Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among pesticide sprayers of tea plantations in South India

Introduction: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) are conditions in which the work environment and performance of work contribute significantly to the musculoskeletal condition. The objective of this study was to assess the work-related musculoskeletal disorders among the pesticide sprayers in tea plantations. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 290 chemical sprayers in selected tea plantations in South India from September to October 2018. Simple random sampling was done to select the sprayers for the study, written informed consent was taken and face–to–face interview was done with the sprayers. Socio-demographic factors and work profiles were noted. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used for the evaluation of musculoskeletal complaints. Results: Among the 290 sprayers in the study, all of them were males and the mean age of the participants was 45.6±8.5 years. More than half of the study participants 152 (52.4%) suffered from at least one musculoskeletal complaint and most of them 104 (35.8%) had pain in more than one body part. Among them, more than one-third 101 (34.8%) suffered from knee joint pain in the past twelve months. Shoulder problems (27.6%), lower back (22.8%) and upper back pains (19.3%) were the other major work-related musculoskeletal disorders that the study participants faced in the past year. Knee pain (31.7%), low backache (20.7%) and shoulder pain (24.1%) were the musculoskeletal problems that were related to their absence from work. Conclusion: More than half of the sprayers had at least one musculoskeletal complaint. Most common issues included knee joint pain, shoulder pain and back pains.

A Novel Biopsychosocial Approach to Neck Pain in Military Helicopter Aircrew

INTRODUCTION: Flight-related neck pain (FRNP) is a frequently reported musculoskeletal complaint among military helicopter aircrew. However, despite its prevalence and suspected causes, little is known of the underpinning pain mechanisms or the impact of neck pain on aircrews in-flight task performance. The biopsychosocial (BPS) approach to health, combined with the contemporary conceptualization of musculoskeletal pain, in which injury and pain are not necessarily synonymous, provides a relatively new holistic framework within which to consider the problem of FRNP in military helicopter aircrew. Combining these concepts, a new conceptual model is proposed to illustrate how biopsychosocial factors may influence pain perception, potentially affecting aircrews capacity to process information and, therefore, threatening in-flight task performance. Recommendations are made for considering the underlying pain mechanisms of FRNP to aid prognoses and guide the development of holistic evidence-based countermeasures for FRNP in military helicopter aircrew. Development of instruments able to measure psychosocial factors, such as self-efficacy and functional ability, validated in the military helicopter aircrew population, would assist this task.Vail RE, Harridge SDR, Hodkinson PD, Green NDC, Pavlou M. A novel biopsychosocial approach to neck pain in military helicopter aircrew. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(5):333341.

EFFECT OF LIVER MOBILITY AND MOTILITY IN CASE OF NON SPECIFIC RIGHT SHOULDER PAIN WITH MILD RESTRICTION OF MOVEMENT

Background: Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal condition that is a recognized as a disabling problem and cane be associated with substantial economic burden. The pain and disabilities associated with shoulder pain can have a large impact on individuals and their families, communities, and healthcare system affecting daily functioning, and ability to work .It is the third most common musculoskeletal complaint presenting to physical therapy. Objective: Reducing the non specific right shoulder pain and improve the range of motion using an osteopathic approach. Methods: The study was done on two patient aiming to reduce their right shoulder pain and mild restriction of shoulder rotation movement, we use visceral manipulation technique especially liver technique using liver for investigation and treatment purpose . Results: We found reduce the pain and improve range of movement of right shoulder after 15 min with the visceral manipulation techniques the approach is done for three times a week for two month.

