Morphological characterization and hierarchical classification of 40 bush pea genotypes (Pisum sativum L.)

The Universidad de Nariño is home to a collection of bush pea plantlets that are a source of biodiversity for the genetic improvement of pea species in Colombia. The characterization of these accessions is required to identify genotypes with attributes that could be used in the search for new varieties. For the morphological characterization, 40 pea accessions were planted in Pasto, Colombia. 23 quantitative variables and 12 qualitative variables were documented, descriptors proposed for this species by the European Union in 2003. The data were subjected to Principal Component Analysis and Multiple Correspondence Analysis. Finally, a hierarchical classification method was applied using Ward’s method. The first four components, which explained 78.80% of the total variability of the population, were selected for the quantitative variables. Four groups were identified. Genotypes with the afila gene, which are of interest for pea breeding programs, were found in groups 1 and 2. The highest seed weight was in group 1, and the genotypes with the best reaction to powdery mildew were in group four. For the qualitative variables, the first six factors, which described 60.51% of the variability, were selected, and the hierarchical classification analysis resulted in five groups. The qualitative characteristics that contributed more to the differentiation of the groups included leaflet type, hilum color, degree of curvature of the pod, color and shape of the grain.

Bioética e zika vírus na imprensa brasileira: reflexões psicossociais

RESUMO: A epidemia de Zika vírus tem gerado debates nos mais diversos espaços sociais, devido ao clima de incerteza sobre suas causas e consequências. A sociedade investe expectativas nos poderes públicos e comunidade científica para o oferecimento de soluções para a epidemia. Para a psicologia social, este contexto controverso constitui um campo fértil de reflexão, elaboração e circulação de representações sociais, suscitadas pela interpenetração entre os discursos científicos e os discursos de senso comum. Neste artigo, propomos estudar as reflexões bioéticas sobre zika vírus enquanto fenômeno socialmente construído. Os dados foram coletados entre janeiro de 2015 e agosto de 2016. Foram encontradas 114 matérias (revista Veja=98 e revista Carta Capital=16), que continham nos títulos zika e zika virus. Os textos foram processados através do software iramuteq,que proporcionou a análise de classificação hierarquica descendente e análise fatorial de correspondência. Apresentamos dados comparativos entre duas revistas com posicionamentos politico-ideologicos distintos: Veja e Carta Capital. Esperamos contribuir para o debate sobre processo de ancoragem na construção de objetos sociais via comunicação social. Os resultados obtidos na Carta Capital traz dimensões macrossociais sobre a zika, debruçando em questões ligadas às políticas públicas de saúde, determinantes sociais da doença e iniquidades sociais. A revista Veja aponta para aspectos microssociais, enfatizando uma dimensão intrapessoal. As diferenças ideológicas foram notáveis no posicionamento das duas revistas. De um lado, uma ideologia progressista, que pode estar relacionado com a ênfase na crítica das políticas públicas, de outro, próximo de uma ideologia neoliberal, colocando relevo no indivíduo como entidade privada.Palavras-chave: zika; vírus ; bioética; revista; representações sociais.ABSTRACT: The zika vírus epidemy has generated discussions in many social spaces, due to the uncertain climate about its causes and consequences. The society invests expectations in the public authorities and scientific authorities for the solutions of the epidemic situation.This controversial context constitutes a fertile field of reflection,elaboration and circulation of social representations raised by the interpenetration between scientific and common-sense discourses.We aim to investigate the circulation and polarization of bioethical reflexions about zika virus on brazilian media in the view of social representations. The data were collected between 2015/ january and 2016/ august. 114 press articles were found (Veja Magazine=98 e Carta Capital magazine=16) that contained ¨¨zika¨and ¨zika virus¨ on their titles. The texts were proccessed by the iramuteq software, that provided the hierarchical classification analysis and the factorial matching analysis.We present comparative data between two periodical with distinct ideological political positions. We await to contribute for the debate on the anchorage in the construction of social objects via social communication. The results obtained on Carta Capital show macrossocial dimentions about zika, leaning on questions linked to public health politics, social determinants of disease and social inequities.Veja magazine points to microssocial aspects, emphasizing an intrapessoal dimension. The ideological differences were notable on positioning of the two reviews.In one hand, the progressive ideology, that may be related to tne critical emphasis of public policies; on the other hand near a neoliberal ideology, highlighting the individual as a private entity.Keywords: zika; virus; bioethics; magazine; social representations.

Testing a Methodologic Approach to Territory Categorization Using Census Data

The more traditional perspective in Geography views territory as a dichotomous reality of sociodemographic and biophysical characteristics yet, literature states that both territorial dimensions coexist and interact. The number of indicators for each territorial dimension is vast which makes the territory categorization a complex task. Despite it, territory categorization generates knowledge about the differences between territories that improve the planning process and make it more directed and strategic. This work main goal is to test a methodologic approach to categorize Lisbon Municipality area at the statistical section level, integrating information on the physical and social aspects. For this purpose, multivariate and complementary statistical analysis techniques will be used: Principal Component Analysis (applied to the physical and social aspects of the territory) and Hierarchical Classification Analysis (based in the factors extracted in the Principal Component Analysis). The resulting clusters will then be mapped and its distribution will be tested for spatial autocorrelation.

Gradient analysis of Larix laricina dominated wetlands in Canada's southeastern boreal forest

With the objective of understanding how vegetation was structured in four Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch dominated wetlands in north-western Quebec, 186 point-centred quarters were sampled in four stands. For each point, both biotic and abiotic variables were collected and species cover was recorded. Divisive hierarchical classification analysis (Twinspan) identified nine vegetation clusters: i) Larix laricina & Spiraea alba, ii) Larix laricina & Kalmia angustifolia, iii) Larix laricina, Picea mariana & Alnus rugosa, iv) Larix laricina & Betula pumila, v) Thuja occidentalis & Trientalis borealis, vi) Abies balsamea & Betula papyrifera, vii) Fraxinus nigra & Onoclea sensibilis, viii) Alnus rugosa, and ix) Eleocharis smallii. Results of the canonical correspondence analyses indicated that the distribution of these clusters was mainly related to (i) distance from shore, (ii) shade (canopy cover), (iii) substrate nitrate concentration (in relation to the abundance of Kalmia angustifolia and Alnus rugosa), (iv) substrate pH (in relation to the abundance of Sphagnum spp.), and (v) substrate conductivity. Several characteristics of the water table also affected species distribution, including pH, depth, and carbon concentration. Further studies should address the effect of the presence of Kalmia angustifolia and Alnus rugosa on larch growth.Key words: larch, wetland, vegetation analysis, flooding, boreal forest.