Estimation of the external quality characteristics of goose eggs of known breadth and length

In this study, we investigated whether the mathematical formulas, which generally reveal the external quality characteristics of living organisms, yield the correct results in goose eggs. For this purpose, three genotypes and 555 eggs were studied that were grouped into Native (n = 356), Chinese (n = 163) and Linda (n = 36), which were raised in Aksaray province. The averages in the Native, Chinese and Linda geese were 5.43, 5.38 and 5.7 cm, respectively, in breadth; were 8.12, 8.03 and 8.67 cm in length, respectively; the shape index was 66.9, 67.2 and 66.7 cm, respectively; the egg volume was 142.8, 138.8 and 172.5 cm³, respectively; the egg surface area was 136.9, 134.3 and 155.4 cm², respectively; the egg weight was 159.1, 154.5 and 192.3 g, respectively; the specific gravity of the eggs was 1.11, 1.11 and 1.12 g/cm³, respectively; the shell thickness was 0.510, 0.504 and 0.555 mm, respectively; the shell weight was 14.79, 14.32 and 18.26 g, respectively; the shell volume was 70.06, 67.82 and 86.41 cm³, respectively; the shell specific gravity was 2.111 3, 2.111 0 and 2.113 5 g/cm³, respectively; and the shell ratio was 9.29, 9.26 and 9.49 g, respectively. The number of pores is calculated as 14 828, 14 502 and 17 152, respectively. Although the formulas used give compatible results, there is a need for formulas that calculate closer to the truth rather than formulas that calculate the egg weight and egg shell weight.

The Effects of In-Ovo Injected D-Glucose Monohydrate and Ascorbic Acid on Hatchability, Body Weight and Early Post-Hatch Performance of Geese

The aim of the current study was to determine the impact of in-ovo injected D-Glucose monohydrate and ascorbic acid on hatchability, body weight and early post-hatch performance of geese. The 360 eggs from a 50-wk-old Embden crossbred breeder flock were set in a single-stage incubator with 4 treatments. The experimental treatments were: (1) non-injected Control, (2) Dextrose 24 mg / 0.5 mL, (3) Vitamin C 10 mg / 0.1 mL (4) Dextrose 24 mg / 0.5 mL + Vitamin C 10 mg / 0.1 mL. At 11 and 18 d of incubation, the eggs were injected into the albumen manually under sterile conditions. At 25 d of incubation, the same amount of the agents was injected into the yolk sac of the fertile eggs with the same procedure. The hatchability of the Control and Dextrose + Vitamin C groups were statistically different (P < 0.05). Although there was a statistically insignificant difference, the highest value was recorded in the Dextrose + Vitamin C group on the 25th-day. The hatchling weights were only influenced by the agents. The 25th-day Dextrose + Vitamin C treatment had the greatest values at body weights at hatch. There were no statistical differences by the injection days, agents and interactions regarding body weights at 7th-day post-hatch. In addition, there was no significant impact of different injection sites on both hatchling weight and, body weights of post-hatch 7th-day. It is suggested that the in-ovo injection should administrate on the 25th day of incubation into the yolk sac in goose eggs with a mixture of D-Glucose monohydrate and ascorbic acid.

A Study on the Effect of Altitude on Shell Thickness in Goose Eggs

Backround: Egg shell plays role in the respiration, regulation of humidity, protection against diseases and integrity of egg. Therefore thickness of egg shell is an important feature. Many factors contribute to the formation of the shell thickness. The effect of altitude is still the subject of research.Methods: 103 eggs were randomly collected from locations at 915 m, 920 m, 931 m, 935 m, 939 m, 960 m, 968 m, 995 m, 1150 m and 1.350 m altitudes laid out between Tuz Lake and Hasan Mountain and the thickness of the shell at the Blunt end, Equatorial part and Sharp end of the eggs were measured. Conclusion: The average thickness of the shell at the blunt end, equatorial part and sharp end were 0.54 mm, 0.58 mm and 0.60 mm respectively. These differences were statistically significant. When considering the effect of altitude on these three points and general egg thickness, the average values for general thickness varied from 0.53 mm to 0.60 mm, this was 0.51 mm - 0.56 mm for blunt end, 0.53 mm to 0.61 mm for equatorial part and 0.54 mm to 0.62 mm for sharp end. The differences according to altitude noted among equatorial part and sharp end were statistically significant. The correlations between the altitude with Blunt end, Equatorial part, Sharp end and General were insignificant. The results indicated that these altitudes had no obvious effect on eggshell thickness and that the difference detected in thickness could be caused by other factors that are ought to be determined by further studies.

ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ ГУСЕЙ РОДИТЕЛЬСКОГО СТАДА ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ КОРМОВОЙ ДОБАВКИ «ВЕТОСЕЛ Е ФОРТЕ»

Исследованиями установлено, что использование кормовой добавки «Ветосел Е форте» для гусей родительского стада в оптимальной дозировке 0,6 мл/10 л питьевой воды позволило увеличить яичную продуктивность на 2,15–10,40 %, сохранность – на 0,47–1,68 %, оплодотворенность яиц – на 0,99–3,09 %, выводимость – на 5,81–11,02, вывод молодняка – на 6,10–12,66 %. При ее использовании отмечено более выраженное тканевое дыхание, фагоцитарная активность, число и индекс увеличились на 4,34 %, 10,28 (Р≤0,05) и 2,82 %. Суточные гусята, полученные от подопытных гусынь отличались более высоким неспецифическим иммунитетом. За счет использования «Ветосел Е форте» расход корма на 1000 шт. яиц уменьшился на 2,26–12,84 %, а уровень рентабельности производства инкубационных гусиных яиц увеличился – на 1,98–4,74 %. Researches established that use of feed additive «Vetosel E forte» for geese of parent herd in an optimum dosage of 0,6 ml/10 l of drinking water allowed to increase egg productivity by 2,15–10,40 %, safety for 0,47–1,68 %, an impregnation of eggs for 0,99–3,09 %, deductibility – on 5,81–11,02, a young growth conclusion – for 6,10–12,66 %. In case of its use more expressed tissue respiration, phagocytic activity, number and index is noted also 2,82 % increased by 4,34 %, 10,28 (Р≤0,05). The daily gooses received from experimental gooses differed in higher nonspecific immunity. Due to use of «Vetosel E forte» a forage expense on 1000 pieces of eggs decreased by 2,26–12,84 %, and the level of profitability of production of incubatory goose eggs increased by 1,98–4,74 %.

Phenotype correlation of external and incubation traits of Italian White Goose eggs and goslings after hatching

Based on observations and established results related to reproduction characteristics, i.e. physical and incubation values of the Italian White Goose, following conclusions were drawn: out of 400 incubated eggs, 352 were fertilised (88.00%); 316 goslings were hatched (79% and 89.77% out of the number of inlaid and the number of fertilised eggs respectively); while the mortality during the incubation period (early, medium and late) amounted to 36 dead embryos (9.00% and 11.39% out of the number of incubated and the number of fertilised eggs respectively). Furthermore, following correlation was established by calculating the coefficients of phenotype correlation between major traits: very weak – between egg weight and egg shape index (rp = 0.180**); absolute – between egg weight and hatching weight of goslings (rp = 0.986***); medium – between egg weight and gosling percentage in the egg weight (rp = 0.477***); weak – between egg shape index and gosling weight (rp = 0.195***); while between the egg shape index and the gosling percentage in the egg weight no statistically significant (P>0.05) correlation was established (rp = 0.031NS).

The effective usage is in feeding of tribal geese of unconventional additions

In materials of the article the question of influence of unconventional feed raw material of phytogenous (dry apple pomace) is reflected on content of nutrients and bioactive substances in geese’s yolks. This feed addition, that was to the last time considered useless for this aim, contains in the composition many valuable substances, that can enrich the ration of bird. However, an increase level of raw cellulose of dry apple pomace (about 27.79%) something restrains introduction of them in the complement of the mixed fodder for a bird. However, geese are able to arrive at the corresponding level of the productivity after small concentrated as feeding. But in an order to promote ability of tribal bird effectively to use the nutritives of this vegetable feed, there was a necessity of application of enzymic preparation. In particular, the use of enzymic preparation in the conditions of increase of unconventional digister, that has high nutrients qualities resulted in the increase of maintenance of vitamins (BAS) in geese’s yolks under the action of enzyme. Investigating maintenance of vitamins it was set in egg, that in yolks of eggs under the action of this addition the amount of vitamin А grows for certain – on 1,01 –1,73 mgr /g and vitamin of В2 – on 0,51 – 0,78 mgr /g that specifies on the better biological full value of goose eggs. It allows to get the better results of the productivity, in particular bearing rises on 17,5 %, and hatching of gooses on 9,0 %.