Ergonomic-Based Redesign of Broomsticks Reduces the Physiological Burdens of Street Sweepers in Denpasar City, Indonesia

The equipment, such as broomsticks used by street sweepers are not appropriate based on anthropometric aspects, with a potency to induce inconvenience among them. Working with equipment that is not ergonomics, in addition to non-physiological work posture can cause fatigue, musculoskeletal disorders, and increased workload. This study aims to determine whether redesign an ergonomic-based broomstick may reduce the physiological burden of street sweepers in Denpasar city, Indonesia. This research is a pure experiment using a cross-design (two-period crossover design). The sample was 16 female street sweepers, divided into two groups: 8 as the control group and 8 treatment groups. Data analysis were performed using a paired t-test with significance level of 5%. The results showed significant difference (p <0.05) on the variables of workload, musculoskeletal complaints, and fatigue. In the first period, the mean of the street sweeper working heart rate was 118.96 ± 2.26 beats per minutes (bpm), the mean musculoskeletal complaint score was 91.63 ± 2.70 and the average fatigue was 77.69 ± 2.96. In Period II, the mean heart rate was 98.49 ± 2.22 bpm, the mean musculoskeletal complaint score was 63.56 ± 2.73 and the average fatigue was 57.56 ± 2.94. Redesigned stem brooms turned out to reduce workload, musculoskeletal complaints, and fatigue by 17.21%, 30.6%, and 25.91%, respectively. It can be concluded that the redesign of an ergonomic-based broomstick can reduce workload, musculoskeletal complaints, and fatigue.

Influence of Different Instrument Carrying Systems on the Kinematics of the Spine of Saxophonists

AIMS: Back strain is a common musculoskeletal complaint affecting musicians, which may be related to unsuitable playing positions causing fatigue and muscle tension. In this study, three saxophone-carrying systems (neck-strap, shoulder-strap, and Saxholder) were examined for their effects on spinal column kinematics. METHODS: The influence of saxophone-carrying systems was investigated in 14 physically healthy alto saxophonists using ultrasound topometry. Additional tests were performed on 1 subject to examine the influence of the different weights of alto, tenor, and baritone saxophones with the three different carrying systems. RESULTS: The clearest difference between two systems (shoulder-strap vs Saxholder) was found in the angle at which the player’s head bows forward while playing (3.35°; 95% CI 0.44, 6.26; p=0.0272). The use of the Saxholder resulted in a physiologically favorable axial position of the head. The head posture to ankle distance showed that the shoulder-strap and Saxholder, compared to the neck-strap, allowed a sagittal straightening and therefore advantageous axially balanced body position, although the differences were not statistically significant. The Saxholder also enabled a stabilization in the frontal section of the shoulders. In additional tests on 1 subject, the coefficient of variation showed that the instruments’ weights had a larger influence on the physiologically favorable balanced body position than the different carrying systems. CONCLUSION: This pilot study was able to show that the technique of sonometric examination (Zebris) is an effective way to investigate the influence of instrument-carrying systems on the kinematics of the spine. The Saxholder may be physiologically advantageous, but further research with a larger sample is needed to verify the findings.

WORKSTATION IMPROVEMENT DAN PEMBERIAN STRETCHING KARYAWAN PEMBERSIHAN INJEKSI MENURUNKAN KEBOSANAN KERJA, KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL, DAN MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADA INDUSTRI PERAK DI CV JPS

Working conditions silverware in Bali still found few problems ergonomic especially processes injection cleaning. Static and monotonous working postures and inappropriate anthropometry work tools may cause musculoskeletal and boredom disturbances. The purpose of this research to prove workstation improvement and stretching in reducing boredom of work, musculoskeletal disorders and increasing productivity. The research has been conducted in silver industry at CV JPS Gianyar, with treatment by subject design toward 10 employees subjects. Period I (P0) injection cleaning process without any intervention. Period II (P1) the process of injection cleaning with work station improvement and giving stretching intervention. Work boredom, musculoskeletal complaint and work productivity the data between Period I and Period II. Analyzed with Paired Samples Test for differences of meaning between groups variable boredom of work, musculoskeletal disorders, working productivity to level of meaning ?=0,05. The result of research showed that workstation improvement and giving stretching can reduce the boredom of work Period I 118.40±4.42; Period II 108.50±4.78; decrease of 8.4%. Reduce musculoskeletal complaint Period I before work 41.90±4.72 and after work 71.70±8.42; Period II before work 37.20±3.29 and after work 56.20±4.47; decrease of 21.61%. Increase productivity Period I 0.13±0.04 and Period II 0.19±0.06; increase of 46.15%. There was a decrease in boredom, musculoskeletal complaint, and increase productivity with significan level (p<0.05). The conclusion that the workstation improvement and giving stretching can reduce boredom, musculoskeletal complaint and increase work productivity of employees injection cleaning at silver industry CV JPS. So it is suggested to apply in the silver industry to reduce boredom and complaints effect to work process.

