The sagittal curvature of the spine can be a leading cause of scoliosis in pediatric spine

The etiology of the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) remains unknown. Variations in the sagittal profile of the spine between the early stage scoliotic and non-scoliotic pediatric patients have been shown. However, no quantitative study has shown the link between the sagittal profile and 3D deformity of the spine. 126 right thoracic scoliosis with spinal and 3D reconstructions were included. A 2D finite element model was developed for each of the sagittal curve types without any deformity in the frontal or axial planes. Physiological loadings were determined from the literature and were applied in the finite element model. The 3D deformation patterns of the models were compared to the 3D spinal patterns of the AIS with the same sagittal type. A significant correlation was found between the 3D deformity of the scoliotic curves and the numerical finite element simulation of the corresponding sagittal profile as determined by pattern correlation, p<0.001. The sagittal curve deformation patterns corresponded to the spinal deformities in the patients with the same sagittal curvature. Finite element models of the spines, representing different sagittal types in 126 AIS patients showed that deformation pattern of the sagittal types changes as a function of the spine curvature and associates with the patterns of 3D spinal deformity in AIS patients with the same sagittal curves. This finding provided evidence that the sagittal curve of the spine can determine the deformity patterns in AIS.

Finite Element Analysis over Geopolymer Concrete using Abaqus

In the recent decade, lots of efforts are being taken to completely replace cement concrete with the Geopolymer concrete. Complete understanding of the Geopolymer concrete is necessary for the effective replacement of cement concrete. This research work deals with the comparison of flexural behavior of ordinary cement concrete and Geopolymer concrete is carried out. Abaqus CAE tool is effectively used to study the flexural behavior like load deflection curve, deformation pattern and the cracking pattern. Further experimental studies were carried out and the ultimate deflection was recorded and compared with results obtained from the Abaqus results. Fair results have been obtained in this study and it unleashes a lot of scope in Geopolymer concrete.

Systems Errors Identification Method of Hull Deformation Data Based on Total Variation Constrained

Based on the analysis of influence factors for hull deformation data, physical models including hull curve deformation, hull torsion deformation and hull athletics deformation were established according to mechanical principle. Considering characteristics of the space instrumentation ship, systems errors identification method based on total variation constrained was provided. First order differential coefficient of deformation data was joined in a constrained equation in the method. Systems errors coefficient and exact value of deformation data were solved through alternating iterations. The simulation result of deformation measured data indicated that identification errors were in consistent with plus errors, and systems errors coefficient was also estimated accurately. This demonstrated that the proposed method is suitable for systems errors identification of hull deformation data.

A Novel Physically-Based Method for Curve Deformation

The aim of this paper is to present a novel physically-based method for curve deformation. It is an energy-based method considering stretching energy, bending energy and twisting energy of the curve. By combining the space deformation and energy-based technique, the curve deformation is converted into an optimization with linear constraints. Experimental results illustrate that the presented model is a shape-preserving method, which can produce realistic curve deformation.