Communicative Aspect of University Reputation Assessment (on the Case of RUDN University)

This article is concerned with the communicative study of the issue of assessing the reputation of universities. The article presents the concept of "reputation" and its characteristics such as a long-term period of creation, the multiple nature of reputation, the relationship with the values that the audience gives to the company etc. Reputation is seen as the result of communicative interaction with the audience, which allows to create trust and inspire confidence in stakeholders. The authors review the characteristics of the three leading world university rankings: Times Higher Education World University Rankings; Quacquarelli Symonds World University Rankings; The Academic Ranking of World Universities. And also, the article describes the criteria by which these rankings are built. It either observes the indicators that are taken into account in the compilation of reputational ratings for companies and brands. It turns out during the comparing of the criteria for assessing the ratings of universities and the ratings of companies and brands, that emotional components are completely dismissed from the ratings of universities. While compilers of the company’s reputation rankings RepTrak ™ Pulse and the brand’s reputation rankings Interbrand always include them. The article presents the data from a study of the reputation of RUDN University, which the authors conducted by methods of survey and interview in November 2019. They show that an emotional assessment of a university's reputation is more important for an internal audience than a rational one.

EVALUATION COMPONENT OF THE SEMANTIC FIELD “BINGE DRINKING”

Введение. Рассматриваются особенности семантики и употребления оценочных глаголов со значением «регулярное употребление алкоголя в больших количествах», которые образуют одно из микрополей, входящих в состав семантического поля «пьянство». Цель – анализ оценочной семантики глаголов выбранного для исследования микрополя. Материал и методы. В исследовании использованы материалы Национального корпуса русского языка и различных толковых словарей, методы сплошной выборки, контекстуального, компонентного и дефиниционного анализа. Результаты и обсуждение. Ядерной лексемой микрополя является глагол «пить» (диапазон потенциальных оценочных значений этого глагола очень широк, хотя сам по себе глагол является безоценочным). Остальные глаголы микрополя детализируют семантику ядерной лексемы. В зависимости от дополнительных компонентов в лексическом значении глаголов варьируется эмоциональная оценка, которую они выражают (у глагола «употреблять» эта оценка отсутствует вовсе). Рациональная оценка (негативная) остается неизменной у всех глаголов. Например, глаголы «испивать» и выражение «глушить водкой» обладают отрицательной рациональной оценкой и противоречивой эмоциональной оценкой (ее можно охарактеризовать как «сочувствие»). Внутри выбранного микрополя выделяется группа просторечно-арготических глаголов, которые характеризуются общей семой «чрезмерность», одинаковой стилистической принадлежностью и похожим контекстуальным окружением. Сема «чрезмерность» усиливает негативную эмоциональную оценку, выражаемую этими глаголами. Другую небольшую группу формируют глаголы, обладающие общими потенциальными семами «как животное» и «потеря человеческого облика», которые часто актуализируются с помощью окружающего контекста. Наличие этих семантических компонентов значительно усиливает негативную эмоциональную оценку. Заключение. Лексическое значение глаголов выбранного микрополя может содержать различные оценочные компоненты. Большинство глаголов выражают как рациональную, так и эмоциональную оценку, которая широко варьируется в зависимости от многих факторов. Внутри микрополя формируются новые парадигматические связи, некоторые глаголы приобретают новые грамматические характеристики. В целом оценку, которую выражают глаголы выбранного микрополя, нельзя охарактеризовать как однозначную. Introduction. This paper discusses the features of the use and semantics evaluation of verbs from the microfield “regular consumption of alcohol in large quantities” (one of the microfields that make up the semantic field “binge drinking”). The goal is to analyze the evaluation value of the verbs of the selected microfield. Material and methods. The article is written on the material of the National Corpus of the Russian Language and various explanatory dictionaries. The methods of continuous sampling, contextual and definitional analysis were used. Results and discussion. The evaluative component of the verb «пить» ‘drink’ (the core lexeme of the microfield) can be reconstructed only from the surrounding context, the range of evaluative values of this verb is very wide. The verb “употреблять” ‘use’ and“злоупотреблять” ‘abuse’ have a negative rational assessment (as a rule, these verbs do not have an emotional assessment). The verbs “пить” ‘drink’ and the expression “глушить водку” ‘to hit vodka hard’ have a negative rational and a conflicting emotional assessment (sympathy). Within the selected microfield, a group of verbs of argot origin is distinguished: they are characterized by a common seme ‘excessiveness’ and a similar contextual environment. Another separate group is composed by verbs with the common potential semes ‘animal’ and ‘loss of human appearance’. These semes are often actualized with the surrounding context. Conclusion. The lexical meaning of the verbs of the selected microfield can contain various evaluative components. Some verbs express both rational and emotional judgment. New paradigmatic connections are formed within the microfield and some verbs acquire interesting syntactic features.

