Socio-economic analysis of Baroda branch canal of Som Kamla Amba irrigation project, Dungarpur, Rajasthan

Irrigation system development results in improvements of farmers' economy, followed by livelihood sustainability, standard of living and social attitude. Present analysis focused on socio-economic status of farming families in the command area of Baroda Branch Canal of Som Kamla Amba Irrigation Project. The study considered survey sampling of 10 per cent beneficiaries in the Baroda branch canal command which consisted 150 farming families having 787 persons in numbers. The socio-economic indicators viz., the family structures, employment pattern, education status, livestock ownership, farm asset distribution, cost of cultivation, and cost of returns were analysed. Results indicated that education and living standards are of farmers was low which may be one of the reasons for not adoption of newly farming technologies. Cost of cultivation per hectare for wheat, barley, gram, and mustard crops were found as Rs. 28,503.00, Rs. 26,727.00, Rs. 21,184.00 and Rs. 21,697.00, respectively and net benefits per hectare obtained from these crops were Rs. 13,297, Rs. 13,023, Rs. 14,416 and Rs. 18,303, respectively. The pattern of ownership of livestock showed that the average number of cows in the command area was about 1.97 per family. The productivity in the area is average due to low inputs use.

Optimal Taxation with Private Insurance

We derive a fully nonlinear optimal income tax schedule in the presence of private insurance. We fill the gap in the literature by studying the optimal tax formula with a comprehensive structure of the private markets—including incomplete markets models— both theoretically and quantitatively. As in the standard taxation literature without private insurance (e.g., Saez (2001)), the optimal tax formula can still be expressed in terms of standard sufficient statistics. With private insurance, however, the formula involves additional terms that reflect how the private market interacts with public insurance. For example, the optimal tax formula should also consider asset distribution and pecuniary externalities as well as the welfare effects of borrowing constraints.

Valuation and Service Trusts

The oblique nature of control over assets of a trust has always been challenging when personal asset distribution is at issue. This is no more apparent than in the context of Family Law. Complex organisational arrangements may make sense when considering tax planning or asset protection strategies, however, they may present difficulties for the application of sections 79 and 75 of the Family Law Act 1975. Specific difficulties are experienced when dissecting the economic structures of professionals, where the issues of professional and business intangible assets and tangible assets are held within service trust structures, intertwined with personal professional wages, incorporated professional entities, professional distributions and family distributions. Service trust arrangements have become popular for Australian professionals, such as, doctors, accountants, lawyers and engineers due to their tax effectiveness which passed the court’s test in the 1978 case FCT v Phillips. The Australian Taxation Office (ATO) has issued ‘safe harbour’ rules for the operation of service trust arrangements which may provide some, in principle, assistance to Family Law decision making. This paper investigates the Family Law issues with respect to partner distributions where a service trust structure is in place. In this regard, the paper considers the business structuring concepts including the rights and roles of those associated with trusts, particularly the exercising of control. Secondly, the paper reviews the courts decisions with respect to looking through business trust structures with reference to the reasoning expressed in past judgements. Finally, the paper considers the Family Law distribution effects of tangible and intangible assets when professional services are encased within a Philips Trust type structure. This paper should be of interest to those involved, or potentially involved, in Family Law asset distribution. Specifically, legal and professional advisors, such as lawyers, accountants and valuation professionals. The paper’s objective is to assist in clarifying the complex issues of understanding business structures underpinning the transaction based cash flows between entities and their potentially intertwined equity.

Regional Inequality Simulations Based on Asset Exchange Models with Exchange Range and Local Support Bias

To gain insights into the problem of regional inequality, we proposed new regional asset exchange models based on existing kinetic income-exchange models in economic physics. We did this by setting the spatial exchange range and adding bias to asset fraction probability in equivalent exchanges. Simulations of asset distribution and Gini coefficients showed that suppressing regional inequality requires, firstly an increase in the intra-regional economic circulation rate, and secondly the narrowing down of the exchange range (inter-regional economic zone). However, avoiding over-concentration of assets due to repeat exchanges requires adding a third measure; the local support bias (distribution norm). A comprehensive solution incorporating these three measures enabled shifting the asset distribution from over-concentration to exponential distribution and eventually approaching the normal distribution, reducing the Gini coefficient further. Going forward, we will expand these models by setting production capacity based on assets, path dependency on two-dimensional space, bias according to disparity, and verify measures to reduce regional inequality in actual communities.

