Synthesis, characterization, and sorption activity of novel azo-colorants derived from phloroglucinol and antipyrine and their metal complexes

Two novel azo-colorants derived from phloroglucinol and antipyrine, and 10 metal complexes were studied. Both the ligands and their metal complexes show coloristic activity, while the H3L2 compound possesses good sorption activity.

Abnormal activity of functional groups during uranyl ions sorption by polymethacrylic acid-poly-4-vinylpyridine intergel system

Uranyl ions sorption by intergel system consisting of polymethacrylic acid hydrogel (hPMAA) and poly-4-vinylpyridine hydrogel (hP4VP) has been studied. First, reciprocal activation of PMAA and P4VP polymeric hydrogels in water environment was examined in order to predict intergel system sorption activity. Based on the obtained results, it was found that area of maximum hydrogel activation was within the ratios of 100 % hPMAA and 67 % hPMAA:33 % hP4VP. The maximum rate of uranyl ions extraction was also observed within these ratios. The highest uranyl ions sorption by intergel system occurred at 83 %hPMAA:17 % hP4VP ratio. Maximum uranyl ions extraction rate after 56 hours of hydrogels remote interaction was 82.5 %, when polymeric chain binding rate was 9.94 % and effective dynamic exchange capacity was 1.12 mmol/g. Significant increase of intergel system sorption activity within the ratios of 100 % hPMAA and 67 % hPMAA:33 % hP4VP in comparison with initial inactivated hydrogels 100 % hPMAA and 100 % hP4VP was confirmed by combined calculation data of extraction rates of inactivated PMAA and P4VP polymeric hydrogels. The obtained results illustrated changes of initial polymeric hydrogels’ electrochemical sorption properties in intergel system leading to functional groups obtaining higher reactive ability, which made it possible to use them for further development of highly efficient uranyl ions extraction sorption technology

STUDY OF SORPTION ACTIVITY OF BIOSORBENTS IN RELATION TO FUMONISIN B1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of four biosorbents in comparison with commercial adsorbents Vetohit and Zaslon in reducing the toxic effects of fumonisin B1. Quantitative determination of fumonisin B1 in supernatants from simulated digestion in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract was carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the RIDASCREEN® FUMONISIN kit (R-Biopharm). In vitro studies (pH 2.0, 8.0) showed that sample № 1, obtained on the basis of extracellular polysaccharides synthesized by strain 574 of the bacterium P. mucilaginosus and calcined bentonite, adsorbed more fumonisin B1 than other biosorbents and commercial preparations (9.43 μg versus 8.60, 8.83, 8.90, 9.09 and 8.13 μg, respectively). This suggests that the developed biosorbents are effective in reducing the toxic effects of fumonisin B1.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF SORPTION ACTIVITY OF SAMPLES OF NATIVE HUMIC ACID AND SOME ENTEROSORBENTS

В работе приведен сравнительный анализ сорбционных свойств гуминовых кислот, выделенных из верхового торфа Архангельской области и некоторых энтеросорбентов (активированный уголь, полисорб и фильтрум-СТИ) по отношению к ионам Pb и Zn. Структурно-функциональные особенности гуминовых кислот определяют их высокую связывающую активность и прочность связывания Pb, а также достаточно высокую селективность к Zn. На основании полученных результатов, делается вывод о перспективности разработки и применения препаратов на основе гуминовых кислот в качестве энтеросорбентов. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the sorption properties of humic acids isolated from the top peat of the Arkhangelsk region and some enterosorbents (activated carbon, polysorb, and filtrum) with respect to Pbions. The structural and functional features of humic acids determine their high lead-binding activity and the binding strength of the lead ion, which is indicated by the maximum values of the calculated constants Г∞ and K. It is shown that the degree of affinity of the Filtrum preparation to lead ions is higher than that for humic acids and other sorbents. The highest rate of absorption of lead ions was found for activated carbon and humic acids. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the development and use of humic acid-based drugs as enterosorbents used in acute lead poisoning is promising.

Organic-Inorganic Composite for Extraction of Platinum(IV)

A new composite adsorbent was obtained by hydrolytic polycondensation of N,N'-bis (3-triethoxysilyl propyl) thiocarbamide in the presence of poly-2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine. The sorption activity of the composite toward platinum (IV) ions was studied in hydrochloric acid solutions. The maximum extraction efficiency of Pt (IV) and the maximum values of sorptive capacity (218 mg g–1), and a coefficient of interphase distribution (7090 cm3 g–1) of the studied adsorbent in 1 М solution of HCl were found at 338 K. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich models were used to describe adsorption nature.

SELECTIVITY OF INTERPOLYMER SYSTEMS WITH RESPECT TO LANTHANUM IONS

The paper deals with the sorption of lanthanum ions by an interpolymer system consisting of sulfonic cation exchanger KU2-8 and anion exchanger AV-17-8. To predict the sorption activity of the intergel system, the mutual activation of the KU2-8 sulfonic cationite with the AV-17-8 anionite in the aqueous medium was initially studied. Due to the mutual activation of hydrogels in the course of their remote interaction, the polymer macromolecules pass into a highly ionized state, which leads to a significant increase in the degree of extraction of lanthanum ions from polymer hydrogels in intergel vapors as compared to the initial polymers. We calculated the degree of extraction of lanthanum ions by the interpolymer system KU2-8: AV-17-8, the degree of binding of the polymer chain (in relation to lanthanum ions) with the initial ion exchangers and the interpolymer system KU2-8: AV-17-8. Based on the data obtained, a comparative analysis of the sorption of lanthanum ions by individual sorbents and an interpolymer system was carried out within the limits of the ratio KU2-8: AV-17-8 = 5: 1–1: 5. It has been established that the maximum degree of sorption of lanthanum ions by the KU2-8: AV-17-8 interpolymer system is observed within the ratio KU2-8: AV-17-8 = 2: 4 at 48 hours of remote interaction of the interpolymer system and is 54.73 mol. %, at which the degree of binding of the polymer chain is 6.15%

Assessment of Spontaneous Ignition Lability and Gas Evolution of Coal-Bearing Rocks of Dumps and Sludges of the Coal Enterprises

Rock dumps of coal mining and coal processing enterprises contain coal, which is capable to absorbing oxygen to generate heat. Under favorable conditions, the heat generated is sufficient to increase the rock temperature and to form spontaneous fire seats. At the same time, coal-bearing rocks emit combustible and toxic gases generated during the coal decay and the oxidation of combustible elements. To assess the possibility of the development of spontaneous ignition processes in the coal-bearing rock agglomerates that were exposed to air for a long time, the samples were taken, the constant oxygen sorption rate and the duration of the spontaneous ignition incubation period were determined. Sampling was carried out on the surface of two dumps of the open pits, as well as at different depths of the slimepit of the processing plant, which were not in operation for decades. The experiment allowed to determine the concentration and intensity of the evolution of various gases from the coal-bearing rocks at natural ambient temperature. The uneven sorption activity of the rocks on the surface of dumps contributes to forming spontaneous fire seats in the areas that are most liable to this. In addition, rock dumps for decades continue to emit methane and carbon monoxide into the atmosphere at the natural temperature of the rocks, which negatively affects the surrounding nature. In the sludge settling tank, not operated for about 60 years, the sorption activity of the sludge in relation to oxygen changes not only on the surface, but also at different depths of the settling tank. The revealed features of long-term storage of coal-bearing rocks in the dumps and slimepits should be taken into account when choosing the technologies for coal mining and processing, as well as storage of the overburden rocks and processing wastes.