Jitter-free 40-fs 375-keV electron pulses directly accelerated by an intense laser beam and their application to direct observation of laser pulse propagation in a vacuum

We report the generation of ultrashort bright electron pulses directly driven by irradiating a solid target with intense femtosecond laser pulses. The duration of electron pulses after compression by a phase rotator composed of permanent magnets was measured as 89 fs via the ponderomotive scattering of electron and laser pulses, which were almost at the compression limit due to the dispersion of the electron optics. The electron pulse compression system consisting of permanent magnets enabled extremely high timing stability between the laser pulse and electron pulse. The long-term RMS arrival time drift was below 14 fs in 4 h, which was limited by the resolution of the current setup. Because there was no time-varying field to generate jitter, the timing jitter was essentially reduced to zero. To demonstrate the capability of the ultrafast electron pulses, we used them to directly visualize laser pulse propagation in a vacuum and perform 2D mapping of the electric fields generated by low-density plasma in real time.

Mitigating Damage to Hybrid Perovskites Using Pulsed-Beam TEM

Mitigation of electron-beam damage of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI₃) using a modified laser-driven pulsed-beam TEM is demonstrated. For the same dose rates and total doses, it is shown that using a pulsed electron beam causes less damage to MAPbI₃ than a conventional thermionic (random) beam. Varying electron-pulse size (<i>i.e.</i>, number of electrons per pulse) and the time between pulses is also studied. It is found that damage increases with increasing pulse size and with decreasing time between pulses. Above a certain pulse size, more damage is caused by the pulsed beam than by conventional approaches.<br>

Mitigating Damage to Hybrid Perovskites Using Pulsed-Beam TEM

Mitigation of electron-beam damage of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI₃) using a modified laser-driven pulsed-beam TEM is demonstrated. For the same dose rates and total doses, it is shown that using a pulsed electron beam causes less damage to MAPbI₃ than a conventional thermionic (random) beam. Varying electron-pulse size (<i>i.e.</i>, number of electrons per pulse) and the time between pulses is also studied. It is found that damage increases with increasing pulse size and with decreasing time between pulses. Above a certain pulse size, more damage is caused by the pulsed beam than by conventional approaches.<br>

Mitigating Damage to Hybrid Perovskites Using Pulsed-Beam TEM

Mitigation of electron-beam damage of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI₃) using a modified laser-driven pulsed-beam TEM is demonstrated. For the same dose rates and total doses, it is shown that using a pulsed electron beam causes less damage to MAPbI₃ than a conventional thermionic (random) beam. Varying electron-pulse size (<i>i.e.</i>, number of electrons per pulse) and the time between pulses is also studied. It is found that damage increases with increasing pulse size and with decreasing time between pulses. Above a certain pulse size, more damage is caused by the pulsed beam than by conventional approaches.<br>