Redesain Meja dan Kursi Siswa di Yaketunis Yogyakarta

Meja dan kursi adalah fasilitas sekolah yang berpengaruh terhadap postur tubuh anak termasuk siswa tunanetra. Postur tubuh akan bekerja secara alami jika menggunakan meja dan kursi yang ergonomis. Sebaliknya, meja dan kursi yang tidak ergonomis cenderung menyebabkan keluhan muskuloskeletal. Penelitian pendahuluan dilakukan terhadap siswa tunanetra di Yaketunis dengan menggunakan metode design thinking dan dilanjutkan dengan checklist penelitian dan Standard Nordict Questionnaire (SNQ). Hasil checklist penelitian siswa kelas satu dengan rata-rata tinggi badan 115,6 cm diperoleh bahwa ketidaksesuaian dari tinggi meja dan tinggi kursi dengan siswa. Siswa kelas lima dengan rata-rata tinggi badan 133,7 cm diperoleh bahwa ketidaksesuaian tinggi meja dan tinggi kursi dengan siswa. Hal ini cenderung menyebabkan siswa mengalami keluhan muskuloskeletal yang diukur dengan SNQ pada leher, tangan, kaki, punggung, pinggang, siku, dan lutut. Meja dan kursi yang tidak ergonomis menyebabkan postur tubuh anak bekerja secara tidak alami. Ketidaksesuaian meja dan kursi dengan siswa diminimalisasi dengan redesain meja dan kursi berdasarkan antropometri tubuh siswa dengan metode perancangan Pahl dan Beitz. Metode ini terdiri dari perencanaan dan penjelasan tugas, perancangan konsep produk, perancangan bentuk produk dan perancangan detail. Redesain meja dan kursi anak ini menghasilkan bentuk yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan tubuh anak tunanetra dan keergonomiannya terhadap pengguna produk tersebut. Desk and chair are kinds of school furniture that influence for posture. Usage of unergonomically desk and chair will cause musculoskeletal complaint in student. Based on preliminary research conduct to student of ABC elementary school grade one and grade five with checklist and Standard Nordict Questionnaire (SNQ). Result of checklist in student grade one in average stature 115,6 cm mismatch hight of desk and hight of chair with the student. Student grade five in average stature 133,7 cm mismacth hight of desk and hight of chair with the student. This cause student musculoskeletal complaints result with SNQ in neck, hand, foot, back, wait, elbow and knee. Unergonomic desk and chair cause bad posture. Mismatch of desk and chair minimalizeted by redesign desk and chair with antropometry of student according to Pahl and Beitz methods. Step of this methods are clarification of task, conseptual design, embodiment design dan detail design. Redesign of school desk and chair result adjustable hight of desk and hight of chair with hight of desk 41,4- 58,9 cm and hight of chair 30,2-40,6 cm. Width of desk 56,3 cm, width of chair 27,3 cm, lenght of chair 39,2 cm and height of backrest 43,5 cm.

Causes of musculoskeletal complaint on carving crafters in Bantul

Causes of musculoskeletal complaint on carving crafters in BantulPurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the factors causing musculoskeletal disorders in furniture carvers in Bantul. These factors are age, length of service, work stress and smoking habit.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 56 respondents in a furniture carving business in Bantul. The independent variables were age, years of service, work stress, and smoking habits, while the dependent variable was a musculoskeletal disorder. Measurement of musculoskeletal disorder used a questionnaire, and Nordic Body Map while work stress measurement used a work stress indicator questionnaire.ResultsThe study found that there was a significant correlation between age and work stress with musculoskeletal complaints in furniture craftsmen in Bantul, while the working period and smoking habit did not significantly influence the musculoskeletal disorder in furniture crafters in Bantul.ConclusionAge and occupational stress are factors that affect musculoskeletal complaints, while the habit of work and smoking habit did not have a significant effect on the occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints in furniture crafters in Bantul. Work rotation and workspace design need to be done properly to minimize the risk of musculoskeletal problems in furniture crafters in Bantul.