Baremos en español del Mini-SEA (Mini Social Cognition and Emotional Assessment) en adultos normales de Buenos Aires

Introducción y objetivos: El Mini SEA es una evaluación cognitiva rápida para estudiar la cognición social. Consiste en una versión de la Prueba de Faux Pas y una prueba de reconocimiento emocional. El objetivo del trabajo fue obtener los primeros valores normativos del Mini SEA de habla hispana. Material y métodos: Se reclutaron 64 voluntarios sanos que fueron evaluados con el Mini SEA por neuropsicólogos especializados de dos centros especializados en Buenos Aires. Resultados: La media (M) total fue de 25+/- 4. La M del Score del Faux Pas fue de 12,5+/- 2,4 y del Score del Reconocimiento Emocional fue 12,8+/- 1,5. Se dividió la muestra en 4 grupos etarios: Grupo 1 (<50 años), Grupo 2 (50-59 años), Grupo 3 (60-69 años) y Grupo 4 (mas de 70 años). Se hallaron diferencias en el continuo de la edad en el puntaje del Reconocimiento Emocional entre el grupo 1 y 4 (p<0,05) y entre el grupo 3 y el 4 (p<0,01) no así en la prueba modificada del Faux Pas. Conclusión: Este estudio presenta los primeros valores normativos del Mini SEA para una población de habla hispana. Es una prueba rápida y fácil y permite estudiar la cognición social de forma adecuada y precisa sobretodo en estadios prodrómicos de enfermedades neurodegenerativas.

Emotional Assessment in Spanish Youths With Antisocial Behavior

Impaired emotional capacity in antisocial populations is a well-known reality. Taking the dimensional approach to the study of emotion, emotions are perceived as a disposition to action; they emerge from arousal of the appetitive or aversive system, and result in subjective, behavioral, and physiological responses that are modulated by the dimensions of valence, arousal, and dominance. This study uses the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) to study the interaction between the type of picture presented (pleasant, neutral, or unpleasant) and group (adolescents under custody in juvenile justice centers, adolescents under non-custodial measures, and secondary school students) in the emotional assessment of these dimensions. The interaction between the study variables was statistically significant. Statistically significant differences were found between the three types of pictures presented, in the ratings of unpleasant pictures between the custody group and the group of secondary students in regular schooling in valence, and in the ratings of unpleasant, neutral, and pleasant pictures in arousal, between the custody group and all groups. Discriminant analyses of each affective dimension indicate that the unpleasant pictures with violent and/or aggressive content tend to be in the functions that most differentiate the antisocial groups.

PHRASEOLOGISMS AS A MEANS OF STYLISTIC EXPRESSION

The article considers and summarizes the main groups of phraseology in view of their ability to create a stylistic effect in the texts of different functional styles of the German language/ Attention is focused on such types of phraseological inversions as phraseologies that have the feature of a group of words, which include idioms, double forms, and inversions that have the characteristics of sentences, which include proverbs, sayings, aphorisms, winged expressions, sentences and slogans. It is emphasized, that, mainly, phraseology serves in the stylistic arrangement of texts of certain functional styles to express the image-emotional assessment of objects and phenomena. An important aspect is the definition of stylistic functions of phraseology, as they depend on various factors. By areas of use, functional-colored phraseology (phraseology of scientific style, non-terminological phraseology, official-business phraseology) is distinguished. According to the functional style, type of text, stylistic color and other connotations, phraseology can have the following functions: 1) enhancement of clarity and emotionality; 2) expression of personal attitude; 3) strengthening pragmatic influence; 4) euphemistic function. Emotionally expressively colored phraseological units are widely used on oral and written speech, in all functional styles. Phraseology is an effective means of artistic representation. The ability of phraseological units to perform one or another pictorial function is based on their connotative meaning. Phraseologisms are characterized by great imagery, emotionality, expressiveness, stylistic color, potential ability to modify. All this contributes to the dynamism of phraseology, defines them a certain place in the texts of fiction. As a result of the processed material it was found, that neutral phraseology is used in different functional styles, and a group of expressive-phraseological units is used mainly in everyday speech, as well as in texts of fiction and non-fiction.

Figurative meanings of lexemes of the thematic group “divine” in the creation of emotive evaluation in the Russian and Spanish languages (pragmalinguistic approach)

This article provides an emotional assessment of Russian and Spanish vocabulary (including slang), as well as phraseology. For the first time, a comprehensive semantic comparative study of the ways of forming and using evaluative units, reflecting the peculiarities of the perception of the linguistic pictures of the Spanish and Russian languages, has been carried out. The author analyzes the lexical and phraseological material, ways of representation in lexicographic practice, the reasons for the emergence of secondary evaluative meanings. The results obtained allow us to confirm the hypothesis that the belonging of the primary nominative meanings of lexical units to a specific FSH, in our case the “divine” group, leads to the emergence of secondary positive emotional evaluative semantics. Most often, in the secondary estimated values of both Russian and Spanish linguistic units of the FSH “divinity”, the semantics of “beauty, kindness, purity” is realized. Keywords: pragmalinguistics, Spanish, Russian, lexical and phraseological units, figurative meaning, emotional evaluation, FSG, “divinity”, “angel”, “God”.