Bioaugmentation of Atrazine-Contaminated Soil With Paenarthrobacter sp. Strain AT-5 and Its Effect on the Soil Microbiome

Atrazine, a triazine herbicide, is widely used around the world. The residue of atrazine due to its application in the fore-rotating crop maize has caused phytotoxicity to the following crop sweet potato in China. Bioaugmentation of atrazine-contaminated soil with atrazine-degrading strains is considered as the most potential method to remove atrazine from soil. Nevertheless, the feasibility of bioaugmentation and its effect on soil microbiome still need investigation. In this study, Paenarthrobacter sp. AT-5, an atrazine-degrading strain, was inoculated into agricultural soils contaminated with atrazine to investigate the bioaugmentation process and the reassembly of the soil microbiome. It was found that 95.9% of 5 mg kg−1 atrazine was removed from the soils when inoculated with strain AT-5 with 7 days, and the phytotoxicity of sweet potato caused by atrazine was significantly alleviated. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the inoculated strain AT-5 survived well in the soils and maintained a relatively high abundance. The inoculation of strain AT-5 significantly affected the community structure of the soil microbiome, and the abundances of bacteria associated with atrazine degradation were improved.

Fabrication and application of a MIL-68(In)–NH2 incorporated high internal phase emulsion polymeric monolith as a solid phase extraction adsorbent in triazine herbicide residue analysis

MIL-68(In)–NH2 incorporated high internal phase emulsion polymeric monoliths were fabricated and applied to extract and determine triazine herbicide residues in environmental water samples.

Study of Biological Properties of Effective Pesticides Destructor Pseudomonas Putida P2

A promising approach for remediation of contaminated soils is the use of biological products based on microorganisms-destructors. Of particular interest are the strains that can decompose several types of pollutants. Potential strains-destructors should be not only effective but also adapted for certain soil and climatic conditions. In addition, when introducing a significant amount of biological agents into the ecosystem, the lack of toxicological and pathogenic effects on plants, animals, and humans is particularly important. The object of the study is the destructor strain of sim-triazine herbicide of prometrin Pseudomonas putida P2. The study explores the ability of strain to use various pesticides as the only carbon source, the effect of bacterial culture on seed germination, biotesting of strain on toxicity using earthworms. Besides, the study presents the phytopathogenic factors and enzymes causing bacteria invasiveness into animals and humans. The determination of dehydrogenase activity of prometrin destructor strain shows that this strain can also use active ingredients of pesticide malathion, HCH, and 4,4-DDT as only sole carbon source. It is also established that the studied strain Pseudomonas putida P2 increases the germination of seeds of the variety Saratovskaya 70 and carrots of the variety Samson and does not possess pathogenicity factors. The strain biotesting on the earthworms revealed no acute toxicity of the culture. The analysis of data obtained from the model pollution shows that the introduction of the destructor of Prometrium Pseudomonas putida P2 into the soil can create favorable conditions for vital activity and reproduction of earthworms.