GAMBARAN POSTUR KERJA DAN RISIKO TERJADINYA MUSKULOSKELETAL PADA PEKERJA BAGIAN WELDING DI AREA WORKSHOP BAY 4.2 PT. ALSTOM POWER ENERGY SYSTEMS INDONESIA

ABSTRACT Worker in welding division is needed in steam boiler industry such as PT. ALSTOM Power Energy Systems Indonesia for combine the steel pipe so it can bond perfectly. Musculoskeletal complaint can necessary happen when they work. Unergonomic work posture, to much force and repeating work can increase the probability of musculoskeletal compalaint. The purpose of this research is to detect the work posture that can risk musculoskeletal complaint in welding division worker at workshop bay 4.2 area in PT. ALSTOM Power Energy Systems Indonesia. The research was implemented with descriPT.ive observational approach with croos section methode. The reseach responden are 13 workers in welding division. The data collected at workshop area bay 4.2 area in PT. ALSTOM Power Energy Systems Indonesia. The variabels that researched are individual factors and work factors. The individual factors are age, work duration, smoking habbit, and body size (antropometri). The work factors are work posture and musculoskeletal complaint. The data that had been collected then analyzed with table and naration descriptively. The result founded that workers at the age of 25-30 years old that had been worked for more than 10 years was 46,15%, 53.85% had smoking habbit, and 61,54% had BMI overweight pre-obese category. It can be conclude that eight of thirteen welding workers had stoop back work posture, below shoulder arm position and have a risk to have muscoskeletal system damage. To cope with that, EHS PT. ALSTOM Power Energy Systems Indonesia have to prepare equipment and work station that can be arrange by its needs so it can decrese the gap between worker and work object or make a small chair available so the worker don’t have to kneel or stoop. Keywords: work posture, musculoskeletal complaint, welding workers ABSTRAKTenaga kerja bagian welding sangat dibutuhkan dalam industri pembuatan steam boiler di PT. ALSTOM Power Energy Systems Indonesia yaitu untuk menggabungkan pipa baja sehingga terbentuk ikatan yang permanen. Tenaga kerja bagian welding ketika bekerja dapat berisiko mengalami keluhan muskuloskeletal. Postur kerja yang tidak ergonomis, tenaga yang berlebihan dan pengulangan tenaga kerja dapat meningkatkan timbulnya keluhan muskuloskeletal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui postur kerja yang beresiko mengalami keluhan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja welding di area workshop Bay 4.2 PT. ALSTOM Power Energy Systems Indonesia. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan observasional deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Responden penelitian adalah pekerja welding yang berjumlah 13 pekerja. Pengambilan data dilakukan di area workshop Bay 4.2 PT. ALSTOM Power Energy Systems Indonesia. Variabel yang diteliti adalah faktor individu meliputi umur, masa kerja, kebiasaan merokok, dan ukuran tubuh (antropometri). Faktor pekerjaan yaitu postur kerja dan keluhan muskuloskeletal. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisa dengan tabel dan narasi secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 46,15% pekerja berumur 25-35 tahun, 46,15% telah bekerja selama > 10 tahun, 53,85% memiliki kebiasaan merokok, 61,54% memiliki BMI kategori Overweight Pre-obese. Kesimpulan yang dapat ditarik adalah delapan dari tiga belas total pekerja welding dengan postur kerja posisi punggung membungkuk, posisi lengan di bawah bahu dan duduk berpotensi mengalami kerusakan pada sistem muskuloskeletal. Cara penanggulangan untuk mengurangi kejadian keluhan musculoskeletal adalah pihak HSE PT. Alstom Energy System Indonesia menyediakan peralatan dan stasiun kerja yang dapat diatur sesuai kebutuhan sehingga memperkecil jarak antara pekerja dengan obyek kerja atau bisa juga menyediakan bangku kecil) agar pekerja tidak berlutut atau membungkuk. Kata kunci : postur kerja, keluhan muskuloskeletal, pekerja welding