Pengembangan Pendidikan Karakter di RA Bina Insani Muslim Selama Pandemi Covid-19

<p><em>Character education is an important provision in preparing early childhood in facing a future full of challenges, both academically and in the life of the nation and state, learning at Roudhotul Athfal Bina Ibsani Muslim in the current conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic is a challenge in efforts to manage education character even though the intensity of the encounter between teachers and students is reduced and moves to digital spaces. This study aims to describe the development of character education in RA Bina Insani during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research instrument uses observation, semi-structured interviews where the researcher tries to open the opinion and ideas of the informants so that the problem becomes clear. The technique used to analyze the data used a qualitative descriptive technique. The results showed that there are four models of learning model RA Bina Insani Muslimi during the Covid-19 pandemic; Online (online), offline (offline), Home visit (home learning once a week) and School Visit. The results show that the development of character education is outlined in daily and weekly programs and is still escorted by teachers by providing character control sheets, and providing appreciation and guidance for those who do not meet the criteria. The characters developed are the child's personality, independence, discipline, and responsibility. </em><em></em></p>

Educator Practices and Perceptions of Integrating Sustainability and Food Systems Concepts Into Elementary Education: Comparative Case Study in Two Northwestern States in the United States

Elementary education can equip future consumers and leaders with the systems thinking skills, real-world experiences, and knowledge to make decisions and lead progress toward sustainability transitions. The implementation of learning standards that focus on sustainability is one approach for integrating sustainability and food systems content into elementary education. The purpose of this study was to administer a survey with elementary-level educators to: (1) identify practices and perceptions of integrating sustainability and food systems concepts into the classroom; and (2) determine if practices and perceptions vary based on the presence of state learning standards focused on sustainability. A total of 171 educators completed the majority of the survey from two northwestern states in the United States: Washington (which has state learning standards focused on sustainability) and Montana (which does not have sustainability learning standards). Findings that 30% or less of the surveyed educators integrate sustainability and food systems content in their classroom highlights the urgent need for reforming elementary school curriculum to integrate sustainability as a central unifying framework to support societal and planetary health. Given the similarities in survey responses between educators in Washington and Montana, findings emphasize that state learning standards focused on sustainability are not adequate on their own to foster teacher adoption of sustainability content. There is thus a need for larger curriculum reformation to integrate sustainability as a framework, development of place-based teacher resources, and open access professional development to ensure that elementary-school students cultivate the systems thinking skills, real world experience, and knowledge that will allow them to develop the competencies to ultimately guide society toward meeting the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations.

What treatment outcomes matter most? A Q-study of outcome priority profiles among youth with lived experience of depression

Interest in youth perspectives on what constitutes an important outcome in the treatment of depression has been growing, but limited attention has been given to heterogeneity in outcome priorities, and minority viewpoints. These are important to consider for person-centred outcome tracking in clinical practice, or when conducting clinical trials targeting specific populations. This study used Q-methodology to identify outcome priority profiles among youth with lived experience of service use for depression. A purposive sample of 28 youth (aged 16–21 years) rank-ordered 35 outcome statements by importance and completed brief semi-structured interviews eliciting their sorting rationales. By-person principal component analysis was used to identify outcome priority profiles based on all Q-sort configurations. Priority profiles were described and interpreted with reference to the qualitative interview data. Four distinct outcome priority profiles were identified: “Relieving distress and experiencing a happier emotional state”; “Learning to cope with cyclical distressing emotional states”; “Understanding and processing distressing emotional states”; and “Reduced interference of ongoing distressing emotional states with daily life”. All four profiles prioritised improvements in mood and the ability to feel pleasure but differed in the level of importance assigned to learning coping skills, processing experiences, and the reduced interference of depression with life and identity. As part of a person-centered approach to care delivery, care providers should routinely engage young people in conversation and shared decision-making about the types of change they would like to prioritise and track during treatment, beyond a common core of consensus outcomes.

The Role of Electoral Incentives for Policy Innovation: Evidence from the US Welfare Reform

How do governors’ reelection motives affect policy experimentation? We develop a theoretical model of this situation, and then test the predictions in data on US state-level welfare reforms from 1978 to 2007. This period marked the most dramatic shift in social policy since the New Deal. Our findings indicate that governors with strong electoral support are less likely to experiment than governors with little support. Yet, governors who cannot be reelected actually experiment more than governors striving for reelection. These findings are robust to controlling for ideology, preferences for redistribution, the state legislature, and cross-state learning. (JEL D72, H75, I32, I38)

PDα-type iterative learning control with initial state learning for fractional-order systems

In order to eliminate the influence of the arbitrary initial state on the systems, open-loop and open-close-loop PDα-type fractional-order iterative learning control (FOILC) algorithms with initial state learning are proposed for a class of fractional-order linear continuous-time systems with an arbitrary initial state. In the sense of Lebesgue-p norm, the sufficient conditions for the convergence of PDα-type algorithms are disturbed in the iteration domain by taking advantage of the generalized Young inequality of convolution integral. The results demonstrate that under these novel algorithms, the convergences of the tracking error are can be guaranteed. Numerical simulations support the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed algorithms.

Correction of the psychophysical state of students by means of swimming

The article reveals the features of the correction of the psychophysical state of students by means of swimming. It has been determined that swimming is one of the most common sports among students. The influence of swimming not only on the development of physical qualities, but also on the improvement of the morpho-functional and mental indicators of a person is characterized. The formation of students' conscious attitude to their health, the development of the need for regular exercise, the formation of self-confidence and the ability to overcome significant physical exertion, especially in conditions of increased emotional and mental stress - one of the most important tasks of physical education in institutions physical education. Many authors believe that students with higher physical fitness are better able to adapt to new conditions that arise at the initial stage of learning, and this has a positive effect on their well-being, mental state, learning. There is an obvious relationship between the physical and mental state of student youth. Scientists and practitioners are developing new approaches to organizing and conducting classes that take into account the psychophysical condition of students. Psychophysical health of student youth is the main problem. Selection of means and methods of physical education should be carried out taking into account the peculiarities of the psychophysical state of the individual and contribute to the formation of a stable, mentally stable personality. Swimming is of great practical importance, is one of the means of physical development and health promotion. It reduces excessive excitability and irritability, strengthens the nervous system.