-world ones. Compared with the normal threshold distribution, the uniform one had faster diffusion and the beta 7,14 distribution had slower diffusion. Most significantly, the threshold distribution standard deviation was associated with rate and prevalence such that higher threshold standard deviations accelerated diffusion and increased prevalence. These results underscore factors that health educators and public health advocates should consider when developing interventions or trying to understand the potential for behavior change.

STATUS FISIOLOGIS TERNAK SAPI BALI (Bos sondaicus) BETINA YANG DIPELIHARA PADA LAHAN GAMBUT (Physiological Status of Bali Cattle (Bos sondaicus)Maintained on Peatlands)

ABSTRACTThe study aimed to determine the extent of the physiological status of Balinese cattle (Bossondaicus) females maintained on peatlands including environmental temperature, respiratoryfrequency, body temperature, pulse rate, and rumination which is important to know the healthstatus of female Balinese cattle. This study used 10 female Balinese cows with an average bodyweight of 300 kg and age ranged from> 24-36 months, non-pregnant status. Physiological statusmeasurements were carried out in the morning, afternoon and evening. This study uses descriptivemethods and direct observation with data processing in analysis and tabulation. Research has beencarried out at the Joint Work Group of Taruna Taruna, Tanjung Taruna Village, Jabiren RayaDistrict, Pulang Pisau Regency. The research began on January 1, 2018 to February 2, 2018. Theresults showed that the average cage temperature in the morning was 28.0 0C and humidity was79.4%. While during the day the temperature of the cage is 33.8 oC and humidity is 58.7% and inthe afternoon the temperature of the cage is 30.0 0C and 73.6%. The average respiration frequencyof female Balinese cattle in the morning is 21.1 times per minute, while during the day is 24.3times per minute and in the afternoon is 24.5 times per minute. The average body temperature offemale Balinese cattle in the morning is 37.4 0C, during the day is 38.1 0C and in the afternoon is38.2 0C. The average pulse rate of Bali cattle, in the morning is 60.3 times per minute, during theday is 65.2 times per minute while in the afternoon is 63.7 times per minute. The averagerumination in the morning was 55.2 times chewing in 31.9 seconds, during the day the averagerumination was 55.3 times chewed in 31.7 seconds while on the afternoon the average ruminationwas 55, 3 times chew in 31.8 seconds. The physiological status of Bali cattle is respiratoryfrequency, body temperature, and pulse are in normal conditions. The condition of the ambienttemperature exceeds the normal threshold and the rumination in cattle is very high this conditiondoes not cause health problemsKeywords: Bali Cattle, Micro Climate, Physiological Response

DAMPAK TERPAPAR TOLUENA TERHADAP KADAR ASAM HIPURAT URIN PADA PEKERJA PENGECATAN OVEN OTOMOTIF

Toluene can be detected through urine and blood, in toluene urine can be examined through hypuric acid. Examination of hypuric acid in urine is one type of biological monitoring that is important in initiating and measuring toluene exposure in the workforce. This research was conducted at two Acapella workshops for automotive oven painting with a sample of 12 workers. The results showed that attention to occupational health and safety programs, especially efforts to prevent the occurrence of side effects due to exposure to toluene vapor was still low, the average level of urine hypuric acid in the workers in the morning was still at the normal threshold (1.68 g/g) , and increases in the afternoon (5.03 g/g) even though there are some workers who have levels that are far above the normal threshold value, Variables of age and years of service have a role in determining the level of hypuric acid, where the working period has a greater role than the age variable.