GENDER ANALYSIS OF ASSET DISTRIBUTION AND CHILDREN’S SCHOOLING AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

There is growing evidence that the gender distribution of wealth matters especially considering the fact that asset ownership is related to wellbeing, women empowerment and poverty alleviation. Not much is known about the gender distribution of wealth in the rural areas in Ogun state, Nigeria. This study assessed gender and asset distribution in Ogun State, South-west Nigeria using cross-sectional data collected from a total of 260 households selected through a five stage sampling procedure. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ordinary least squares multiple regression analysis. The findings from the study shows that an average rural household in the sample was made up of six persons and households were predominantly headed by males (88%). The mean worth of households’ physical assets was ₦1,402,791.00, about 15% of which was owned by women. The ordinary least squares multiple regression analysis revealed that women’s share of assets had a positive influence (P<0.05) on the number of years of formal education completed by children below eighteen years. The education of father and mother were also significant at (P < 0.05) and (P < 0.01) respectively and these show that children have longer access to education when parents have at least secondary school education. Some identified constraints to women asset ownership in the study area were lack of capital (67%), domestic challenges (65%), cultural barriers to female inheritance (56%), and unemployment (52%). Based on these findings it is recommended that women should be encouraged to own more assets so as to be able to positively affect their children’s welfare in terms of education. The economic situation of women can be enhanced by promoting their access to productive assets through indigenous savings and credit associations. The rural households should further be exposed to awareness talks through extension agents stressing the values of education to all in our contemporary world.

Research on Energy-Efficient Resource Provisioning System for Cloud Datacenters

Cloud computing frameworks are intended to help the availability and sending of different assistance situated applications by the clients. Distributed computing administrations are made accessible through the server firms or server farms. These assets are the real wellspring of the power utilization in server farms alongside cooling and cooling gear. In addition the vitality utilization in the cloud is corresponding to the asset usage and server farms are nearly the world's most noteworthy purchasers of power. The asset distribution issue in a nature of NP-complete, which requiring the improvement of heuristic systems to take care of the asset allotment issue in a distributed computing condition. The multifaceted nature of the asset distribution issue increments with the size of cloud framework and winds up hard to settle successfully. The exponential arrangement space for the asset designation issue can look through utilizing heuristic methods to acquire a problematic arrangement at the satisfactory time.

Adaptive Compressive Sensing-Based Channel Estimation for 5G Massive MIMO Systems

massive numerous statistics notable yield (MIMO) is a key innovation in a long way off correspondences to get records paces of more than one instances. vast MIMO framework has pretty big variety of reception apparatuses at the base station (BS) worked for overhauling severa clients simultaneously. it is a promising innovation for acknowledgment of immoderatethroughput far off interchanges. titanic MIMO misuses the excessive degree of spatial opportunity with the purpose that it considerably improves the channel limit and power proficiency of the MIMO framework. The massive MIMO frameworks are comprehensively stated as a full-size putting in innovation for fifth era (5G) wireless correspondence frameworks. but, in massive MIMO frameworks, a careful assurance of the channel nation information (CSI)is needed for motivation in the back of feasible sign discovery, asset distribution and beamforming and so forth. those frameworks having an large range of reception apparatuses at the base Stations, clients want to gauge channels which can be associated with severa portions of transmit recieving wires. due to this, pilot overhead seems to be excessive. on this way, acknowledgment of the right channel state statistics with a base pilot overhead can be a tough issue. Reenactment outcomes finished demonstrates that the proposed calculation can swiftly and precisely determine huge MIMO channel of the difficult to understand channel sparsity and with excessive computational productiveness whilst contrasted and distinct beyond calculations

Pricing Interval European Option with the Principle of Maximum Entropy

This paper develops the interval maximum entropy model for the interval European option valuation by estimating an underlying asset distribution. The refined solution for the model is obtained by the Lagrange multiplier. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is applied to calculate the density function of the underlying asset, which can be utilized to price the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) 50 Exchange Trades Funds (ETF) option of China and the Boeing stock option of the United States. Results show that maximum entropy distribution provides precise estimations for the underlying asset of interval number situations. In this way, we can get the distribution of the underlying assets and apply it to the interval European option pricing in the financial market.

Growth and distribution endogenously determined: a theoretical model and empirical evidence

ABSTRACT We build upon an already known but scarcely developed feature of growth theory: the importance of asset distribution in an aggregate production function. We elaborate on a simple model of two individuals, and then generalize its deductions to an extended model of n agents, concluding that perfectly distributed productive capital leads to positive and optimum long-run “endogenous” growth. Recent and classical empirical literature on the topic suggests this interpretation. In addition, we find exploratory panel data evidence that supports our theory of growth and distribution in a set of Latin American countries.