SIMPLE BONE CYST OF THE MANDIBLE: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Simple bone cyst is a benign pseudo cystic cavity in the bone that is less commonly associated in the maxillofacial region. The other synonyms are traumatic bone cyst or idiopathic bone cyst. These cysts are devoid of an epithelial lining and usually contain straw-colored fluid or is empty. Simple bone cyst is mainly seen in young individuals, frequently during the first and second decade of life. Here we report a case of simple bone cyst of a mandibular anterior region in a 21-year-old patient.

Bilateral simple bone cyst in mandible: Rare case report

The simple bone cyst is a benign osteolytic lesion, uncommon in the maxillomandibular region. Its etiology remains unknown, although traumatic injuries are often associated with this injury. Young patients, men and women alike are the most affected. It is asymptomatic in most cases, being diagnosed on routine radiographs. The radiolucent image, uni or multilocular, is well defined, with irregular margins, mainly in the posterior region of the mandible. Bilateral presentation is unusual. The final diagnosis is made during surgical procedures when an empty bone cavity is detected. Simple curettage is the treatment of choice and it consists of causing bleeding and filling the cavity with a blood clot. Bone repair will be observed in the follow-up procedures. The aim of this study was to present a rare case of bilateral simple bone cyst in a young male, treated with curettage of the bone walls.

1678 A Rare Example of a Simple Bone Cyst of The Ascending Ramus in A Paediatric Patient

A simple bone cyst is described as an intra-osseous pseudocyst, devoid of an epithelial lining and either empty of filled with serous or sanguineous fluid. This case presents a rare example of a simple bone cyst of the ascending ramus of the mandible in a paediatric patient. Studies have shown that less than 5% of simple bone cysts of the jaw bones are located within the mandibular ramus, with the most common site being the premolar-molar region (75%). The 14-year-old female was referred by her orthodontist to the local Oral and Maxillofacial department, for an incidental finding on her pre-orthodontic OPT of a radiolucency in the left ascending ramus. Her medical history was clear, she was asymptomatic and had no sensory deficit. A CT scan demonstrated a 22mm multilocular radiolucency centred on the left ascending ramus, extending superiorly up to the base of the coronoid process and condylar neck. Inferiorly, the radiolucency abutted but did not involve the unerupted third molar. The scan highlighted thinning of the buccal and lingual cortices putting the patient at risk of pathological fracture. The inferior alveolar nerve canal passed through the lingual aspect of the radiolucency. The patient underwent exploration of the left mandible which revealed an empty bony cavity, with no cystic lining or contents. The definitive diagnosis of a simple bone cyst was established. She experienced satisfactory healing by her review appointment 4 weeks post-surgery. Combined radiographic and clinical assessment is important in the diagnosis of simple bone cysts.

Analysis of the Fluid Contents of Simple Bone Cyst in the Mandible: Blood or Serum?

Description of the content of simple bone cyst (SBC) has been controversial. This study aimed to evaluate and give a clearer picture of the contents of the SBC cavity. Nineteen patients SBC confirmed by histopathological examination, between 2014 and 2016, were included in this study. The clinical, radiographic, surgical and laboratory findings of SBC cavity content was analyzed. For statistical analysis, paired samples t-test was used to evaluate the difference of components among cavity fluid, blood and serum. All 19 SBC cases radiographically and surgically revealed a fluid-filled cavity. The average age of the patients was 21.3±13.2 years. Any sex predominance was not found. SBCs were more often found in the anterior mandible site (n=12, 63.2%). All lesions were filled with clear straw-colored or low concentrated blood-colored flood. Although the laboratory analysis of the fluid showed components similar to those in blood and serum, the statistical analysis showed that the fluid components were not significantly different only for eosinophils (p = 0.43) and basophils (p = 0.06) counts as blood components, and sodium (p = 0.76), potassium (p = 0.08) and chloride (p = 0.13) concentration as serum components. Within a limitation of this study, the results shows that SBC is fluid-filled cavity and the cavity fluid is more likely similar to the serum rather than the blood regarding the internal components.

Multilocular Simple Bone Cyst of the Mandible: Part 2: Histopathologic Appearance and Brief Review of the Literature

The purpose of this report is to highlight the histopathologic appearance of the mandibular simple bone cyst (SBC) – a pathologic condition which continues to stay an enigma for a lot of colleagues. Cone-beam computed tomography of a two-chamber SBC (ie, multilocular type) of the mandibular body in a 41-year-old white female is analyzed. Brief literature review is also performed giving the possibility to understand all intraoperative appearances of the SBCs and contemporary techniques of its management.

Comparison of three treatment methods for simple bone cyst in children

Background The unicameral bone cyst (UBC) is a kind of benign tumor whose clinical treatments and efficacy are controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN), the injection of autologous bone marrow (ABM), and the combination of ESIN and ABM in the treatment of bone cyst in children. Methods Eighty-three cases with simple bone cyst were analyzed retrospectively. Twenty-eight cases were treated with ABM. Twenty-eight cases were treated with ESIN. Twenty-seven cases were treated with ABM and ESIN. All cases were diagnosed through X-ray, CT, or MRI scans. For the suspicious ones, the pathological biopsy was performed for an accurate diagnosis. X-ray examinations were carried out for the postoperative follow-up. Capanna criteria for bone cyst was used for postoperative evaluation of three methods. Results All cases accomplished the follow-up. The effective rate of the ABM + ESIN group was significantly higher than that of the ABM group (P < 0.05), and the cure rates of the ESIN group and the ABM + ESIN group were higher than that of the ABM group (P < 0.05, respectively). The cure time in the ESIN group was lower than that of the other two groups (P < 0.05, respectively). The times for admission were 2.0 ± 0.0 in the ESIN group, 5.7 ± 1.9 in the ABM group, and 4.7 ± 2.4 in the ABM + ESIN group (P < 0.05 when compared with each other). Conclusions The method of ABM combined with ESIN for children’s bone cyst has the highest effective rate and curative rate. For the individual method, ESIN has a higher effective rate and curative rate than that of ABM. Meanwhile, it has the fewest time of hospitalization.