Hubungan antara struktur lanskap dan keanekaragaman Hymenoptera parasitoid: Sebuah model interaksi pada pertanaman kacang panjang

Landscape structure and composition are an important part of a landscape’s character which can affect the presence of predators and parasitoids, and influence the effectiveness of biological control. This study aims to examine the relationship between landscape features and the diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids using long bean plants as a model. Sampling was conducted in a 50 m x 25 m plots. In each plot, 4 transects, each 50 m in length, were used to sample insects. Insects were collected using yellow pan traps, malaise traps, and direct hand collections. Overall, a total of 4.792 individuals of Hymenoptera parasitoids were collected, which consisted of 28 families and 256 species. Results showed that landscape characteristics influence the diversity, abundance, and evenness index. Diversity index and evenness are higher in landscape that is dominated by agricultural class area. The abundance of Hymenoptera parasitoid was higher in the landscape that is characterized by tree class areas compared to the agricultural class area.

KOMPOSISI JENIS DAN STRUKTUR VEGETASI HUTAN DATARAN RENDAH DI KOMPLEKS GUNUNG BULUSARAUNG SULAWESI SELATAN

The Bulusaraung Mountain is a lowland forest and is one of the main ecosystems owned by Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park. Therefore, this study aims to determine the species composition and vegetation structure of lowland forests in the complex of Bulusaraung Mountain. The research was conducted from April to May 2018. Data collection was carried out using a 20 × 20 meter plot placed on the Balleanging, Tokaddaro and Tompobulu track lines based on altitude (550 m asl, 650 m asl, and 750 m asl). The result of this study show that there are 44 species were found on tree class, 65 species on pole class, 40 species on sapling class and 25 species on seedling class. The species composition in the study area was dominated Palaquium obovatum, Persea rimosa, Arthrophyllum diversifolium, Cryptocarya laevigata, and Engelhardia serrata, while Psychotria leptothyrsa, Antidesma bunius, Maesa ramentacea, Ficus sandpaper, Baccaurea javanica, Symplocos maliliency, Callicarpa pentandra, and Saurauia tristyla is a type of tree that differentiates at each altitude. The structure of the forest canopy layer at an altitude of 550 m above sea level consists of three canopy layers, while at an altitude of 650 and 750 m above sea level consisting only of two canopy layers. The cover of forest canopy in all sampling locations was reached 75-90%.